Symbol
Sn
Group Number
14
Rank: 4 (Overall)
0
17
👆🏻
Period Number
5
Rank: 3 (Overall)
2
7
👆🏻
Block
p block
Element Family
Post-Transition
CAS Number
7440315
Rank: 50 (Overall)
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Space Group Name
I41/amd
Space Group Number
141.00
Rank: 10 (Overall)
11
276
👆🏻
Interesting Facts
- In the list of most abundant element Tin is ranked 49th.
- Tin metal does not react with water as well as does not corrode in it.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
Who Discovered
-
Discovery
Before 3500 BC
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %
Rank: 21 (Overall)
0
0.11
👆🏻
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %
Rank: 19 (Overall)
0
0.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
Rank: 24 (Overall)
0
22
👆🏻
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
Rank: 34 (Overall)
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
Rank: 26 (Overall)
0
1.1
👆🏻
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %
Rank: 15 (Overall)
0
1.4
👆🏻
Uses & Benefits
- Tin-niobium alloy is used for producing superconducting magnets.
-
Tin salt known as a tin II chloride, it is used as a mordant and as a reducing agent for dyeing calico and silk.
Industrial Uses
Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Food Industry
Medical Uses
Dentistry
Other Uses
-
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Non Toxic
Present in Human Body
✔
✘
68% - Post Transition Metals Metals have it !
In Blood
0.38 Blood/mg dm-3
Rank: 10 (Overall)
0
1970
👆🏻
In Bone
1.40 p.p.m.
Rank: 17 (Overall)
0
170000
👆🏻
Melting Point
231.90 °C
Rank: 72 (Overall)
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
2,270.00 °C
Rank: 50 (Overall)
0
5660
👆🏻
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Color
Silvery White
Luster
-
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
1.50
Rank: 19 (Overall)
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell Hardness
50.00 MPa
Rank: 63 (Overall)
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers Hardness
50.00 MPa
Rank: 65 (Overall)
0
3920
👆🏻
Speed of Sound
2,730.00 m/s
Rank: 46 (Overall)
818
16200
👆🏻
Optical Properties
Refractive Index
2.40
Rank: 7 (Overall)
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
Reflectivity
51.00 %
Rank: 30 (Overall)
5
97
👆🏻
Allotropes
✔
✘
12% - Post Transition Metals Metals have it !
α Allotropes
Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)
β Allotropes
White Tin (Beta Tin)
γ Allotropes
Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)
Chemical Formula
Sn
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
35
Rank: 4 (Overall)
0
38
👆🏻
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.96
Rank: 9 (Overall)
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.49
Rank: 19 (Overall)
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.72
Rank: 5 (Overall)
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
2.21
Rank: 5 (Overall)
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Electronegativity
1.82
Rank: 14 (Overall)
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.04
Rank: 46 (Overall)
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 33 (Overall)
375.7
26130
👆🏻
2nd Energy Level
1,411.80 kJ/mol
Rank: 49 (Overall)
392.8
28750
👆🏻
3rd Energy Level
2,943.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 30 (Overall)
392.8
34230
👆🏻
4th Energy Level
3,930.30 kJ/mol
Rank: 51 (Overall)
375.7
37066
👆🏻
5th Energy Level
7,456.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 21 (Overall)
392
97510
👆🏻
6th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 44 (Overall)
1007
105800
👆🏻
7th Energy level
7,080.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 39 (Overall)
1007
114300
👆🏻
8th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 35 (Overall)
730
125300
👆🏻
9th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 32 (Overall)
1007
134700
👆🏻
10th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 36 (Overall)
392
144300
👆🏻
11th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 34 (Overall)
392
169988
👆🏻
12th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 53 (Overall)
0
189368
👆🏻
13th Energy Level
7,080.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 31 (Overall)
1007
76015
👆🏻
14th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 81 (Overall)
380
86450
👆🏻
15th Energy Level
70,800.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 27 (Overall)
33000
100700
👆🏻
16th Energy Level
70,800.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 22 (Overall)
375.7
109480
👆🏻
17th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 42 (Overall)
