1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.3 Block
1.4 Element Family
Probably Post-Transition
Alkali
1.5 CAS Number
541007197440177
7429905
54386242
1.6 Space Group Name
1.7 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
Not Available
- Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
- Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
2.3 Sources
Synthetically Produced
Obtained from Lithium Production.
2.4 History
2.4.1 Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
2.5.1 Discovery
2.6 Abundance
2.6.1 Abundance In Universe
2.6.2 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.000003 %
1E-08
0.1
2.8.1 Abundance In Meteorites
3.3.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.4.3 Abundance In Oceans
3.4.4 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Livermorium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
- Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
4.1.2 Medical Uses
4.1.3 Other Uses
Research Purposes
Alloys, Research Purposes
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
NA2.49 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
4.2.5 In Bone
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
5.2 Boiling Point
6.3 Appearance
6.3.1 Physical State
6.3.2 Color
6.3.3 Luster
6.4 Hardness
6.4.1 Mohs Hardness
6.4.3 Brinell Hardness
7.1.1 Vickers Hardness
7.3 Speed of Sound
7.6 Optical Properties
7.6.1 Refractive Index
7.6.2 Reflectivity
7.7 Allotropes
7.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
8.3 Electronegativity
8.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.4.1 Sanderson Electronegativity
8.5.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.5.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
9.2.2 Allen Electronegativity
9.4 Electropositivity
9.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
9.5 Ionization Energies
9.5.1 1st Energy Level
723.60 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
9.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,331.50 kJ/mol2,633.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
9.5.4 3rd Energy Level
2,846.30 kJ/mol3,860.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
9.5.6 4th Energy Level
3,811.20 kJ/mol5,080.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
9.5.8 5th Energy Level
6,078.60 kJ/mol6,850.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
9.5.9 6th Energy Level
NA8,140.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
9.6.2 7th Energy level
NA9,570.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
9.7.2 8th Energy Level
NA13,120.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
9.7.4 9th Energy Level
NA14,500.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
9.7.6 10th Energy Level
NA26,740.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
9.7.8 11th Energy Level
9.7.10 12th Energy Level
9.7.12 13th Energy Level
9.7.14 14th Energy Level
9.7.16 15th Energy Level
9.7.18 16th Energy Level
9.7.20 17th Energy Level
9.7.22 18th Energy Level
9.7.23 19th Energy Level
9.7.25 20th Energy Level
9.7.27 21st Energy Level
9.7.28 22nd Energy Level
9.7.30 23rd Energy Level
9.7.31 24th Energy Level
9.7.33 25th Energy Level
9.7.35 26th Energy Level
9.7.36 27th Energy Level
9.7.38 28th Energy Level
9.7.40 29th Energy Level
9.7.42 30th Energy Level
9.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
NA3.19 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
9.9 Electron Work Function
9.10 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
10 Atomic
10.1 Atomic Number
10.2 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4
[Kr] 5s1
10.3 Crystal Structure
Not Known
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
10.3.1 Crystal Lattice
10.4 Atom
10.4.1 Number of Protons
10.4.4 Number of Neutrons
10.4.7 Number of Electrons
10.5 Radius of an Atom
10.5.1 Atomic Radius
10.6.1 Covalent Radius
10.6.2 Van der Waals Radius
10.8 Atomic Weight
293.00 amu85.47 amu
6.94
294
11.2 Atomic Volume
NA55.90 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
11.6 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
11.6.1 Previous Element
11.6.2 Next Element
11.7 Valence Electron Potential
11.8 Lattice Constant
NA558.50 pm
228.58
891.25
11.9 Lattice Angles
11.10 Lattice C/A Ratio
12 Mechanical
12.1 Density
12.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
12.2.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
12.3 Tensile Strength
12.4 Viscosity
12.6 Vapor Pressure
12.6.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
12.6.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
12.8 Elasticity properties
12.8.1 Shear Modulus
12.10.1 Bulk Modulus
12.11.1 Young's Modulus
12.14 Poisson Ratio
13.2 Other Mechanical Properties
14 Magnetic
14.1 Magnetic Characteristics
14.1.1 Specific Gravity
14.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
14.1.4 Permeability
14.1.5 Susceptibility
14.3 Electrical Properties
14.3.1 Electrical Property
14.3.2 Resistivity
14.5.2 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.08 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
14.5.4 Electron Affinity
15 Thermal
15.1 Specific Heat
15.2 Molar Heat Capacity
NA31.06 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
15.3 Thermal Conductivity
15.4 Critical Temperature
15.6 Thermal Expansion
16.2 Enthalpy
16.2.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA69.20 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
16.2.5 Enthalpy of Fusion
16.3.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
16.4 Standard Molar Entropy
NA76.80 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1