Protactinium vs Einsteinium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Pa
Es
Group Number
Not Available
Not Available
Period Number
7
7
Block
f block
f block
Element Family
Actinide
Actinide
CAS Number
7440133
99+
7429927
99+
Space Group Name
I4/mmm
Not Available
Space Group Number
139.00
8
Not Available
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
- Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
- Einsteinium is the transuranic element found in US.
- Only 0.01 mg of Einsteinium was synthesized in 1961.
Sources
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals
Made by Bombarding Uranium with Neutrons
History
Who Discovered
William Crookes
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Discovery
In 1900
In 1952
Abundance
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
99+
Not Available
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- Currently known uses of Einsteinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
Industrial Uses
NA
NA
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
NA
Alloys, Nuclear Research, Research Purposes
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Highly Toxic
Toxic
Present in Human Body
No
No
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.
36
0.00 p.p.m.
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,568.00 °C
21
860.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
4,027.00 °C
12
996.00 °C
99+
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Silver
Silver
Luster
Metallic
NA
Hardness
Speed of Sound
Not Available
Not Available
Optical Properties
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pa
Es
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
27
12
16
23
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50
27
1.54
26
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.14
28
1.20
27
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50
27
2.70
22
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol
99+
619.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol
99+
1,216.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,814.00 kJ/mol
99+
2,334.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
2,991.00 kJ/mol
99+
3,734.00 kJ/mol
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.72 g/amp-hr
99+
4.74 g/amp-hr
5
Electron Work Function
Not Available
Not Available
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
91
27
99
19
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2
[Rn] 5f11 7s2
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Protactinium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Einsteinium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
91
27
99
19
Number of Neutrons
122
21
153
9
Number of Electrons
91
27
99
19
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
163.00 pm
25
186.00 pm
9
Covalent Radius
200.00 pm
11
Not Available
Van der Waals Radius
243.00 pm
11
Not Available
Atomic Weight
231.04 amu
24
252.00 amu
16
Atomic Volume
15.00 cm3/mol
34
Not Available
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
92.00 (-eV)
11
Not Available
Lattice Constant
392.50 pm
23
Not Available
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
NA
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
15.37 g/cm3
20
8.84 g/cm3
99+
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Elasticity properties
Poisson Ratio
Not Available
Not Available
Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown
NA
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
15.37
12
Not Available
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Unknown
Resistivity
177.00 nΩ·m
21
Not Available
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω
34
Not Available
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)
40
Not Available
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Conductivity
47.00 W/m·K
32
Not Available
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)
40
Not Available
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Fusion
12.34 kJ/mol
28
Not Available
Standard Molar Entropy
198.10 J/mol.K
1
Not Available
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