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Neodymium Zirconium Comparison


Zirconium Neodymium comparison


Periodic Table

Symbol
Nd   
Zr   

Group Number
1   
17
4   
14

Period Number
6   
5   

Block
f block   
d block   

Element Family
Lanthanide   
Transition Metal   

CAS Number
7440008   
99+
7440677   
23

Space Group Name
P63/mmc   
P63/mmc   

Space Group Number
194.00   
5
194.00   
5

Facts

Interesting Facts
  • Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
  • Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.
  
  • Zirconium metal can resist to weak acids.
  • Zirconium metal reacts with oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere.
  

Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   

History
  
  

Who Discovered
Carl Auer von Welsbach   
Martin Heinrich Klaproth   

Discovery
In 1885   
In 1789   

Abundance
  
  

Abundance In Universe
1 * 10-6 %   
16
5 * 10-6 %   
13

Abundance In Sun
~0.0000003 %   
24
~0.000004 %   
16

Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %   
30
0.00 %   
17

Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
20
0.01 %   
14

Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
30
0.00 %   
23

Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
15

Uses

Uses & Benefits
  • Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
  • It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.
  
  • As this metal does not absorb neutrons; It is used in nuclear power stations.
  • Its oxide is used in ultra strong ceramics. It is also used in manufacturing Crucibles.
  

Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   

Medical Uses
NA   
NA   

Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes   

Biological Properties
  
  

Toxicity
Non Toxic   
NA   

Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   

In Blood
Not Available   
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3   
21

In Bone
Not Available   
0.10 p.p.m.   
23

Physical Properties

Melting Point
1,010.00 °C   
99+
1,852.00 °C   
15

Boiling Point
3,127.00 °C   
28
4,377.00 °C   
11

Appearance
  
  

Physical State
Solid   
Solid   

Color
Silvery White   
Silvery White   

Luster
Metallic   
Lustrous   

Hardness
  
  

Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
5.00   
8

Brinell Hardness
265.00 MPa   
35
638.00 MPa   
19

Vickers Hardness
345.00 MPa   
27
820.00 MPa   
15

Speed of Sound
2,330.00 m/s   
38
3,800.00 m/s   
20

Optical Properties
  
  

Allotropes
No   
No   

α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   

Chemical Properties

Chemical Formula
Nd   
Zr   

Isotopes
  
  

Known Isotopes
30   
9
24   
15

Electronegativity
  
  

Pauling Electronegativity
1.14   
99+
1.33   
30

Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
0.90   
25

Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.07   
32
1.22   
26

Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.32   
34

Electropositivity
  
  

Pauling Electropositivity
2.86   
13
2.67   
24

Ionization Energies
  
  

1st Energy Level
533.10 kJ/mol   
99+
640.10 kJ/mol   
99+

2nd Energy Level
1,040.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,270.00 kJ/mol   
99+

3rd Energy Level
2,130.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,218.00 kJ/mol   
99+

4th Energy Level
3,900.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,313.00 kJ/mol   
99+

5th Energy Level
Not Available   
7,752.00 kJ/mol   
10

6th Energy Level
Not Available   
9,500.00 kJ/mol   
15

Electrochemical Equivalent
1.79 g/amp-hr   
37
0.85 g/amp-hr   
99+

Electron Work Function
3.20 eV   
34
4.05 eV   
26

Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization   
Anti Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   

Atomic Properties

Atomic Number
60   
99+
40   
99+

Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f4 6s2   
[Kr] 4d2 5s2   

Crystal Structure
Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   

Crystal Lattice
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Neodymium.jpg#100   
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zirconium.jpg#100   

Atom
  
  

Number of Protons
60   
99+
40   
99+

Number of Neutrons
84   
40
51   
99+

Number of Electrons
60   
99+
40   
99+

Radius of an Atom
  
  

Atomic Radius
181.00 pm   
13
160.00 pm   
27

Covalent Radius
201.00 pm   
10
175.00 pm   
23

Van der Waals Radius
229.00 pm   
20
200.00 pm   
28

Atomic Weight
144.24 amu   
99+
91.22 amu   
99+

Atomic Volume
20.60 cm3/mol   
18
14.10 cm3/mol   
36

Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  

Previous Element
Yttrium
  

Next Element
Promethium
  
Niobium
  

Valence Electron Potential
43.40 (-eV)   
99+
80.00 (-eV)   
18

Lattice Constant
365.80 pm   
30
323.20 pm   
99+

Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3   

Lattice C/A Ratio
1.61   
4
1.59   
8

Mechanical Properties

Density
  
  

Density At Room Temperature
7.01 g/cm3   
99+
6.52 g/cm3   
99+

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.89 g/cm3   
36
5.80 g/cm3   
99+

Tensile Strength
Not Available   
330.00 MPa   
12

Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure
  
  

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
21
Not Available   

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
101.00 (Pa)   
2
0.00 (Pa)   
21

Elasticity properties
  
  

Shear Modulus
16.30 GPa   
38
33.00 GPa   
20

Bulk Modulus
31.80 GPa   
37
91.10 GPa   
17

Young's Modulus
41.40 GPa   
40
88.00 GPa   
22

Poisson Ratio
0.28   
16
0.34   
10

Other Mechanical Properties
NA   
Ductile, Malleable   

Magnetic Properties

Magnetic Characteristics
  
  

Specific Gravity
7.00   
99+
6.51   
99+

Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   

Electrical Properties
  
  

Electrical Property
NA   
Conductor   

Resistivity
643.00 nΩ·m   
6
421.00 nΩ·m   
11

Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.02 106/cm Ω   
99+

Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol   
21
41.10 kJ/mol   
27

Thermal Properties

Specific Heat
0.19 J/(kg K)   
32
0.27 J/(kg K)   
19

Molar Heat Capacity
27.45 J/mol·K   
17
25.36 J/mol·K   
99+

Thermal Conductivity
16.50 W/m·K   
99+
22.60 W/m·K   
99+

Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   

Thermal Expansion
9.60 µm/(m·K)   
99+
5.70 µm/(m·K)   
99+

Enthalpy
  
  

Enthalpy of Vaporization
273.00 kJ/mol   
34
581.60 kJ/mol   
9

Enthalpy of Fusion
7.14 kJ/mol   
99+
20.90 kJ/mol   
11

Enthalpy of Atomization
322.00 kJ/mol   
32
598.00 kJ/mol   
10

Standard Molar Entropy
71.50 J/mol.K   
13
39.00 J/mol.K   
39

Summary >>
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