1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
2.3 Period Number
2.4 Block
2.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Alkaline Earth
2.6 CAS Number
74401557440246
7429905
54386242
3.2 Space Group Name
3.3 Space Group Number
4 Facts
4.1 Interesting Facts
- Chemical properties of Rhenium are similar to Manganese.
- Rhenium metal is created while refining Molybdenum.
- Strontium element is softer than Calcium.
- Silvery Strontium turns yellow, if exposed to air.
4.2 Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
4.3 History
4.3.1 Who Discovered
Masataka Ogawa
William Cruickshank
4.3.2 Discovery
4.4 Abundance
4.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2 * 10-8 %4 * 10-6 %
5E-09
0.11
4.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~0.00000001 %~0.000005 %
1E-08
0.1
4.6.2 Abundance In Meteorites
4.6.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
4.6.6 Abundance In Oceans
4.6.7 Abundance In Humans
5 Uses
5.1 Uses & Benefits
- Alloys of Rhenium are used as an electric contact material. It can resist withstand arc corrosion.
- Its catalysts are used in hydrogenation of fine chemicals. Its Alloy with nickel is used to produce turbine blades.
- Strontium metal is used to producing ferrite magnets as well as refining zinc.
-
By-product of nuclear reactors called Strontium-90 is a radioactive isotope; it is absorbed by tissues and destroys bone marrow and cancer growth.
5.1.1 Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Ammunition Industry, Chemical Industry
5.1.2 Medical Uses
5.1.3 Other Uses
5.2 Biological Properties
5.2.1 Toxicity
5.2.2 Present in Human Body
5.2.3 In Blood
NA0.03 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
5.3.2 In Bone
6 Physical
6.1 Melting Point
3,180.00 °C769.00 °C
27
3410
7.4 Boiling Point
5,627.00 °C1,384.00 °C
147
5660
7.5 Appearance
7.5.1 Physical State
7.5.2 Color
Silvery Gray
Silvery White
7.5.3 Luster
7.6 Hardness
7.6.1 Mohs Hardness
7.6.3 Brinell Hardness
7.6.6 Vickers Hardness
7.7 Speed of Sound
7.10 Optical Properties
7.10.1 Refractive Index
7.10.2 Reflectivity
7.11 Allotropes
7.11.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.11.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
7.11.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
8 Chemical
8.1 Chemical Formula
8.2 Isotopes
8.2.1 Known Isotopes
8.3 Electronegativity
8.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
8.3.3 Sanderson Electronegativity
8.3.6 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
8.3.8 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
8.3.10 Allen Electronegativity
8.4 Electropositivity
8.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
8.5 Ionization Energies
8.5.1 1st Energy Level
760.00 kJ/mol549.50 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
8.5.3 2nd Energy Level
1,260.00 kJ/mol1,064.20 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
8.5.4 3rd Energy Level
2,510.00 kJ/mol4,138.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
8.5.6 4th Energy Level
3,640.00 kJ/mol5,500.00 kJ/mol
2780
37066
8.5.8 5th Energy Level
NA6,910.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
8.5.10 6th Energy Level
NA8,760.00 kJ/mol
5715.8
105800
8.5.12 7th Energy level
NA10,230.00 kJ/mol
7226.8
114300
8.5.13 8th Energy Level
NA11,800.00 kJ/mol
8857.4
125300
8.5.15 9th Energy Level
NA15,600.00 kJ/mol
14110
134700
8.5.17 10th Energy Level
NA17,100.00 kJ/mol
17100
144300
8.5.19 11th Energy Level
NA31,270.00 kJ/mol
19900
169988
8.5.21 12th Energy Level
8.5.23 13th Energy Level
8.5.26 14th Energy Level
8.5.29 15th Energy Level
8.5.31 16th Energy Level
8.5.33 17th Energy Level
8.5.36 18th Energy Level
8.5.38 19th Energy Level
8.5.40 20th Energy Level
8.6.1 21st Energy Level
8.6.2 22nd Energy Level
8.6.3 23rd Energy Level
8.6.4 24th Energy Level
8.6.5 25th Energy Level
8.7.1 26th Energy Level
8.7.2 27th Energy Level
8.7.3 28th Energy Level
8.7.4 29th Energy Level
9.1.1 30th Energy Level
9.2 Electrochemical Equivalent
0.99 g/amp-hr1.64 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
9.3 Electron Work Function
9.7 Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Solubility
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
10 Atomic
10.1 Atomic Number
10.2 Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d5 6s2
[Kr] 5s2
10.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)
10.3.1 Crystal Lattice
10.4 Atom
10.4.1 Number of Protons
10.4.3 Number of Neutrons
10.4.4 Number of Electrons
10.5 Radius of an Atom
10.5.1 Atomic Radius
137.00 pm215.00 pm
112
265
10.6.2 Covalent Radius
151.00 pm195.00 pm
96
260
10.6.3 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm249.00 pm
139
348
10.7 Atomic Weight
186.21 amu87.62 amu
6.94
294
10.8 Atomic Volume
8.85 cm3/mol33.70 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
10.9 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
10.9.1 Previous Element
10.9.2 Next Element
10.10 Valence Electron Potential
180.00 (-eV)25.70 (-eV)
8
392.42
10.12 Lattice Constant
276.10 pm608.49 pm
228.58
891.25
10.13 Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
10.14 Lattice C/A Ratio
11 Mechanical
11.1 Density
11.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
21.02 g/cm32.64 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
11.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
18.90 g/cm32.38 g/cm3
0.512
20
11.4 Tensile Strength
11.5 Viscosity
11.6 Vapor Pressure
11.6.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
NA121.00 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
11.7.1 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
11.8 Elasticity properties
11.8.1 Shear Modulus
178.00 GPa6.03 GPa
1.3
222
11.9.1 Bulk Modulus
12.1.2 Young's Modulus
463.00 GPa15.70 GPa
1.7
528
12.2 Poisson Ratio
12.3 Other Mechanical Properties
13 Magnetic
13.1 Magnetic Characteristics
13.1.1 Specific Gravity
13.1.3 Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
13.1.4 Permeability
13.1.5 Susceptibility
13.2 Electrical Properties
13.2.1 Electrical Property
13.2.2 Resistivity
193.00 nΩ·m132.00 nΩ·m
0.18
961
13.3.1 Electrical Conductivity
0.05 106/cm Ω0.08 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
13.4.1 Electron Affinity
14.50 kJ/mol5.03 kJ/mol
0
222.8
14 Thermal
14.1 Specific Heat
0.13 J/(kg K)0.30 J/(kg K)
0.11
3.6
14.2 Molar Heat Capacity
25.48 J/mol·K26.40 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
14.3 Thermal Conductivity
48.00 W/m·K35.40 W/m·K
6.3
429
14.5 Critical Temperature
14.6 Thermal Expansion
6.20 µm/(m·K)22.50 µm/(m·K)
4.5
97
14.7 Enthalpy
14.7.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
707.10 kJ/mol150.00 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
14.7.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
33.05 kJ/mol9.16 kJ/mol
2.1
35.23
14.7.4 Enthalpy of Atomization
791.00 kJ/mol163.20 kJ/mol
61.5
837
14.8 Standard Molar Entropy
36.90 J/mol.K55.00 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1