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Neptunium vs Plutonium

Neptunium
Plutonium
Plutonium vs Neptunium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Np   
Pu   
Group Number
Not Available   
0   
18
Period Number
7   
7   
Block
f block   
f block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Actinide   
CAS Number
7439998   
99+
7440075   
99+
Space Group Name
Pnma   
P121/m1   
Space Group Number
62.00   
11
11.00   
13
Facts
Interesting Facts
Not Available   
  • Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
  • Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
  
Sources
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons, Ores of metals   
Mining, Ores of metals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Edwin McMillan and Philip H. Abelson   
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan   
Discovery
In 1940   
In Between 1940 1941   
Abundance
  
  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Neptunium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  • Neptunium’s isotope neptunium-237 is used as a neutron detectors.
  
  • Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
  • It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
640.00 °C   
99+
639.50 °C   
99+
Boiling Point
3,902.00 °C   
13
3,235.00 °C   
24
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Silvery White   
Luster
Metallic   
NA   
Hardness
  
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
2,260.00 m/s   
99+
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Np   
Pu   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20   
19
20   
19
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.36   
29
1.28   
33
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22   
26
1.22   
26
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.64   
25
2.72   
21
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
604.50 kJ/mol   
99+
584.70 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,997.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,084.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
3,242.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,338.00 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.77 g/amp-hr   
39
2.28 g/amp-hr   
22
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility   
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
93   
25
94   
24
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f4 6d1 7s2   
[Rn] 5f6 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Orthorhombic (ORTH)   
Monoclinic (MON)   
Crystal Lattice
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Neptunium.jpg#100   
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
93   
25
94   
24
Number of Neutrons
144   
14
150   
11
Number of Electrons
93   
25
94   
24
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
155.00 pm   
30
159.00 pm   
28
Covalent Radius
190.00 pm   
18
187.00 pm   
20
Van der Waals Radius
221.00 pm   
22
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
237.00 amu   
22
244.00 amu   
19
Atomic Volume
11.62 cm3/mol   
99+
12.32 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Uranium
  
Neptunium
  
Next Element
Plutonium
  
Americium
  
Valence Electron Potential
96.00 (-eV)   
9
64.90 (-eV)   
21
Lattice Constant
666.30 pm   
3
618.30 pm   
4
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.38 g/cm3   
14
19.82 g/cm3   
13
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
Not Available   
16.63 g/cm3   
8
Tensile Strength
125.00 MPa   
14
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available   
0.00 (Pa)   
26
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.11 (Pa)   
17
2.20 (Pa)   
12
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
Not Available   
43.00 GPa   
18
Young's Modulus
Not Available   
96.00 GPa   
21
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
0.21   
32
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile   
Ductile, Malleable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
20.25   
6
19.84   
7
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Poor Conductor   
Resistivity
1.22 nΩ·m   
99+
1.46 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
Molar Heat Capacity
29.46 J/mol·K   
8
35.50 J/mol·K   
3
Thermal Conductivity
6.30 W/m·K   
99+
6.74 W/m·K   
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
Not Available   
46.70 µm/(m·K)   
6
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
Not Available   
344.00 kJ/mol   
25
Enthalpy of Fusion
3.20 kJ/mol   
99+
2.82 kJ/mol   
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
Not Available   
360.00 kJ/mol   
26
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
Not Available   
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