Symbol
Lv
Pb
Group Number
1614
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
76
2
7
👆🏻
Block
p block
p block
Element Family
Probably Post-Transition
Post-Transition
CAS Number
541007197439921
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
-
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
166.00225.00
11
276
👆🏻
Interesting Facts
Livermorium was first synthesized in 2000 by a joint Russian-American research team.
- Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
- The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
Sources
Synthetically Produced
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
-
Discovery
In 2000
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %0.00 %
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
-0.00 %
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %0.00 %
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-0.00 %
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
-0.00 %
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
-0.00 %
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Livermorium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
Industrial Uses
-
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
-
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Research Purposes
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
-
Toxic
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
✔
✘
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.21 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
0.50 p.p.m.30.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
👆🏻
Melting Point
-327.50 °C
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
3,500.00 °C1,740.00 °C
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
-
Gray
Luster
Unknown Luster
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
-1.50
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
350.00 MPa38.00 MPa
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
400.00 MPa38.00 MPa
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
4,600.00 m/s1,190.00 m/s
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.902.02
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
66.00 %5.00 %
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
✔
✘
α Allotropes
-
-
β Allotropes
-
-
γ Allotropes
-
-
Chemical Formula
Lv
Pb
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
535
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
2.001.87
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.902.29
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.901.55
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.902.41
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
1.901.85
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.001.67
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
723.60 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
1,331.50 kJ/mol1,450.50 kJ/mol
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
2,846.30 kJ/mol3,081.50 kJ/mol
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
3,811.20 kJ/mol4,083.00 kJ/mol
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
6,078.60 kJ/mol6,640.00 kJ/mol
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol7,150.00 kJ/mol
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
7,090.00 kJ/mol7,156.00 kJ/mol
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol7,150.00 kJ/mol
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol7,156.00 kJ/mol
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol7,156.00 kJ/mol
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
6,200.00 kJ/mol7,156.00 kJ/mol
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol7,150.00 kJ/mol
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol7,150.00 kJ/mol
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
1,168.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
70,900.00 kJ/mol71,500.00 kJ/mol
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
58,000.00 kJ/mol71,500.00 kJ/mol
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
1,085.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
7,090.00 kJ/mol7,150.00 kJ/mol
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
1,169.70 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
870.00 kJ/mol715.00 kJ/mol
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
370.00 kJ/mol715.00 kJ/mol
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
5,800.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
548.90 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol715.00 kJ/mol
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
709.00 kJ/mol715.00 kJ/mol
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.00 g/amp-hr3.87 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV4.25 eV
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Number
11682
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p4
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
Crystal Structure
Not Known
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
11682
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
160125
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
11682
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
183.00 pm175.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
183.00 pm146.00 pm
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
0.00 pm202.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
293.00 amu207.20 amu
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
22.90 cm3/mol18.17 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
0.00 (-eV)24.20 (-eV)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
362.15 pm495.08 pm
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
-
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.601.51
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Density
Density At Room Temperature
12.90 g/cm311.34 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
12.90 g/cm310.66 g/cm3
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
80.00 MPa12.00 MPa
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.000.00
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)1.64 (Pa)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
28.50 GPa5.60 GPa
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
42.00 GPa46.00 GPa
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
12.50 GPa16.00 GPa
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.300.44
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
-
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
12.0011.35
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Diamagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m0.00 H/m
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
0.000.00
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
-
Poor Conductor
Resistivity
0.50 nΩ·m208.00 nΩ·m
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω0.05 106/cm Ω
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol35.10 kJ/mol
0
222.8
👆🏻
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)0.13 J/(kg K)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K26.65 J/mol·K
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
0.00 W/m·K35.30 W/m·K
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
1,323.00 K600.61 K
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
9.70 µm/(m·K)28.90 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
722.00 kJ/mol179.40 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
-4.77 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
380.50 kJ/mol194.60 kJ/mol
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
50.20 J/mol.K64.80 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1
👆🏻