Rutherfordium

Aluminium

Rutherfordium vs Aluminium

Rutherfordium

Aluminium

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1 Periodic Table

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Group Number

413

0 17

1.3 Period Number

2 7

1.4 Block

d block

p block

1.5 Element Family

Transition Metal

Post-Transition

1.6 CAS Number

538503657429905

7429905 54386242

1.7 Space Group Name

Not Available

Fm_ 3m

1.8 Space Group Number

NA225.00

11 229

2 Facts

2.1 Interesting Facts

Rutherfordium does not occur in nature as it is a synthetic element.
Till date Rutherfordium metal has 15 radioisotopes created synthetically.

Aluminum’s abundance percentage is more as it is found in more than 260 minerals.

Pure Aluminum always reacts with oxygen rapidly.

It is a good conductor of heat and electricity and used in transmission lines.

2.2 Sources

Bombarding Plutonium with Accelerated 113 to 115 MeV Neon Ions, Synthetically Produced

By Electrolysis Process, Earth's crust, Mining

2.3 History

2.3.1 Who Discovered

Joint Institute for Nuclear Research

Hans Christian Oersted

2.3.2 Discovery

In 1964

In 1825

2.4 Abundance

2.4.1 Abundance In Universe

NA5 * 10^-3 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Abundance In Sun

~-9999 %~0.006 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Abundance In Meteorites

NA0.91 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Abundance In Earth's Crust

NA8.10 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Abundance In Oceans

NA0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Abundance In Humans

NA0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

3 Uses

3.1 Uses & Benefits

Currently known uses of Rutherfordium metal are limited to research purpose only.

Aluminum is used in a various products; for example, cans, foils, kitchen utensils, window frames, beer kegs and aero plane parts, automobile parts, etc.

3.1.1 Industrial Uses

Aerospace Industry, Ammunition Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry

3.1.2 Medical Uses

Dentistry, Pharmaceutical Industry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing

3.1.3 Other Uses

Alloys, Research Purposes

Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues

3.2 Biological Properties

3.2.1 Toxicity

Unknown

Non Toxic

3.2.2 Present in Human Body

✔ ✘

3.2.3 In Blood

0.00 Blood/mg dm-30.39 Blood/mg dm-3

0 1970

3.2.4 In Bone

0.00 p.p.m.27.00 p.p.m.

0 170000

4 Physical

4.1 Melting Point

2,100.00 °C660.37 °C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

5,500.00 °C2,467.00 °C

147 5660

4.3 Appearance

4.3.1 Physical State

Solid

4.3.2 Color

Unknown

Silvery Gray

4.3.3 Luster

Unknown Luster

Metallic

4.4 Hardness

4.4.1 Mohs Hardness

NA2.75

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell Hardness

NA160.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers Hardness

NA160.00 MPa

121 3430

4.5 Speed of Sound

NA5,000.00 m/s

818 16200

4.6 Optical Properties

4.6.1 Refractive Index

NANA

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 Reflectivity

NA71.00 %

58 97

4.7 Allotropes

✔ ✘

4.7.1 α Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.2 β Allotropes

Not Available

4.7.3 γ Allotropes

Not Available

5 Chemical

5.1 Chemical Formula

5.2 Isotopes

5.2.1 Known Isotopes

1311

0 38

5.3 Electronegativity

5.3.1 Pauling Electronegativity

NA1.61

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Electronegativity

NA1.71

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Electronegativity

NA1.47

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity

NA1.83

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Electronegativity

NA1.61

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

NA2.39

1.46 3.3

5.5 Ionization Energies

5.5.1 1st Energy Level

579.90 kJ/mol577.50 kJ/mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 2nd Energy Level

1,389.40 kJ/mol1,816.70 kJ/mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 3rd Energy Level

2,296.40 kJ/mol2,744.80 kJ/mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 4th Energy Level

3,077.90 kJ/mol11,577.00 kJ/mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 5th Energy Level

