Symbol
Zr
Group Number
4
Rank: 14 (Overall)
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
5
Rank: 3 (Overall)
2
7
👆🏻
Block
d block
Element Family
Transition Metal
CAS Number
7440677
Rank: 23 (Overall)
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
Rank: 7 (Overall)
11
276
👆🏻
Interesting Facts
- Zirconium metal can resist to weak acids.
- Zirconium metal reacts with oxygen and nitrogen in the atmosphere.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Martin Heinrich Klaproth
Discovery
In 1789
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %
Rank: 14 (Overall)
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %
Rank: 16 (Overall)
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
Rank: 17 (Overall)
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.01 %
Rank: 14 (Overall)
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
Rank: 23 (Overall)
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
Rank: 18 (Overall)
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses & Benefits
- As this metal does not absorb neutrons; It is used in nuclear power stations.
- Its oxide is used in ultra strong ceramics. It is also used in manufacturing Crucibles.
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
Medical Uses
-
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
-
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
60% - Transition Metals Metals have it !
In Blood
0.01 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 21 (Overall)
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
0.10 p.p.m.
Rank: 28 (Overall)
0
170000
👆🏻
Melting Point
1,852.00 °C
Rank: 15 (Overall)
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
4,377.00 °C
Rank: 11 (Overall)
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Luster
Lustrous
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
5.00
Rank: 8 (Overall)
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
638.00 MPa
Rank: 21 (Overall)
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
820.00 MPa
Rank: 22 (Overall)
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
3,800.00 m/s
Rank: 27 (Overall)
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
2.15
Rank: 10 (Overall)
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
70.00 %
Rank: 13 (Overall)
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
6% - Transition Metals Metals
α Allotropes
-
β Allotropes
-
γ Allotropes
-
Chemical Formula
Zr
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
24
Rank: 15 (Overall)
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.33
Rank: 31 (Overall)
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
0.90
Rank: 44 (Overall)
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22
Rank: 27 (Overall)
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.33
Rank: 32 (Overall)
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
1.32
Rank: 39 (Overall)
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.67
Rank: 24 (Overall)
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
640.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 44 (Overall)
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
1,270.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 55 (Overall)
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
2,218.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 65 (Overall)
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
3,313.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 70 (Overall)
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
7,752.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 16 (Overall)
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
9,500.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 21 (Overall)
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
6,400.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 45 (Overall)
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
6,400.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 43 (Overall)
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
6,400.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 40 (Overall)
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
5,730.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 61 (Overall)
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
6,406.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 44 (Overall)
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
6,400.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 58 (Overall)
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
6,400.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 36 (Overall)
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
640.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 84 (Overall)
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
64,000.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 36 (Overall)
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
64,000.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 27 (Overall)
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
640.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 48 (Overall)
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
6,400.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 38 (Overall)
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
640.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 44 (Overall)
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
640.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 39 (Overall)
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
640.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 58 (Overall)
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
640.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 33 (Overall)
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
640.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 58 (Overall)
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
640.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 35 (Overall)
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
640.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 37 (Overall)
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
640.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 36 (Overall)
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
640.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 38 (Overall)
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
640.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 43 (Overall)
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
640.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 44 (Overall)
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
640.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 39 (Overall)
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
0.85 g/amp-hr
Rank: 67 (Overall)
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
4.05 eV
Rank: 34 (Overall)
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Atomic Number
40
Rank: 72 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d2 5s2
Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
40
Rank: 71 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
51
Rank: 55 (Overall)
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
40
Rank: 71 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
160.00 pm
Rank: 29 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
175.00 pm
Rank: 25 (Overall)
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
Rank: 35 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
91.22 amu
Rank: 66 (Overall)
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
14.10 cm3/mol
Rank: 52 (Overall)
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
80.00 (-eV)
Rank: 18 (Overall)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
323.20 pm
Rank: 60 (Overall)
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.59
Rank: 25 (Overall)
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Density
Density At Room Temperature
6.52 g/cm3
Rank: 69 (Overall)
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
5.80 g/cm3
Rank: 74 (Overall)
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
330.00 MPa
Rank: 14 (Overall)
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.00
Rank: 12 (Overall)
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 37 (Overall)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 21 (Overall)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
33.00 GPa
Rank: 23 (Overall)
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
91.10 GPa
Rank: 18 (Overall)
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
88.00 GPa
Rank: 24 (Overall)
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.34
Rank: 10 (Overall)
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
6.51
Rank: 67 (Overall)
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
Rank: 17 (Overall)
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
0.00
Rank: 24 (Overall)
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Resistivity
421.00 nΩ·m
Rank: 11 (Overall)
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.02 106/cm Ω
Rank: 46 (Overall)
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
41.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 32 (Overall)
0
222.8
👆🏻
Specific Heat
0.27 J/(kg K)
Rank: 19 (Overall)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K
Rank: 50 (Overall)
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
22.60 W/m·K
Rank: 43 (Overall)
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
2,128.00 K
Rank: 17 (Overall)
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
5.70 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 70 (Overall)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
581.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 11 (Overall)
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
20.90 kJ/mol
Rank: 11 (Overall)
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
598.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 12 (Overall)
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
39.00 J/mol.K
Rank: 54 (Overall)
9.5
198.1
👆🏻