1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.4 Period Number
1.6 Block
1.7 Element Family
Probably Post-Transition
Transition Metal
1.8 CAS Number
540847077440031
7429905
54386242
1.11 Space Group Name
1.12 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
Not Available
- Niobium metal was used to get called Columbium in past.
- Niobium metal found freely in nature (abundance).
2.2 Sources
Synthetically Produced
By-product of Tin Extraction, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Charles Hatchett
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000004 %
1E-08
0.1
2.7.1 Abundance In Meteorites
3.1.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.3.2 Abundance In Oceans
4.1.2 Abundance In Humans
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Ununtrium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- Niobium alloys are used in jet engines and rockets and spacecraft, beams and girders for buildings and oil and gas pipelines.
- It is used superconducting magnets in particles accelerators, NMR and MRI equipment.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
5.1.2 Medical Uses
5.1.3 Other Uses
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
NA0.01 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
5.4.1 In Bone
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
430.00 °C2,468.00 °C
27
3410
6.4 Boiling Point
1,130.00 °C2,468.00 °C
147
5660
6.7 Appearance
6.7.1 Physical State
6.7.2 Color
6.7.3 Luster
6.8 Hardness
6.8.1 Mohs Hardness
6.8.4 Brinell Hardness
6.11.1 Vickers Hardness
7.2 Speed of Sound
8.3 Optical Properties
8.3.1 Refractive Index
8.3.4 Reflectivity
8.5 Allotropes
8.5.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.5.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8.5.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
9 Chemical
9.1 Chemical Formula
9.2 Isotopes
9.2.1 Known Isotopes
9.3 Electronegativity
9.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
9.3.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
10.1.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
10.2.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
11.2.1 Allen Electronegativity
11.4 Electropositivity
11.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
11.7 Ionization Energies
11.7.1 1st Energy Level
704.90 kJ/mol652.10 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
11.8.1 2nd Energy Level
2,238.50 kJ/mol1,380.00 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
11.9.1 3rd Energy Level
3,023.30 kJ/mol2,416.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
11.11.1 4th Energy Level
4,351.50 kJ/mol3,700.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
11.11.3 5th Energy Level
5,692.60 kJ/mol4,877.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
11.12.2 6th Energy Level
NA9,847.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
11.12.4 7th Energy level
NA12,100.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
11.12.6 8th Energy Level
11.13.1 9th Energy Level
11.13.3 10th Energy Level
11.14.1 11th Energy Level
11.14.2 12th Energy Level
11.14.3 13th Energy Level
11.14.4 14th Energy Level
11.14.5 15th Energy Level
11.14.6 16th Energy Level
11.14.7 17th Energy Level
11.14.8 18th Energy Level
11.14.9 19th Energy Level
11.14.10 20th Energy Level
11.14.11 21st Energy Level
11.14.12 22nd Energy Level
11.14.13 23rd Energy Level
11.14.14 24th Energy Level
11.14.15 25th Energy Level
11.14.16 26th Energy Level
11.14.17 27th Energy Level
11.14.18 28th Energy Level
11.14.19 29th Energy Level
11.14.20 30th Energy Level
11.15 Electrochemical Equivalent
NA0.69 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
11.16 Electron Work Function
11.17 Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
12 Atomic
12.1 Atomic Number
12.2 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p1
[Kr] 4d4 5s1
12.3 Crystal Structure
Not Known
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
12.3.1 Crystal Lattice
12.4 Atom
12.4.1 Number of Protons
12.4.2 Number of Neutrons
12.4.3 Number of Electrons
12.5 Radius of an Atom
12.5.1 Atomic Radius
12.5.2 Covalent Radius
12.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
12.6 Atomic Weight
286.00 amu92.91 amu
6.94
294
12.7 Atomic Volume
NA10.87 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
12.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
12.8.1 Previous Element
12.8.2 Next Element
12.9 Valence Electron Potential
12.10 Lattice Constant
NA330.04 pm
228.58
891.25
12.11 Lattice Angles
12.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
13 Mechanical
13.1 Density
13.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
16.00 g/cm38.57 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
13.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
13.2 Tensile Strength
13.3 Viscosity
13.4 Vapor Pressure
13.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
13.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
13.5 Elasticity properties
13.5.1 Shear Modulus
13.5.2 Bulk Modulus
13.5.3 Young's Modulus
13.6 Poisson Ratio
13.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown
Ductile, Malleable
14 Magnetic
14.1 Magnetic Characteristics
14.1.1 Specific Gravity
14.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
14.1.3 Permeability
14.1.4 Susceptibility
14.2 Electrical Properties
14.2.1 Electrical Property
14.2.2 Resistivity
14.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.07 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
14.2.4 Electron Affinity
15 Thermal
15.1 Specific Heat
15.2 Molar Heat Capacity
NA24.60 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
15.3 Thermal Conductivity
15.4 Critical Temperature
15.5 Thermal Expansion
15.6 Enthalpy
15.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA696.60 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
15.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
15.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
15.7 Standard Molar Entropy
NA36.40 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1