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Neodymium
Neodymium




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Nd Element

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Periodic Table

Symbol

-

Group Number

1
Rank: 17 (Overall)
0 17
👆🏻

Period Number

6
Rank: 2 (Overall)
2 7
👆🏻

Block

f block

Element Family

Lanthanide

CAS Number

7440008
Rank: 78 (Overall)
7429905 54386242
👆🏻

Space Group Name

P63/mmc

Space Group Number

194.00
Rank: 7 (Overall)
11 276
👆🏻

Facts

Interesting Facts

  • Neodymium is not found free in nature, hence it is not a native metal.
  • Neodymium metal found in minerals like Monazite and Bastnaesite.

Sources

Found in Minerals, Mining

History

Who Discovered

Carl Auer von Welsbach

Discovery

In 1885

Abundance

Abundance In Universe

0.00 %
Rank: 17 (Overall)
0 0.11
👆🏻

Abundance In Sun

0.00 %
Rank: 24 (Overall)
0 0.1
👆🏻

Abundance In Meteorites

0.00 %
Rank: 30 (Overall)
0 22
👆🏻

Abundance In Earth's Crust

0.00 %
Rank: 20 (Overall)
1E-37 8.1
👆🏻

Abundance In Oceans

0.00 %
Rank: 30 (Overall)
0 1.1
👆🏻

Abundance In Humans

0.00 %
Rank: 24 (Overall)
0 1.4
👆🏻

Uses

Uses & Benefits

  • Neodymium-Iron-boron alloy is used to make permanent magnets.
  • It is used in microphones, Mp3 player, loudspeakers, mobile phones, etc.

Industrial Uses

Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry

Medical Uses

-

Other Uses

Alloys

Biological Properties

Toxicity

Non Toxic

Present in Human Body

27% - Lanthanide Series Metals

In Blood

0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 34 (Overall)
0 1970
👆🏻

In Bone

0.00 p.p.m.
Rank: 41 (Overall)
0 170000
👆🏻

Physical

Melting Point

1,010.00 °C
Rank: 44 (Overall)
-38.83 3410
👆🏻

Boiling Point

3,127.00 °C
Rank: 29 (Overall)
0 5660
👆🏻

Appearance

Physical State

Solid

Color

Silvery White

Luster

Metallic

Hardness

Mohs Hardness

7.00
Rank: 3 (Overall)
0.2 8.5
👆🏻

Brinell Hardness

265.00 MPa
Rank: 43 (Overall)
0.14 3490
👆🏻

Vickers Hardness

345.00 MPa
Rank: 44 (Overall)
0 3920
👆🏻

Speed of Sound

2,330.00 m/s
Rank: 55 (Overall)
818 16200
👆🏻

Optical Properties

Refractive Index

1.64
Rank: 30 (Overall)
0.155 3.41
👆🏻

Reflectivity

80.00 %
Rank: 7 (Overall)
5 97
👆🏻

Allotropes

No - Lanthanide Series Metals has it !

α Allotropes

-

β Allotropes

-

γ Allotropes

-

Chemical

Chemical Formula

-

Isotopes

Known Isotopes

30
Rank: 9 (Overall)
0 38
👆🏻

Electronegativity

Pauling Electronegativity

1.14
Rank: 42 (Overall)
0 2.6
👆🏻

Sanderson Electronegativity

1.14
Rank: 35 (Overall)
0.22 2.56
👆🏻

Allred Rochow Electronegativity

1.07
Rank: 33 (Overall)
0.86 1.9
👆🏻

Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

1.14
Rank: 41 (Overall)
0.62 2.48
👆🏻

Allen Electronegativity

1.14
Rank: 52 (Overall)
0.659 2.7
👆🏻

Electropositivity

Pauling Electropositivity

2.86
Rank: 13 (Overall)
1.46 3.3
👆🏻

Ionization Energies

1st Energy Level

533.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 77 (Overall)
375.7 26130
👆🏻

2nd Energy Level

1,040.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 80 (Overall)
392.8 28750
👆🏻

3rd Energy Level

2,130.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 72 (Overall)
392.8 34230
👆🏻

4th Energy Level

3,900.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 52 (Overall)
375.7 37066
👆🏻

5th Energy Level

5,330.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 67 (Overall)
392 97510
👆🏻

6th Energy Level

5,330.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 81 (Overall)
1007 105800
👆🏻

7th Energy level

5,331.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 73 (Overall)
1007 114300
👆🏻

8th Energy Level

5,360.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 70 (Overall)
730 125300
👆🏻

9th Energy Level

5,330.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 70 (Overall)
1007 134700
👆🏻

10th Energy Level

5,330.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 69 (Overall)
392 144300
👆🏻

11th Energy Level

5,330.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 74 (Overall)
392 169988
👆🏻

12th Energy Level

5,330.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 77 (Overall)
0 189368
👆🏻

13th Energy Level

5,330.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 65 (Overall)
1007 76015
👆🏻

14th Energy Level

533.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 88 (Overall)
380 86450
👆🏻

15th Energy Level

53,300.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 66 (Overall)
33000 100700
👆🏻

16th Energy Level

533.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 83 (Overall)
375.7 109480
👆🏻

17th Energy Level

533.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 82 (Overall)
375.7 122200
👆🏻

18th Energy Level

5,331.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 68 (Overall)
0 134810
👆🏻

19th Energy Level

533.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 81 (Overall)
375.7 148700
👆🏻

