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Lawrencium vs Dubnium

Lawrencium
Dubnium
Dubnium vs Lawrencium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Lr  
Db  
Group Number
3  
15
5  
13
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
d block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
22537195  
15
53850354  
14
Space Group Name
-  
-  
Space Group Number
225.00  
3
166.00  
9
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • It is synthetically produced metal.
  • Radiation hazard can be produce by it.
  
  • IUPAC allotted a temporary name to Dubnium metal as “ Unnilpentium”.
  • In the production of Dubnium, thermal gradient chromatography is used.
  
Sources
Bombarding Californium-252 with Boron Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining  
Produced by Bombarding Am243 with Ne22, Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research  
Discovery
In 1961–1971  
In 1968  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
-  
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
-  
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Lawrencium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Currently known uses of Dubnium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
-  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,627.00 °C  
20
-  
Boiling Point
0.00 °C  
99+
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
-  
Luster
Unknown Luster  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
-  
6.00  
6
Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa  
28
330.00 MPa  
38
Vickers Hardness
500.00 MPa  
35
400.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
2,760.00 m/s  
99+
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.20  
99+
Reflectivity
65.00 %  
18
55.00 %  
27
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Lr  
Db  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
10  
28
10  
28
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
2.20  
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
1.10  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
1.30  
40
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.00  
99+
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
664.80 kJ/mol  
38
2nd Energy Level
1,428.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,546.70 kJ/mol  
39
3rd Energy Level
2,228.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,378.40 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
4,910.00 kJ/mol  
31
3,298.80 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,305.20 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12,900.00 kJ/mol  
5
7th Energy level
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,280.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,830.00 kJ/mol  
22
11th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
12th Energy Level
47,800.00 kJ/mol  
22
88,300.00 kJ/mol  
2
13th Energy Level
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,760.00 kJ/mol  
99+
14th Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
15th Energy Level
47,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
33,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
16th Energy Level
470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
33,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
17th Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol  
15
1,129.00 kJ/mol  
19
18th Energy Level
4,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol  
12
1,094.90 kJ/mol  
18
20th Energy Level
860.00 kJ/mol  
17
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
1,186.00 kJ/mol  
27
883.00 kJ/mol  
36
22nd Energy Level
388.00 kJ/mol  
99+
330.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
1,180.00 kJ/mol  
32
1,150.00 kJ/mol  
33
24th Energy Level
546.10 kJ/mol  
99+
528.30 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
594.70 kJ/mol  
99+
579.80 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
470.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
478.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,150.00 kJ/mol  
3
29th Energy Level
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,094.00 kJ/mol  
5
30th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.23 g/amp-hr  
12
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Atomic
Atomic Number
103  
15
105  
13
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 7s2 7p1  
[Rn] 5f14 6d3 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
103  
15
105  
13
Number of Neutrons
157  
8
157  
8
Number of Electrons
103  
15
105  
13
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
162.00 pm  
28
139.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
162.00 pm  
31
149.00 pm  
37
Van der Waals Radius
246.00 pm  
12
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
266.00 amu  
12
268.00 amu  
10
Atomic Volume
35.10 cm3/mol  
7
22.80 cm3/mol  
17
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Nobelium
  
Rutherfordium
  
Next Element
Rutherfordium
  
Seaborgium
  
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
0.00 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
530.00 pm  
14
-  
Lattice Angles
-  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.60  
22
1.63  
14
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
15.00 g/cm3  
22
29.30 g/cm3  
5
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.60 g/cm3  
20
29.30 g/cm3  
6
Tensile Strength
80.00 MPa  
29
0.10 MPa  
99+
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
22
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
30
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
30.00 GPa  
27
34.00 GPa  
22
Bulk Modulus
15.00 GPa  
99+
39.00 GPa  
39
Young's Modulus
210.00 GPa  
10
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.32  
12
0.39  
5
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
15.60  
22
39.00  
3
Magnetic Ordering
-  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
13
0.00 H/m  
17
Susceptibility
0.00  
23
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
-  
-  
Resistivity
8.37 nΩ·m  
99+
6.80 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
-  
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.22 J/(kg K)  
29
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
29.30 J/mol·K  
11
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
0.00 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K  
99+
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
8.50 µm/(m·K)  
99+
13.20 µm/(m·K)  
37
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
341.90 kJ/mol  
37
289.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
-  
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
580.00 kJ/mol  
14
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
54.80 J/mol.K  
35
55.00 J/mol.K  
34
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