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Neptunium vs Bohrium

Neptunium
Bohrium
Bohrium vs Neptunium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Np  
Bh  
Group Number
3  
15
7  
11
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Transition Metal  
CAS Number
7439998  
99+
54037148  
12
Space Group Name
Pnma  
-  
Space Group Number
62.00  
14
276.00  
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
Neptunium was the first transuranium element to be discovered.  
  • Bohrium metal is also known as Unnilseptium (Uns) and Nielsbohrium (Ns).
  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons, Ores of metals  
Found in Minerals, Mining, Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Edwin McMillan and Philip H. Abelson  
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Discovery
In 1940  
In 1981  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
40
0.00 %  
37
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
0.00 %  
99+
Abundance In Oceans
-  
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Neptunium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  • Neptunium’s isotope neptunium-237 is used as a neutron detectors.
  
  • Currently known uses of Bohrium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
640.00 °C  
99+
-  
Boiling Point
3,902.00 °C  
13
0.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
6.00  
6
7.00  
3
Brinell Hardness
622.00 MPa  
23
270.00 MPa  
99+
Vickers Hardness
640.00 MPa  
23
2,700.00 MPa  
4
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s  
99+
2,680.00 m/s  
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.30  
99+
1.50  
36
Reflectivity
64.00 %  
19
59.00 %  
24
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Np  
Bh  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20  
19
5  
32
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.36  
30
2.00  
8
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.36  
23
1.30  
25
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22  
27
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.36  
31
1.30  
33
Allen Electronegativity
1.36  
37
2.00  
6
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.64  
25
2.00  
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
742.90 kJ/mol  
23
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,688.50 kJ/mol  
31
3rd Energy Level
1,997.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,566.50 kJ/mol  
99+
4th Energy Level
3,242.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,598.90 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,727.80 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,785.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,991.70 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
6,040.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,226.80 kJ/mol  
34
8th Energy Level
6,040.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
33
9th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
35
11th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
25
12th Energy Level
61,800.00 kJ/mol  
13
82,700.00 kJ/mol  
4
13th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
40
7,100.00 kJ/mol  
29
14th Energy Level
6,180.00 kJ/mol  
29
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
17
15th Energy Level
60,600.00 kJ/mol  
99+
82,000.00 kJ/mol  
14
16th Energy Level
60,420.00 kJ/mol  
31
71,100.00 kJ/mol  
20
17th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
31
18th Energy Level
6,040.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
20
19th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
820.80 kJ/mol  
28
20th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
21
21st Energy Level
6,040.00 kJ/mol  
17
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
11
22nd Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
40
820.00 kJ/mol  
16
23rd Energy Level
6,040.00 kJ/mol  
18
8,200.00 kJ/mol  
8
24th Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
12
25th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
26th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
27th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
9
28th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
15
29th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
14
30th Energy Level
604.00 kJ/mol  
99+
820.00 kJ/mol  
10
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV  
12
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility  
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes  
Atomic
Atomic Number
93  
25
107  
11
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d5 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)  
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)  
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Neptunium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
93  
25
107  
11
Number of Neutrons
144  
15
155  
9
Number of Electrons
93  
25
107  
11
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
155.00 pm  
32
128.00 pm  
99+
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm  
18
141.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm  
27
0.00 pm  
99+
Atomic Weight
237.00 amu  
22
270.00 amu  
8
Atomic Volume
11.62 cm3/mol  
99+
23.70 cm3/mol  
14
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Uranium
  
Seaborgium
  
Next Element
Plutonium
  
Hassium
  
Valence Electron Potential
96.00 (-eV)  
9
27.20 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
666.30 pm  
3
-  
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.43  
99+
1.57  
99+
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.38 g/cm3  
14
37.10 g/cm3  
3
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
20.25 g/cm3  
10
37.10 g/cm3  
3
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa  
26
152.00 MPa  
24
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.11 (Pa)  
17
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
5.60 GPa  
99+
28.00 GPa  
32
Bulk Modulus
180.00 GPa  
9
37.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
46.00 GPa  
99+
0.00 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.26  
22
0.35  
9
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
20.25  
15
37.00  
5
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
6
0.00 H/m  
11
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
1.22 nΩ·m  
99+
6.50 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω  
99+
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
118.60 kJ/mol  
6
-  
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.10 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
29.46 J/mol·K  
10
37.10 J/mol·K  
2
Thermal Conductivity
6.30 W/m·K  
99+
37.00 W/m·K  
36
Critical Temperature
913.00 K  
99+
1,323.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
13.30 µm/(m·K)  
35
14.30 µm/(m·K)  
28
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
336.00 kJ/mol  
39
270.50 kJ/mol  
99+
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.20 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
275.30 kJ/mol  
99+
-  
Standard Molar Entropy
64.00 J/mol.K  
21
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
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