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Plutonium vs Molybdenum

Plutonium
Molybdenum
Molybdenum vs Plutonium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pu   
Mo   
Group Number
0   
18
6   
12
Period Number
7   
5   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440075   
99+
7439987   
99+
Space Group Name
P121/m1   
Im_ 3m   
Space Group Number
11.00   
13
229.00   
1
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
  • Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
  
  • Molybdenum is highly reactive metal, hence not found free in nature .
  • Till 18th century Molybdenum element were often mistaken as a carbon or Lead.
  
Sources
Mining, Ores of metals   
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan   
Carl Wilhelm Scheele   
Discovery
In Between 1940 1941   
In 1778   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
Not Available   
5 * 10-7 %   
19
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %   
~0.0000009 %   
19
Abundance In Meteorites
Not Available   
0.00 %   
24
Abundance In Earth's Crust
Not Available   
0.00 %   
39
Abundance In Oceans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
9
Abundance In Humans
Not Available   
0.00 %   
14
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
  • It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
  
  • Its alloys are used to make engine parts, drills, saw blade, etc.
  • Lubricant additive made up of Molybdenum disulfide is commonly used in the industry. It is also used as a catalyst.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry   
Aerospace Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
Alloys   
Alloys   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Toxic   
Toxic   
Present in Human Body
No   
Yes   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
31
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
0.70 p.p.m.   
18
Physical Properties
Melting Point
639.50 °C   
99+
2,617.00 °C   
5
Boiling Point
3,235.00 °C   
24
4,612.00 °C   
9
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silvery White   
Gray   
Luster
NA   
Metallic   
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
Not Available   
5.50   
7
Brinell Hardness
Not Available   
1,370.00 MPa   
7
Vickers Hardness
Not Available   
1,400.00 MPa   
6
Speed of Sound
2,260.00 m/s   
99+
5,400.00 m/s   
6
Optical Properties
  
  
Reflectivity
Not Available   
58.00 %   
15
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pu   
Mo   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
20   
19
25   
14
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.28   
33
2.16   
5
Sanderson Electronegativity
Not Available   
1.15   
19
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.22   
26
1.30   
24
Allen Electronegativity
Not Available   
2.16   
3
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.72   
21
1.84   
99+
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol   
99+
684.30 kJ/mol   
37
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,560.00 kJ/mol   
37
3rd Energy Level
2,084.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,618.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
3,338.00 kJ/mol   
99+
4,480.00 kJ/mol   
26
5th Energy Level
Not Available   
5,257.00 kJ/mol   
32
6th Energy Level
Not Available   
6,640.80 kJ/mol   
22
7th Energy level
Not Available   
12,125.00 kJ/mol   
13
8th Energy Level
Not Available   
13,860.00 kJ/mol   
16
9th Energy Level
Not Available   
15,835.00 kJ/mol   
16
10th Energy Level
Not Available   
17,980.00 kJ/mol   
18
11th Energy Level
Not Available   
20,190.00 kJ/mol   
17
12th Energy Level
Not Available   
22,219.00 kJ/mol   
15
13th Energy Level
Not Available   
26,930.00 kJ/mol   
13
14th Energy Level
Not Available   
29,196.00 kJ/mol   
13
15th Energy Level
Not Available   
52,490.00 kJ/mol   
7
16th Energy Level
Not Available   
55,000.00 kJ/mol   
8
17th Energy Level
Not Available   
61,400.00 kJ/mol   
9
18th Energy Level
Not Available   
67,700.00 kJ/mol   
9
19th Energy Level
Not Available   
74,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
20th Energy Level
Not Available   
80,400.00 kJ/mol   
10
21st Energy Level
Not Available   
87,000.00 kJ/mol   
9
22nd Energy Level
Not Available   
93,400.00 kJ/mol   
7
23rd Energy Level
Not Available   
98,420.00 kJ/mol   
6
24th Energy Level
Not Available   
104,400.00 kJ/mol   
2
25th Energy Level
Not Available   
121,900.00 kJ/mol   
1
26th Energy Level
Not Available   
127,700.00 kJ/mol   
1
27th Energy Level
Not Available   
133,800.00 kJ/mol   
1
28th Energy Level
Not Available   
139,800.00 kJ/mol   
1
29th Energy Level
Not Available   
148,100.00 kJ/mol   
1
30th Energy Level
Not Available   
154,500.00 kJ/mol   
1
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.28 g/amp-hr   
22
0.89 g/amp-hr   
99+
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
4.60 eV   
12
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
94   
24
42   
99+
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f6 7s2   
[Kr] 4d5 5s1   
Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)   
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)   
Crystal Lattice
MON-Crystal-Structure-of-Plutonium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
94   
24
42   
99+
Number of Neutrons
150   
11
54   
99+
Number of Electrons
94   
24
42   
99+
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
159.00 pm   
28
139.00 pm   
39
Covalent Radius
187.00 pm   
20
154.00 pm   
32
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm   
28
200.00 pm   
28
Atomic Weight
244.00 amu   
19
95.95 amu   
99+
Atomic Volume
12.32 cm3/mol   
99+
9.40 cm3/mol   
99+
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Neptunium
  
Niobium
  
Next Element
Americium
  
Technetium
  
Valence Electron Potential
64.90 (-eV)   
21
88.60 (-eV)   
13
Lattice Constant
618.30 pm   
4
314.70 pm   
99+
Lattice Angles
NA   
π/2, π/2, π/2   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
19.82 g/cm3   
13
10.28 g/cm3   
36
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.63 g/cm3   
8
9.33 g/cm3   
20
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
324.00 MPa   
13
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)   
26
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
2.20 (Pa)   
12
0.00 (Pa)   
26
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa   
18
126.00 GPa   
8
Bulk Modulus
Not Available   
230.00 GPa   
6
Young's Modulus
96.00 GPa   
21
329.00 GPa   
6
Poisson Ratio
0.21   
32
0.31   
13
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable   
Ductile, Weldable   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
19.84   
7
10.22   
27
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Paramagnetic   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Poor Conductor   
Semiconductor   
Resistivity
1.46 nΩ·m   
99+
53.40 nΩ·m   
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω   
99+
0.19 106/cm Ω   
11
Electron Affinity
Not Available   
71.90 kJ/mol   
14
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)   
39
0.25 J/(kg K)   
21
Molar Heat Capacity
35.50 J/mol·K   
3
24.06 J/mol·K   
99+
Thermal Conductivity
6.74 W/m·K   
99+
138.00 W/m·K   
12
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
46.70 µm/(m·K)   
6
4.80 µm/(m·K)   
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
344.00 kJ/mol   
25
594.10 kJ/mol   
8
Enthalpy of Fusion
2.82 kJ/mol   
99+
27.61 kJ/mol   
5
Enthalpy of Atomization
360.00 kJ/mol   
26
653.00 kJ/mol   
7
Standard Molar Entropy
Not Available   
28.70 J/mol.K   
99+
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