NA14,842.00 kJ/mol

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 6th Energy Level

NA18,379.00 kJ/mol

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 7th Energy level

NA23,326.00 kJ/mol

7226.8 114300

1.1.1 8th Energy Level

NA27,465.00 kJ/mol

8857.4 125300

1.1.2 9th Energy Level

NA31,853.00 kJ/mol

14110 134700

1.2.1 10th Energy Level

NA38,473.00 kJ/mol

17100 144300

1.3.1 11th Energy Level

NA42,647.00 kJ/mol

19900 169988

1.3.2 12th Energy Level

NANA

22219 189368

1.4.1 13th Energy Level

NANA

26930 76015

1.5.1 14th Energy Level

NANA

29196 86450

1.5.2 15th Energy Level

NANA

41987 97510

1.6.2 16th Energy Level

NANA

47206 109480

1.6.4 17th Energy Level

NANA

52737 122200

1.6.5 18th Energy Level

NANA

58570 134810

1.6.7 19th Energy Level

NANA

64702 148700

1.6.8 20th Energy Level

NANA

80400 171200

1.7.1 21st Energy Level

NANA

87000 179100

1.7.2 22nd Energy Level

NANA

93400 184900

1.7.3 23rd Energy Level

NANA

98420 198800

1.7.4 24th Energy Level

NANA

104400 195200

1.7.5 25th Energy Level

NANA

121900 121900

1.7.6 26th Energy Level

NANA

127700 127700

1.7.7 27th Energy Level

NANA

133800 133800

1.7.8 28th Energy Level

NANA

139800 139800

1.7.9 29th Energy Level

NANA

148100 148100

1.7.10 30th Energy Level

NANA

154500 154500

1.8 Electrochemical Equivalent

NA0.34 g/amp-hr

0.16812 8.3209

1.9 Electron Work Function

NA4.28 eV

2.14 5.65

1.10 Other Chemical Properties

Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity

Chemical Stability, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes

2 Atomic

2.1 Atomic Number

10413

3 117

2.2 Electron Configuration

[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d² 7s²

[Ne] 3s² 3p¹

2.3 Crystal Structure

Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)

Face Centered Cubic (FCC)

2.3.1 Crystal Lattice

2.4 Atom

2.4.1 Number of Protons

10413

3 117

2.4.2 Number of Neutrons

15714

4 184

2.4.3 Number of Electrons

10413

3 117

2.5 Radius of an Atom

2.5.1 Atomic Radius

150.00 pm143.00 pm

112 265

2.5.2 Covalent Radius

157.00 pm121.00 pm

96 260

2.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

NA184.00 pm

139 348

2.6 Atomic Weight

267.00 amu26.98 amu

6.94 294

2.7 Atomic Volume

NA10.00 cm3/mol

1.39 71.07

2.8 Adjacent Atomic Numbers

2.8.1 Previous Element

2.8.2 Next Element

2.9 Valence Electron Potential

NA80.70 (-eV)

8 392.42

2.10 Lattice Constant

NA404.95 pm

228.58 891.25

2.11 Lattice Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

2.12 Lattice C/A Ratio

NANA

1.567 1.886

3 Mechanical

3.1 Density

3.1.1 Density At Room Temperature

23.20 g/cm³2.70 g/cm³

0.534 40.7

3.1.2 Density When Liquid (at m.p.)

NA2.38 g/cm3

0.512 20

3.2 Tensile Strength

NA40.00 MPa

2.5 11000

3.3 Viscosity

NANA

0.001526 0.001526

3.4 Vapor Pressure

3.4.1 Vapor Pressure at 1000 K

NA0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

3.4.2 Vapor Pressure at 2000 K

NANA

2.62E-10 774

3.5 Elasticity properties

3.5.1 Shear Modulus

NA26.00 GPa

1.3 222

3.5.2 Bulk Modulus

NA76.00 GPa

1.6 462

3.5.3 Young's Modulus

NA70.00 GPa

1.7 528

3.6 Poisson Ratio

NA0.35

0.032 0.47

3.7 Other Mechanical Properties

Unknown

Ductile, Malleable

4 Magnetic

4.1 Magnetic Characteristics

4.1.1 Specific Gravity

NA2.72

0.53 4500

4.1.2 Magnetic Ordering

Unknown

Paramagnetic

4.1.3 Permeability

NA0.00 H/m

1.25643E-06 0.0063

4.1.4 Susceptibility

NA0.00

-0.000166 200000

4.2 Electrical Properties

4.2.1 Electrical Property

Unknown

Conductor

4.2.2 Resistivity

NA28.20 nΩ·m

0.18 961

4.2.3 Electrical Conductivity

NA0.38 10⁶/cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

4.2.4 Electron Affinity

NA42.50 kJ/mol

0 222.8

5 Thermal

5.1 Specific Heat

NA0.90 J/(kg K)

0.11 3.6

5.2 Molar Heat Capacity

NA24.20 J/mol·K

16.443 62.7

5.3 Thermal Conductivity

NA237.00 W/m·K

6.3 429

5.4 Critical Temperature

NANA

26.3 3223

5.5 Thermal Expansion

NA23.10 µm/(m·K)

4.5 97

5.6 Enthalpy

5.6.1 Enthalpy of Vaporization

NA293.70 kJ/mol

7.32 799.1

5.6.2 Enthalpy of Fusion

NA10.67 kJ/mol

2.1 35.23

5.6.3 Enthalpy of Atomization

NA322.20 kJ/mol

61.5 837

5.7 Standard Molar Entropy

NA28.30 J/mol.K

9.5 198.1

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