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Protactinium vs Nihonium

Protactinium
Nihonium
Nihonium vs Protactinium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pa  
Nh  
Group Number
3  
15
13  
5
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
f block  
p block  
Element Family
Actinide  
Probably Post-​Transition  
CAS Number
7440133  
99+
54084707  
6
Space Group Name
I4/mmm  
-  
Space Group Number
139.00  
11
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
  • Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
  
Nihonium is a synthetic chemical element and is highly radioactive.  
Sources
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals  
Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
William Crookes  
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research and Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory  
Discovery
In 1900  
In 2003  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
17
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
26
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
-  
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
99+
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Currently known uses of Ununtrium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
-  
-  
Medical Uses
-  
-  
Other Uses
-  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
No  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
29
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
0.20 p.p.m.  
27
Physical
Melting Point
1,568.00 °C  
21
430.00 °C  
99+
Boiling Point
4,027.00 °C  
12
1,130.00 °C  
99+
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
-  
Luster
Metallic  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
5.00  
8
-  
Brinell Hardness
125.00 MPa  
99+
600.00 MPa  
24
Vickers Hardness
220.00 MPa  
99+
350.00 MPa  
99+
Speed of Sound
12,400.00 m/s  
3
3,600.00 m/s  
29
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.60  
33
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
60.00 %  
23
60.00 %  
23
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Pa  
Nh  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
27  
12
7  
31
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50  
28
1.30  
33
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.50  
18
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.14  
29
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.50  
26
1.00  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.50  
32
0.70  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50  
27
2.20  
39
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
704.90 kJ/mol  
34
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,238.50 kJ/mol  
7
3rd Energy Level
1,814.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,023.30 kJ/mol  
26
4th Energy Level
2,991.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,351.50 kJ/mol  
39
5th Energy Level
5,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,692.60 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,000.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7th Energy level
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
40
8th Energy Level
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
36
9th Energy Level
5,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
33
10th Energy Level
5,120.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
37
11th Energy Level
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,040.00 kJ/mol  
35
12th Energy Level
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,000.00 kJ/mol  
5
13th Energy Level
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,000.00 kJ/mol  
34
14th Energy Level
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,000.00 kJ/mol  
24
15th Energy Level
56,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,000.00 kJ/mol  
30
16th Energy Level
56,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
70,000.00 kJ/mol  
25
17th Energy Level
568.50 kJ/mol  
99+
540.00 kJ/mol  
99+
18th Energy Level
5,680.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,200.00 kJ/mol  
99+
19th Energy Level
568.30 kJ/mol  
99+
540.20 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
700.00 kJ/mol  
36
21st Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,130.00 kJ/mol  
29
22nd Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
558.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
7,000.00 kJ/mol  
11
24th Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
700.00 kJ/mol  
29
25th Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
586.20 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
704.90 kJ/mol  
28
28th Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
704.90 kJ/mol  
33
29th Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
704.90 kJ/mol  
34
30th Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol  
99+
704.00 kJ/mol  
28
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.72 g/amp-hr  
99+
3.00 g/amp-hr  
21
Electron Work Function
5.89 eV  
3
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
Chemical Stability, Ionization  
Atomic
Atomic Number
91  
27
113  
5
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d10 7s2 7p1  
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)  
Not Known  
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Protactinium.jpg#100  
Unknown-Crystal-Structure-of-Ununtrium.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
91  
27
113  
5
Number of Neutrons
122  
22
150  
12
Number of Electrons
91  
27
113  
5
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
163.00 pm  
27
170.00 pm  
24
Covalent Radius
200.00 pm  
11
170.00 pm  
27
Van der Waals Radius
243.00 pm  
15
320.00 pm  
3
Atomic Weight
231.04 amu  
24
286.00 amu  
4
Atomic Volume
15.00 cm3/mol  
99+
21.10 cm3/mol  
24
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Thorium
  
Copernicium
  
Next Element
Uranium
  
Flerovium
  
Valence Electron Potential
92.00 (-eV)  
11
6.20 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
392.50 pm  
26
0.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.58  
36
1.58  
35
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
15.37 g/cm3  
20
16.00 g/cm3  
19
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.37 g/cm3  
21
16.00 g/cm3  
19
Tensile Strength
80.00 MPa  
29
80.00 MPa  
29
Viscosity
0.00  
25
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
32
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
16.00 GPa  
99+
40.00 GPa  
19
Bulk Modulus
47.00 GPa  
26
0.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
47.00 GPa  
99+
12.20 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.23  
30
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
-  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
15.37  
23
16.00  
21
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
10
0.00 H/m  
5
Susceptibility
0.00  
21
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor  
-  
Resistivity
177.00 nΩ·m  
21
0.32 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω  
39
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
53.03 kJ/mol  
22
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
Molar Heat Capacity
27.20 J/mol·K  
24
27.00 J/mol·K  
29
Thermal Conductivity
47.00 W/m·K  
32
1.70 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
1,841.00 K  
25
700.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)  
99+
6.20 µm/(m·K)  
99+
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
481.00 kJ/mol  
17
410.80 kJ/mol  
23
Enthalpy of Fusion
12.34 kJ/mol  
34
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
481.90 kJ/mol  
19
320.70 kJ/mol  
99+
Standard Molar Entropy
198.10 J/mol.K  
1
65.00 J/mol.K  
17
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