Symbol
✔
✘
✔
✘
Group Number
314
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
76
2
7
👆🏻
Block
f block
p block
Element Family
Actinide
Post-Transition
CAS Number
100281457439921
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
-
Fm_ 3m
Space Group Number
194.00225.00
11
276
👆🏻
Interesting Facts
- The most stable isotope of Nobelium metal is No-259.
- No-259 has a half-life of fifty-eight minutes.
- Galena mineral contains almost 87% of Lead metal in it, Galena is sulfide mineral.
- The best available source of Lead metal today is by recycling automobile batteries.
Sources
Bombarding Curium-246 or Curium-249 with Carbon-12 Nuclei, Found in Minerals, Mining
Earth's crust, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of metals, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
-
Discovery
In 1966
In Middle Easterns (7000 BCE)
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
-0.00 %
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
-0.00 %
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
-0.00 %
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
-0.00 %
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
-0.00 %
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
-0.00 %
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Nobelium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- It is also used in insecticides, hair dyes and as an anti-knocking additive for petrol. But all these are banned by the government as Lead metal is known for detrimental to health.
Industrial Uses
-
Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Medical Uses
-
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Other Uses
Research Purposes
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
-
Toxic
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
✔
✘
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.21 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.30.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
👆🏻
Melting Point
827.00 °C327.50 °C
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
2,600.00 °C1,740.00 °C
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
-
Gray
Luster
Unknown Luster
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
-1.50
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
500.00 MPa38.00 MPa
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
500.00 MPa38.00 MPa
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
1,100.00 m/s1,190.00 m/s
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
1.302.02
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
61.00 %5.00 %
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
✔
✘
α Allotropes
-
-
β Allotropes
-
-
γ Allotropes
-
-
Chemical Formula
✔
✘
✔
✘
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
1335
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.301.87
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.302.29
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.201.55
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.302.41
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
1.101.85
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.701.67
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
642.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
1,254.00 kJ/mol1,450.50 kJ/mol
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
2,643.00 kJ/mol3,081.50 kJ/mol
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
3,956.00 kJ/mol4,083.00 kJ/mol
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
6,400.00 kJ/mol6,640.00 kJ/mol
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
6,400.00 kJ/mol7,150.00 kJ/mol
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
6,270.00 kJ/mol7,156.00 kJ/mol
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol7,150.00 kJ/mol
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol7,156.00 kJ/mol
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
6,270.00 kJ/mol7,156.00 kJ/mol
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
6,420.00 kJ/mol7,156.00 kJ/mol
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
64,000.00 kJ/mol7,150.00 kJ/mol
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
6,400.00 kJ/mol7,150.00 kJ/mol
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
6,400.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
64,000.00 kJ/mol71,500.00 kJ/mol
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
64,000.00 kJ/mol71,500.00 kJ/mol
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
641.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
3,500.00 kJ/mol7,150.00 kJ/mol
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
627.60 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol715.00 kJ/mol
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
917.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol715.00 kJ/mol
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
6,410.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
0.00 kJ/mol715.00 kJ/mol
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
601.20 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
641.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
641.60 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
641.00 kJ/mol715.60 kJ/mol
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
627.00 kJ/mol715.00 kJ/mol
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
4.83 g/amp-hr3.87 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
4.90 eV4.25 eV
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Number
10282
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 7s2
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p2
Crystal Structure
Not Known
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
10282
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
157125
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
10282
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
176.00 pm175.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
157.00 pm146.00 pm
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
246.00 pm202.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
259.00 amu207.20 amu
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
19.80 cm3/mol18.17 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
26.00 (-eV)24.20 (-eV)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
-495.08 pm
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
-
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.761.51
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Density
Density At Room Temperature
9.90 g/cm311.34 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
9.90 g/cm310.66 g/cm3
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
80.00 MPa12.00 MPa
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.000.00
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)1.64 (Pa)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
27.00 GPa5.60 GPa
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
8.70 GPa46.00 GPa
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
12.30 GPa16.00 GPa
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.300.44
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
-
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
9.9011.35
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
-
Diamagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m0.00 H/m
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
0.000.00
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
-
Poor Conductor
Resistivity
0.68 nΩ·m208.00 nΩ·m
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.00 106/cm Ω0.05 106/cm Ω
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
50.00 kJ/mol35.10 kJ/mol
0
222.8
👆🏻
Specific Heat
0.10 J/(kg K)0.13 J/(kg K)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
27.00 J/mol·K26.65 J/mol·K
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
0.10 W/m·K35.30 W/m·K
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
1,100.00 K600.61 K
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
11.00 µm/(m·K)28.90 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
-179.40 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
-4.77 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
390.40 kJ/mol194.60 kJ/mol
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
63.00 J/mol.K64.80 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1
👆🏻