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Lawrencium vs Curium

Lawrencium
Curium
Curium vs Lawrencium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Lr  
Cm  
Group Number
3  
15
3  
15
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
d block  
f block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Actinide  
CAS Number
22537195  
15
7440519  
36
Space Group Name
-  
-  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
225.00  
3
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • It is synthetically produced metal.
  • Radiation hazard can be produce by it.
  
  • Curium metal does not occur free in nature.
  • Curium metal is a synthetically produced metal.
  
Sources
Bombarding Californium-252 with Boron Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining  
Bombarding Plutonium with Helium Ions  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Albert Ghiorso  
Discovery
In 1961–1971  
In 1944  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
35
Abundance In Sun
-  
0.00 %  
30
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
-  
0.00 %  
24
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Lawrencium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Curium metal is used to provide power to electrical equipment for space missions.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,627.00 °C  
20
1,340.00 °C  
34
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
3,110.00 °C  
31
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Silver  
Luster
Unknown Luster  
Metallic  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
-  
2.00  
17
Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa  
28
320.00 MPa  
40
Vickers Hardness
500.00 MPa  
35
461.00 MPa  
37
Speed of Sound
2,760.00 m/s  
99+
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
65.00 %  
18
60.00 %  
23
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Lr  
Cm  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
10  
28
15  
24
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.30  
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.20  
28
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.30  
40
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00  
99+
2.70  
22
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,428.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,196.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3rd Energy Level
2,228.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,026.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,910.00 kJ/mol  
31
3,550.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
6,690.00 kJ/mol  
37
10th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
47,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
19
13th Energy Level
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
40
15th Energy Level
47,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
58,100.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol  
15
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol  
12
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
860.00 kJ/mol  
17
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol  
27
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
20
22nd Energy Level
388.00 kJ/mol  
99+
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
1,180.00 kJ/mol  
32
5,810.00 kJ/mol  
20
24th Energy Level
546.10 kJ/mol  
99+
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
594.70 kJ/mol  
99+
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
478.00 kJ/mol  
99+
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
29th Energy Level
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
581.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.23 g/amp-hr  
12
3.07 g/amp-hr  
19
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
4.50 eV  
19
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
103  
15
96  
22
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 7s2 7p1  
[Rn] 5f7 6d1 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Curium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
103  
15
96  
22
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
151  
11
Number of Electrons
103  
15
96  
22
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
162.00 pm  
28
174.00 pm  
22
Covalent Radius
162.00 pm  
31
169.00 pm  
28
Van der Waals Radius
246.00 pm  
12
200.00 pm  
35
Atomic Weight
266.00 amu  
12
247.00 amu  
18
Atomic Volume
35.10 cm3/mol  
7
18.28 cm3/mol  
38
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Nobelium
  
Americium
  
Next Element
Rutherfordium
  
Berkelium
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
44.50 (-eV)  
39
Lattice Constant
530.00 pm  
14
336.25 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
-  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.60  
22
1.67  
11
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
15.00 g/cm3  
22
13.51 g/cm3  
26
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.60 g/cm3  
20
13.85 g/cm3  
25
Tensile Strength
80.00 MPa  
29
350.00 MPa  
12
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
24
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
32.00 GPa  
24
Bulk Modulus
15.00 GPa  
99+
40.00 GPa  
38
Young's Modulus
210.00 GPa  
10
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.32  
12
0.35  
9
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
15.60  
22
13.51  
28
Magnetic Ordering
-  
Antiferromagnetic  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
13
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
23
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
-  
Resistivity
8.37 nΩ·m  
99+
1.25 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.13 106/cm Ω  
19
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.22 J/(kg K)  
29
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
27.50 J/mol·K  
21
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
11.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
1,340.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
8.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
11.60 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
341.90 kJ/mol  
37
331.60 kJ/mol  
40
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
15.00 kJ/mol  
22
Enthalpy of Atomization
580.00 kJ/mol  
14
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
54.80 J/mol.K  
35
52.50 J/mol.K  
36
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