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Protactinium vs Rutherfordium

Protactinium
Rutherfordium
Rutherfordium vs Protactinium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Pa   
Rf   
Group Number
Not Available   
4   
14
Period Number
7   
7   
Block
f block   
d block   
Element Family
Actinide   
Transition Metal   
CAS Number
7440133   
99+
53850365   
13
Space Group Name
I4/mmm   
Not Available   
Space Group Number
139.00   
8
Not Available   
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Protactinium metal has 29 isotopes.
  • Isotopes of Protactinium-231 used in nuclear weapon.
  
  • Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
  • Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
  
Sources
Found in Uranium Ores, Mining, Ores of metals   
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced   
History
  
  
Who Discovered
William Crookes   
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research   
Discovery
In 1900   
In 1964   
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %   
99+
Not Available   
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Currently known uses of Protactinium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
  • Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
NA   
NA   
Medical Uses
NA   
NA   
Other Uses
NA   
Alloys, Research Purposes   
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Highly Toxic   
Unknown   
Present in Human Body
No   
No   
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3   
37
In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
0.00 p.p.m.   
36
Physical Properties
Melting Point
1,568.00 °C   
21
2,100.00 °C   
11
Boiling Point
4,027.00 °C   
12
5,500.00 °C   
3
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid   
Solid   
Color
Silver   
Unknown   
Luster
Metallic   
Unknown Luster   
Hardness
  
  
Speed of Sound
Not Available   
Not Available   
Optical Properties
  
  
Allotropes
No   
No   
α Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
β Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
γ Allotropes
Not Available   
Not Available   
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Pa   
Rf   
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
27   
12
13   
26
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50   
27
Not Available   
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.14   
28
Not Available   
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50   
27
Not Available   
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
568.00 kJ/mol   
99+
579.90 kJ/mol   
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,128.00 kJ/mol   
99+
1,389.40 kJ/mol   
99+
3rd Energy Level
1,814.00 kJ/mol   
99+
2,296.40 kJ/mol   
99+
4th Energy Level
2,991.00 kJ/mol   
99+
3,077.90 kJ/mol   
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.72 g/amp-hr   
99+
Not Available   
Electron Work Function
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity   
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
91   
27
104   
14
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f2 6d1 7s2   
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2   
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)   
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)   
Crystal Lattice
TETR-Crystal-Structure-of-Protactinium.jpg#100   
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100   
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
91   
27
104   
14
Number of Neutrons
122   
21
157   
7
Number of Electrons
91   
27
104   
14
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
163.00 pm   
25
150.00 pm   
33
Covalent Radius
200.00 pm   
11
157.00 pm   
31
Van der Waals Radius
243.00 pm   
11
Not Available   
Atomic Weight
231.04 amu   
24
267.00 amu   
11
Atomic Volume
15.00 cm3/mol   
34
Not Available   
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Thorium
  
Lawrencium
  
Next Element
Uranium
  
Dubnium
  
Valence Electron Potential
92.00 (-eV)   
11
Not Available   
Lattice Constant
392.50 pm   
23
Not Available   
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2   
NA   
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Mechanical Properties
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
15.37 g/cm3   
20
23.20 g/cm3   
8
Tensile Strength
Not Available   
Not Available   
Viscosity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Elasticity properties
  
  
Poisson Ratio
Not Available   
Not Available   
Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown   
Unknown   
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
15.37   
12
Not Available   
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic   
Unknown   
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Conductor   
Unknown   
Resistivity
177.00 nΩ·m   
21
Not Available   
Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω   
34
Not Available   
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)   
40
Not Available   
Molar Heat Capacity
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Conductivity
47.00 W/m·K   
32
Not Available   
Critical Temperature
Not Available   
Not Available   
Thermal Expansion
9.90 µm/(m·K)   
40
Not Available   
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Fusion
12.34 kJ/mol   
28
Not Available   
Standard Molar Entropy
198.10 J/mol.K   
1
Not Available   
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