375.7
122200
👆🏻
18th Energy Level
7,086.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 33 (Overall)
0
134810
👆🏻
19th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 39 (Overall)
375.7
148700
👆🏻
20th Energy Level
708.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 33 (Overall)
0
171200
👆🏻
21st Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 52 (Overall)
375.7
179100
👆🏻
22nd Energy Level
708.00 kJ/mol
Rank: 27 (Overall)
330
184900
👆🏻
23rd Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 52 (Overall)
357.6
198800
👆🏻
24th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 26 (Overall)
297.3
195200
👆🏻
25th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 28 (Overall)
0
121900
👆🏻
26th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 27 (Overall)
357.6
127700
👆🏻
27th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 27 (Overall)
0
133800
👆🏻
28th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 32 (Overall)
297.3
139800
👆🏻
29th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 33 (Overall)
0
148100
👆🏻
30th Energy Level
708.60 kJ/mol
Rank: 27 (Overall)
0
154500
👆🏻
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.11 g/amp-hr
Rank: 59 (Overall)
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Electron Work Function
4.42 eV
Rank: 22 (Overall)
2.14
6
👆🏻
Other Chemical Properties
Ionization, Solubility
Atomic Number
50
Rank: 62 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Electron Configuration
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
Crystal Structure
Tetragonal (TETR)
Crystal Lattice
Atom
Number of Protons
50
Rank: 61 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Number of Neutrons
69
Rank: 45 (Overall)
4
285
👆🏻
Number of Electrons
50
Rank: 61 (Overall)
3
117
👆🏻
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
140.00 pm
Rank: 40 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Covalent Radius
139.00 pm
Rank: 47 (Overall)
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
217.00 pm
Rank: 29 (Overall)
0
348
👆🏻
Atomic Weight
118.71 amu
Rank: 56 (Overall)
6.94
294
👆🏻
Atomic Volume
16.30 cm3/mol
Rank: 47 (Overall)
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Previous Element
Next Element
Valence Electron Potential
83.50 (-eV)
Rank: 14 (Overall)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Lattice Constant
583.18 pm
Rank: 7 (Overall)
0
891.25
👆🏻
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
Lattice C/A Ratio
0.68
Rank: 64 (Overall)
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Density
Density At Room Temperature
7.37 g/cm3
Rank: 59 (Overall)
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
6.99 g/cm3
Rank: 63 (Overall)
0.512
41
👆🏻
Tensile Strength
15.00 MPa
Rank: 48 (Overall)
0.1
11000
👆🏻
Viscosity
0.00
Rank: 15 (Overall)
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 18 (Overall)
0
121
👆🏻
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 38 (Overall)
0
774
👆🏻
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
18.00 GPa
Rank: 46 (Overall)
1.3
222
👆🏻
Bulk Modulus
58.00 GPa
Rank: 21 (Overall)
0
462
👆🏻
Young's Modulus
50.00 GPa
Rank: 39 (Overall)
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson Ratio
0.36
Rank: 8 (Overall)
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
7.31
Rank: 58 (Overall)
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Magnetic Ordering
Diamagnetic
Permeability
0.00 H/m
Rank: 17 (Overall)
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
Susceptibility
0.00
Rank: 30 (Overall)
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Superconductor
Resistivity
115.00 nΩ·m
Rank: 28 (Overall)
0.1
961
👆🏻
Electrical Conductivity
0.09 106/cm Ω
Rank: 28 (Overall)
0
0.63
👆🏻
Electron Affinity
107.30 kJ/mol
Rank: 9 (Overall)
0
222.8
👆🏻
Specific Heat
0.23 J/(kg K)
Rank: 28 (Overall)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Molar Heat Capacity
27.11 J/mol·K
Rank: 26 (Overall)
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
Thermal Conductivity
66.80 W/m·K
Rank: 25 (Overall)
0
429
👆🏻
Critical Temperature
505.00 K
Rank: 73 (Overall)
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Thermal Expansion
22.00 µm/(m·K)
Rank: 21 (Overall)
4.5
97
👆🏻
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
290.40 kJ/mol
Rank: 50 (Overall)
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Fusion
7.03 kJ/mol
Rank: 54 (Overall)
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy of Atomization
301.30 kJ/mol
Rank: 46 (Overall)
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard Molar Entropy
51.20 J/mol.K
Rank: 40 (Overall)
9.5
198.1
👆🏻