20th Energy Level

536.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 70 (Overall)
0 171200
👆🏻

21st Energy Level

533.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 81 (Overall)
375.7 179100
👆🏻

22nd Energy Level

533.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 65 (Overall)
330 184900
👆🏻

23rd Energy Level

5,331.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 27 (Overall)
357.6 198800
👆🏻

24th Energy Level

533.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 76 (Overall)
297.3 195200
👆🏻

25th Energy Level

533.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 69 (Overall)
0 121900
👆🏻

26th Energy Level

533.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 77 (Overall)
357.6 127700
👆🏻

27th Energy Level

533.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 72 (Overall)
0 133800
👆🏻

28th Energy Level

533.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 75 (Overall)
297.3 139800
👆🏻

29th Energy Level

533.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 78 (Overall)
0 148100
👆🏻

30th Energy Level

533.10 kJ/mol
Rank: 72 (Overall)
0 154500
👆🏻

Electrochemical Equivalent

1.79 g/amp-hr
Rank: 41 (Overall)
0.16812 8.3209
👆🏻

Electron Work Function

3.20 eV
Rank: 45 (Overall)
2.14 6
👆🏻

Other Chemical Properties

Chemical Stability, Corrosion, Flammable, Ionization

Atomic

Atomic Number

60
Rank: 56 (Overall)
3 117
👆🏻

Electron Configuration

[Xe] 4f4 6s2

Crystal Structure

Double Hexagonal Close Packed (DHCP)

Crystal Lattice

Atom

Number of Protons

60
Rank: 55 (Overall)
3 117
👆🏻

Number of Neutrons

84
Rank: 41 (Overall)
4 285
👆🏻

Number of Electrons

60
Rank: 55 (Overall)
3 117
👆🏻

Radius of an Atom

Atomic Radius

181.00 pm
Rank: 15 (Overall)
0 348
👆🏻

Covalent Radius

201.00 pm
Rank: 10 (Overall)
0 260
👆🏻

Van der Waals Radius

229.00 pm
Rank: 25 (Overall)
0 348
👆🏻

Atomic Weight

144.24 amu
Rank: 50 (Overall)
6.94 294
👆🏻

Atomic Volume

20.60 cm3/mol
Rank: 28 (Overall)
1.39 71.07
👆🏻

Adjacent Atomic Numbers

Previous Element

Next Element

Valence Electron Potential

43.40 (-eV)
Rank: 42 (Overall)
0 392.42
👆🏻

Lattice Constant

365.80 pm
Rank: 33 (Overall)
0 891.25
👆🏻

Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

Lattice C/A Ratio

1.61
Rank: 18 (Overall)
0.423 1.9
👆🏻

Mechanical

Density

Density At Room Temperature

7.01 g/cm3
Rank: 66 (Overall)
0.534 40.7
👆🏻

Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

6.89 g/cm3
Rank: 65 (Overall)
0.512 41
👆🏻

Tensile Strength

345.00 MPa
Rank: 13 (Overall)
0.1 11000
👆🏻

Viscosity

0.00
Rank: 25 (Overall)
1.5E-05 0.0035
👆🏻

Vapor Pressure

Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 23 (Overall)
0 121
👆🏻

Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

101.00 (Pa)
Rank: 2 (Overall)
0 774
👆🏻

Elasticity properties

Shear Modulus

16.30 GPa
Rank: 48 (Overall)
1.3 222
👆🏻

Bulk Modulus

31.80 GPa
Rank: 48 (Overall)
0 462
👆🏻

Young's Modulus

41.40 GPa
Rank: 44 (Overall)
0 528
👆🏻

Poisson Ratio

0.28
Rank: 16 (Overall)
0.032 0.47
👆🏻

Other Mechanical Properties

-

Magnetic

Magnetic Characteristics

Specific Gravity

7.00
Rank: 63 (Overall)
0.53 4500
👆🏻

Magnetic Ordering

Paramagnetic

Permeability

0.00 H/m
Rank: 7 (Overall)
1.25643E-06 0.0063
👆🏻

Susceptibility

0.00
Rank: 9 (Overall)
-0.000166 200000
👆🏻

Electrical Properties

Electrical Property

-

Resistivity

643.00 nΩ·m
Rank: 6 (Overall)
0.1 961
👆🏻

Electrical Conductivity

0.02 106/cm Ω
Rank: 53 (Overall)
0 0.63
👆🏻

Electron Affinity

50.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 26 (Overall)
0 222.8
👆🏻

Thermal

Specific Heat

0.19 J/(kg K)
Rank: 33 (Overall)
0.1 3.6
👆🏻

Molar Heat Capacity

27.45 J/mol·K
Rank: 22 (Overall)
13.1 62.7
👆🏻

Thermal Conductivity

16.50 W/m·K
Rank: 51 (Overall)
0 429
👆🏻

Critical Temperature

1,297.00 K
Rank: 49 (Overall)
26.3 3695
👆🏻

Thermal Expansion

9.60 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 55 (Overall)
4.5 97
👆🏻

Enthalpy

Enthalpy of Vaporization

273.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 54 (Overall)
7.32 799.1
👆🏻

Enthalpy of Fusion

7.14 kJ/mol
Rank: 52 (Overall)
2.1 35.23
👆🏻

Enthalpy of Atomization

322.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 42 (Overall)
61.5 837
👆🏻

Standard Molar Entropy

71.50 J/mol.K
Rank: 13 (Overall)
9.5 198.1
👆🏻