Symbol
Nh
Rb
Group Number
131
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
75
2
7
👆🏻
Block
p block
s block
Element Family
Probably Post-Transition
Alkali
CAS Number
540847077440177
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
-
Im_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00229.00
11
276
👆🏻
Interesting Facts
Nihonium is a synthetic chemical element and is highly radioactive.
- Rubidium metal is 16th most common element found in the earth crust.
- Rubidium metal also found in minerals as well as seawater.
Sources
Synthetically Produced
Obtained from Lithium Production.
History
Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
Discovery
In 2003
In 1861
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %0.00 %
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
-0.00 %
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
-0.00 %
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-0.01 %
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
-0.00 %
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
-0.00 %
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Ununtrium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- Rubidium's main application is in the glass manufacturing.
- Rubidium can very easily get ionized and hence it is used for ion engines, but it is still less efficient than that of Caesium.
Industrial Uses
-
-
Medical Uses
-
-
Other Uses
Research Purposes
Alloys, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
-
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
✔
✘
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-32.49 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
0.20 p.p.m.5.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
👆🏻
Melting Point
430.00 °C38.89 °C
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
1,130.00 °C688.00 °C
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
-
Grayish White
Luster
Unknown Luster
-
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
-0.30
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
600.00 MPa0.22 MPa
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
350.00 MPa0.22 MPa
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
3,600.00 m/s1,300.00 m/s
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.301.54
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
60.00 %52.00 %
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
✔
✘
α Allotropes
-
-
β Allotropes
-
-
γ Allotropes
-
-
Chemical Formula
Nh
Rb
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
729
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.300.82
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.900.31
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.300.89
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.000.69
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
0.700.71
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.203.18
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
704.90 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
2,238.50 kJ/mol2,633.00 kJ/mol
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
3,023.30 kJ/mol3,860.00 kJ/mol
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
4,351.50 kJ/mol5,080.00 kJ/mol
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
5,692.60 kJ/mol6,850.00 kJ/mol
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
7,000.00 kJ/mol8,140.00 kJ/mol
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
7,040.00 kJ/mol9,570.00 kJ/mol
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
7,040.00 kJ/mol13,120.00 kJ/mol
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
7,040.00 kJ/mol14,500.00 kJ/mol
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
7,040.00 kJ/mol26,740.00 kJ/mol
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
7,040.00 kJ/mol4,030.00 kJ/mol
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
70,000.00 kJ/mol4,030.00 kJ/mol
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
7,000.00 kJ/mol4,030.00 kJ/mol
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
7,000.00 kJ/mol4,030.00 kJ/mol
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
70,000.00 kJ/mol40,300.00 kJ/mol
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
70,000.00 kJ/mol40,300.00 kJ/mol
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
540.00 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
3,200.00 kJ/mol4,030.00 kJ/mol
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
540.20 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
700.00 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
1,130.00 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
558.00 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
7,000.00 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
700.00 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
586.20 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
704.90 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
704.90 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
704.90 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
704.00 kJ/mol403.00 kJ/mol
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
3.00 g/amp-hr3.19 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV2.16 eV
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Chemical Stability, Ionization
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Number
11337
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p1
[Kr] 5s1
Crystal Structure
Not Known
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
11337
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
15048
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
11337
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
170.00 pm248.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
170.00 pm220.00 pm
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
320.00 pm303.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
286.00 amu85.47 amu
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
21.10 cm3/mol55.90 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
6.20 (-eV)9.47 (-eV)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
0.00 pm558.50 pm
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
-
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.581.59
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Density
Density At Room Temperature
16.00 g/cm31.53 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.00 g/cm31.46 g/cm3
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
80.00 MPa30.00 MPa
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.000.00
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
40.00 GPa2.50 GPa
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
0.00 GPa2.50 GPa
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
12.20 GPa2.40 GPa
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.300.37
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
-
Ductile
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
16.001.53
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
-
Paramagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m0.00 H/m
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
0.000.00
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
-
Conductor
Resistivity
0.32 nΩ·m128.00 nΩ·m
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω0.08 106/cm Ω
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol46.90 kJ/mol
0
222.8
👆🏻
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)0.36 J/(kg K)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K31.06 J/mol·K
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
1.70 W/m·K58.20 W/m·K
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
700.00 K2,093.00 K
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)90.00 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
410.80 kJ/mol69.20 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
-2.19 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
320.70 kJ/mol82.00 kJ/mol
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
65.00 J/mol.K76.80 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1
👆🏻