1 Periodic Table
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Group Number
1.3 Period Number
1.4 Block
1.5 Element Family
Transition Metal
Post-Transition
1.6 CAS Number
538503657440315
7429905
54386242
1.7 Space Group Name
1.8 Space Group Number
2 Facts
2.1 Interesting Facts
- Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
- Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
2.2 Sources
Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced
Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 Who Discovered
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
Unknown
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 Abundance
2.4.1 Abundance In Universe
2.4.2 Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %~0.0000009 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites
2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust
2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans
2.4.6 Abundance In Humans
3 Uses
3.1 Uses & Benefits
- Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
-
Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
3.1.1 Industrial Uses
NA
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
3.1.2 Medical Uses
3.1.3 Other Uses
Alloys, Research Purposes
NA
3.2 Biological Properties
3.2.1 Toxicity
3.2.2 Present in Human Body
3.2.3 In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.38 Blood/mg dm-3
0
1970
3.2.4 In Bone
0.00 p.p.m.1.40 p.p.m.
0
170000
4 Physical
4.1 Melting Point
2,100.00 °C231.90 °C
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
5,500.00 °C2,270.00 °C
147
5660
4.3 Appearance
4.3.1 Physical State
4.3.2 Color
4.3.3 Luster
4.4 Hardness
4.4.1 Mohs Hardness
4.4.2 Brinell Hardness
4.4.3 Vickers Hardness
4.5 Speed of Sound
4.6 Optical Properties
4.6.1 Refractive Index
4.6.2 Reflectivity
4.7 Allotropes
4.7.1 α Allotropes
Not Available
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
4.7.2 β Allotropes
Not Available
White Tin (Beta Tin)
4.7.3 γ Allotropes
Not Available
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
5 Chemical
5.1 Chemical Formula
5.2 Isotopes
5.2.1 Known Isotopes
5.3 Electronegativity
5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity
5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.5 Ionization Energies
5.5.1 1st Energy Level
579.90 kJ/mol708.60 kJ/mol
375.7
26130
5.5.2 2nd Energy Level
1,389.40 kJ/mol1,411.80 kJ/mol
710.2162
28750
5.5.3 3rd Energy Level
2,296.40 kJ/mol2,943.00 kJ/mol
1600
34230
5.5.4 4th Energy Level
3,077.90 kJ/mol3,930.30 kJ/mol
2780
37066
5.5.5 5th Energy Level
NA7,456.00 kJ/mol
4305.2
97510
5.5.6 6th Energy Level
5.5.7 7th Energy level
5.5.8 8th Energy Level
5.5.9 9th Energy Level
5.5.10 10th Energy Level
5.5.11 11th Energy Level
5.5.12 12th Energy Level
5.5.13 13th Energy Level
5.5.14 14th Energy Level
5.5.15 15th Energy Level
5.5.16 16th Energy Level
5.5.17 17th Energy Level
5.5.18 18th Energy Level
5.5.19 19th Energy Level
5.5.20 20th Energy Level
5.5.21 21st Energy Level
5.5.22 22nd Energy Level
5.5.23 23rd Energy Level
5.5.24 24th Energy Level
5.5.25 25th Energy Level
5.5.26 26th Energy Level
5.5.27 27th Energy Level
5.5.28 28th Energy Level
5.5.29 29th Energy Level
5.5.30 30th Energy Level
5.6 Electrochemical Equivalent
NA1.11 g/amp-hr
0.16812
8.3209
5.7 Electron Work Function
5.8 Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity
Ionization, Solubility
6 Atomic
6.1 Atomic Number
6.2 Electron Configuration
[Rn] 5f14 6d2 7s2
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
6.3 Crystal Structure
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Tetragonal (TETR)
6.3.1 Crystal Lattice
6.4 Atom
6.4.1 Number of Protons
6.4.2 Number of Neutrons
6.4.3 Number of Electrons
6.5 Radius of an Atom
6.5.1 Atomic Radius
150.00 pm140.00 pm
112
265
6.5.2 Covalent Radius
157.00 pm139.00 pm
96
260
1.4.2 Van der Waals Radius
1.5 Atomic Weight
267.00 amu118.71 amu
6.94
294
1.6 Atomic Volume
NA16.30 cm3/mol
1.39
71.07
1.7 Adjacent Atomic Numbers
1.7.1 Previous Element
1.7.2 Next Element
1.8 Valence Electron Potential
1.9 Lattice Constant
NA583.18 pm
228.58
891.25
1.10 Lattice Angles
1.11 Lattice C/A Ratio
2 Mechanical
2.1 Density
2.1.1 Density At Room Temperature
23.20 g/cm37.37 g/cm3
0.534
40.7
2.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
2.2 Tensile Strength
2.3 Viscosity
2.4 Vapor Pressure
2.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
2.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
2.5 Elasticity properties
2.5.1 Shear Modulus
2.5.2 Bulk Modulus
2.5.3 Young's Modulus
2.6 Poisson Ratio
2.7 Other Mechanical Properties
Unknown
Ductile, Malleable
3 Magnetic
3.1 Magnetic Characteristics
3.1.1 Specific Gravity
3.1.2 Magnetic Ordering
3.1.3 Permeability
3.1.4 Susceptibility
3.2 Electrical Properties
3.2.1 Electrical Property
3.2.2 Resistivity
3.2.3 Electrical Conductivity
NA0.09 106/cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
3.2.4 Electron Affinity
4 Thermal
4.1 Specific Heat
4.2 Molar Heat Capacity
NA27.11 J/mol·K
16.443
62.7
4.3 Thermal Conductivity
4.4 Critical Temperature
4.5 Thermal Expansion
4.6 Enthalpy
4.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization
NA290.40 kJ/mol
7.32
799.1
4.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion
4.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization
4.7 Standard Molar Entropy
NA51.20 J/mol.K
9.5
198.1