1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.4 Period Number
1.7 Block
1.8 Element Family
Actinide
Post-Transition
1.9 CAS Number
74401337440746
7429905
54386242
2.2 Space Group Name
2.3 Space Group Number
3 Facts
3.1 Interesting Facts
- Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
- Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
- Luster of Indium is bright in nature.
- Reich and richer were looking for thallium in zinc metal and they discovered Indium metal.
3.2 Sources
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals
Mining, Ores of metals
3.3 History
3.3.1 Who Discovered
William Crookes
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter
3.3.2 Discovery
3.4 Abundance
3.4.1 Abundance In Universe
3.5.1 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000004 %
1E-08
0.1
3.7.1 Abundance In Meteorites
3.9.1 Abundance In Earth's Crust
4.1.1 Abundance In Oceans
4.2.2 Abundance In Humans
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- It is used to produce indium tin oxide (ITO), it is used in manufacturing touch screens, flat screen TVs and solar panels.
- Its nitride, phosphide and antimonide are used in transistors and microchips.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry
5.1.2 Medical Uses
5.1.3 Other Uses
NA
Alloys, In Nuclear Reactors
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3NA
0
1970
5.2.5 In Bone
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
1,568.00 °C156.61 °C
27
3410
6.3 Boiling Point
4,027.00 °C2,000.00 °C
147
5660
7.2 Appearance
7.2.1 Physical State
7.2.2 Color
7.2.3 Luster
7.3 Hardness
7.3.1 Mohs Hardness
7.3.5 Brinell Hardness
7.5.3 Vickers Hardness
7.7 Speed of Sound
7.10 Optical Properties
7.10.1 Refractive Index
7.10.3 Reflectivity
7.12 Allotropes
7.12.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.12.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.12.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
9.4 Electronegativity
9.4.1 Pauling Electronegativity
10.2.1 Sanderson Electronegativity
10.3.1 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
10.3.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
10.7.1 Allen Electronegativity
10.9 Electropositivity
10.9.1 Pauling Electropositivity
10.11 Ionization Energies
10.11.1 1st Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol558.30 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
10.12.2 2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol1,820.70 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
10.12.4 3rd Energy Level
1,814.00 kJ/mol2,704.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
10.12.7 4th Energy Level
2,991.00 kJ/mol5,210.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
10.12.9 5th Energy Level
10.13.1 6th Energy Level
10.14.1 7th Energy level
10.15.1 8th Energy Level
11.1.2 9th Energy Level
11.1.5 10th Energy Level
11.1.7 11th Energy Level
11.1.8 12th Energy Level
11.2.3 13th Energy Level
11.2.5 14th Energy Level
11.2.7 15th Energy Level
11.2.8 16th Energy Level
12.1.1 17th Energy Level
12.1.2 18th Energy Level
12.2.1 19th Energy Level
12.3.1 20th Energy Level
12.3.2 21st Energy Level
12.4.1 22nd Energy Level
12.4.2 23rd Energy Level
12.5.1 24th Energy Level
12.5.2 25th Energy Level
12.6.2 26th Energy Level
12.6.3 27th Energy Level
12.6.5 28th Energy Level
12.6.6 29th Energy Level
12.6.8 30th Energy Level
12.7 Electrochemical Equivalent
1.72 g/amp-hr1.43 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
12.9 Electron Work Function
12.10 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
13 Atomic
13.1 Atomic Number
13.2 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
13.3 Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Tetragonal (TETR)
13.3.1 Crystal Lattice
13.4 Atom
13.4.1 Number of Protons
13.4.2 Number of Neutrons
13.4.3 Number of Electrons
13.5 Radius of an Atom
13.5.1 Atomic Radius
163.00 pm167.00 pm
112
265
13.5.2 Covalent Radius
200.00 pm142.00 pm
96
260
13.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
243.00 pm193.00 pm
139
348
13.6 Atomic Weight
231.04 amu114.82 amu
6.94
294
13.7 Atomic Volume
15.00 cm3/mol15.70 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
13.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
13.8.1 Previous Element
13.8.2 Next Element
13.9 Valence Electron Potential
92.00 (-eV)54.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
13.10 Lattice Constant
392.50 pm325.23 pm
228.58
891.25
13.11 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
13.12 Lattice C/A Ratio
14 Mechanical
14.1 Density
14.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
15.37 g/cm37.31 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
14.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
14.2 Tensile Strength
14.3 Viscosity
14.4 Vapor Pressure
14.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
14.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
14.5 Elasticity properties
14.5.1 Shear Modulus
14.5.2 Bulk Modulus
14.5.3 Young's Modulus
14.6 Poisson Ratio
14.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown
Ductile, Malleable
15 Magnetic
15.1 Magnetic Characteristics
15.1.1 Specific Gravity
15.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
15.1.3 Permeability
15.1.4 Susceptibility
15.2 Electrical Properties
15.2.1 Electrical Property
15.2.2 Resistivity
177.00 nΩ·m83.70 nΩ·m
0.18
961
15.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω0.12 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
15.2.4 Electron Affinity
16 Thermal
16.1 Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)0.23 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
16.2 Molar Heat Capacity
NA26.74 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
16.3 Thermal Conductivity
47.00 W/m·K81.80 W/m·K
6.3
429
16.4 Critical Temperature
16.5 Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)32.10 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
16.6 Enthalpy
16.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA226.40 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
16.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
12.34 kJ/mol3.28 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
16.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
16.7 Standard Molar Entropy
198.10 J/mol.K57.80 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1