1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
1.6 CAS Number
74400757440246
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Plutonium metal if obtain from ores of uranium metal.
- Plutonium metal is very sensitive to the change in atmospheric conditions like temperature and pressure.
- Strontium element is softer than Calcium.
- Silvery Strontium turns yellow, if exposed to air.
2.3 Sources
Mining, Ores of metals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
2.4 History
2.4.1 Who Discovered
Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan
William Cruickshank
2.4.2 Discovery
In Between 1940 1941
In 1787
2.5 Abundance
2.5.1 Abundance In Universe
2.6.2 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.000005 %
1E-08
0.1
2.6.4 Abundance In Meteorites
2.11.2 Abundance In Earth's Crust
3.4.3 Abundance In Oceans
3.4.6 Abundance In Humans
4 Uses
4.1 Uses & Benefits
- Plutonium was used in atomic bombs and still it is being used in various weapons and Ammunition industry.
-
It is also used in nuclear power plant as source of energy for space missions.
- Strontium metal is used to producing ferrite magnets as well as refining zinc.
-
By-product of nuclear reactors called Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope; it is absorbed by tissues and destroys bone marrow and cancer growth.
4.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
4.1.2 Medical Uses
4.1.3 Other Uses
4.2 Biological Properties
4.2.1 Toxicity
4.2.2 Present in Human Body
4.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.03 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
4.2.5 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.140.00 p.p.m.
0
170000
5 Physical
5.1 Melting Point
639.50 °C769.00 °C
27
3410
5.2 Boiling Point
3,235.00 °C1,384.00 °C
147
5660
6.3 Appearance
6.3.1 Physical State
6.3.2 Color
Silvery White
Silvery White
6.3.3 Luster
6.4 Hardness
6.4.1 Mohs Hardness
7.1.1 Brinell Hardness
7.2.1 Vickers Hardness
7.5 Speed of Sound
7.6 Optical Properties
7.6.1 Refractive Index
7.6.2 Reflectivity
7.7 Allotropes
7.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
8.4 Electronegativity
8.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.5.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
9.2.2 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
9.2.3 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
9.3.3 Allen Electronegativity
9.4 Electropositivity
9.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
9.5 Ionization Energies
9.5.1 1st Energy Level
584.70 kJ/mol549.50 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
9.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol1,064.20 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
9.5.4 3rd Energy Level
2,084.00 kJ/mol4,138.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
9.6.2 4th Energy Level
3,338.00 kJ/mol5,500.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
9.7.2 5th Energy Level
NA6,910.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
9.7.4 6th Energy Level
NA8,760.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
9.7.6 7th Energy level
NA10,230.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
9.7.8 8th Energy Level
NA11,800.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
9.7.10 9th Energy Level
NA15,600.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
9.7.12 10th Energy Level
NA17,100.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
9.7.14 11th Energy Level
NA31,270.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
9.7.16 12th Energy Level
9.7.18 13th Energy Level
9.7.21 14th Energy Level
9.7.23 15th Energy Level
9.7.24 16th Energy Level
9.7.26 17th Energy Level
9.7.28 18th Energy Level
9.7.30 19th Energy Level
9.7.32 20th Energy Level
9.7.34 21st Energy Level
9.7.36 22nd Energy Level
9.7.37 23rd Energy Level
9.7.39 24th Energy Level
9.7.41 25th Energy Level
9.7.43 26th Energy Level
9.7.45 27th Energy Level
9.7.47 28th Energy Level
9.7.49 29th Energy Level
9.7.51 30th Energy Level
9.8 Electrochemical Equivalent
2.28 g/amp-hr1.64 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
9.9 Electron Work Function
9.10 Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
10 Atomic
10.1 Atomic Number
10.3 Electron Configuration
10.4 Crystal Structure
Monoclinic (MON)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
10.4.1 Crystal Lattice
10.5 Atom
10.5.1 Number of Protons
10.6.1 Number of Neutrons
11.1.1 Number of Electrons
11.5 Radius of an Atom
11.5.1 Atomic Radius
159.00 pm215.00 pm
112
265
11.5.3 Covalent Radius
187.00 pm195.00 pm
96
260
11.5.5 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm249.00 pm
139
348
11.6 Atomic Weight
244.00 amu87.62 amu
6.94
294
11.8 Atomic Volume
12.32 cm3/mol33.70 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
11.9 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
11.9.1 Previous Element
11.9.2 Next Element
11.10 Valence Electron Potential
64.90 (-eV)25.70 (-eV)
8
392.42
11.12 Lattice Constant
618.30 pm608.49 pm
228.58
891.25
11.14 Lattice Angles
11.15 Lattice C/A Ratio
12 Mechanical
12.1 Density
12.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
19.82 g/cm32.64 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
12.2.1 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
16.63 g/cm32.38 g/cm3
0.512
20
13.2 Tensile Strength
13.3 Viscosity
13.4 Vapor Pressure
13.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)121.00 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
13.5.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
13.7 Elasticity properties
13.7.1 Shear Modulus
43.00 GPa6.03 GPa
1.3
222
13.8.2 Bulk Modulus
13.9.2 Young's Modulus
96.00 GPa15.70 GPa
1.7
528
13.10 Poisson Ratio
13.11 Other Mechanical Properties
14 Magnetic
14.1 Magnetic Characteristics
14.1.1 Specific Gravity
14.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
14.1.4 Permeability
14.2.1 Susceptibility
15.2 Electrical Properties
15.2.1 Electrical Property
15.2.2 Resistivity
1.46 nΩ·m132.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
15.2.5 Electrical Conductivity
0.01 106/cm Ω0.08 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
15.3.3 Electron Affinity
16 Thermal
16.1 Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)0.30 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
16.2 Molar Heat Capacity
35.50 J/mol·K26.40 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
16.3 Thermal Conductivity
6.74 W/m·K35.40 W/m·K
6.3
429
17.3 Critical Temperature
17.5 Thermal Expansion
46.70 µm/(m·K)22.50 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
17.7 Enthalpy
17.7.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
344.00 kJ/mol150.00 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
17.8.1 Enthalpy of Fusion
2.82 kJ/mol9.16 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
17.9.2 Enthalpy of Atomization
360.00 kJ/mol163.20 kJ/mol
61.5
837
17.10 Standard Molar Entropy
NA55.00 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1