Tantalum vs Praseodymium
Periodic Table
Symbol
Ta
Pr
Group Number
5
13
Not Available
Period Number
6
6
Block
d block
f block
Element Family
Transition Metal
Lanthanide
CAS Number
7440257
99+
7440100
99+
Space Group Name
Im_ 3m
P63/mmc
Space Group Number
229.00
1
194.00
5
Facts
Interesting Facts
- Tantalum metal is known as corrosion resistance.
- Tantalum metal can easily fabricated and It is a good conductor of heat and electricity.
- Praseodymium metal is synthetically produced metal.
- Praseodymium is used as possible fuel for radioactive generators.
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores of Minerals
History
Who Discovered
Anders Gustaf Ekeberg
Not Available
Discovery
In 1802
In 1885
Abundance
Abundance In Universe
8 * 10-9 %
31
2 * 10-7 %
22
Abundance In Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0000001 %
26
Abundance In Meteorites
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
40
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.00 %
37
0.00 %
27
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %
31
0.00 %
39
Uses
Uses & Benefits
- Tantalum metal is mainly used in the manufacturing of electron components. Its Oxide layer acts as an insulator.
- Tantalum metal is also used in surgical transplant like replacement of bone, skull plates and as a woven gauze.
- The main use of Praseodymium include alloys. Praseodymium –Magnesium alloy is used in aircraft engines due to its high strength.
- This metal is also used while making a permanent magnets.
Industrial Uses
Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry
Chemical Industry
Medical Uses
NA
NA
Other Uses
Alloys
Alloys
Biological Properties
Toxicity
Low Toxic
Moderately Toxic
Present in Human Body
Yes
No
In Bone
0.03 p.p.m.
28
Not Available
Physical Properties
Melting Point
2,996.00 °C
4
935.00 °C
99+
Boiling Point
5,425.00 °C
4
3,130.00 °C
27
Appearance
Physical State
Solid
Solid
Color
Gray Blue
Grayish White
Luster
Metallic
Metallic
Hardness
Mohs Hardness
6.50
5
Not Available
Brinell Hardness
440.00 MPa
28
481.00 MPa
24
Vickers Hardness
870.00 MPa
12
400.00 MPa
25
Speed of Sound
3,400.00 m/s
22
2,280.00 m/s
40
Optical Properties
Reflectivity
78.00 %
6
Not Available
Allotropes
No
No
α Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
β Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
γ Allotropes
Not Available
Not Available
Chemical Properties
Chemical Formula
Ta
Pr
Isotopes
Known Isotopes
31
8
31
8
Electronegativity
Pauling Electronegativity
1.50
27
1.13
99+
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.33
22
1.07
32
Allen Electronegativity
1.34
33
Not Available
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.50
27
2.87
12
Ionization Energies
1st Energy Level
761.00 kJ/mol
18
527.00 kJ/mol
99+
2nd Energy Level
1,500.00 kJ/mol
40
1,020.00 kJ/mol
99+
3rd Energy Level
Not Available
2,086.00 kJ/mol
99+
4th Energy Level
Not Available
3,761.00 kJ/mol
99+
5th Energy Level
Not Available
5,551.00 kJ/mol
29
Electrochemical Equivalent
1.35 g/amp-hr
99+
1.75 g/amp-hr
40
Electron Work Function
4.25 eV
21
2.70 eV
99+
Other Chemical Properties
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity, Solubility
Anti Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes
Atomic Properties
Atomic Number
73
99+
59
99+
Electron Configuration
[Xe] 4f14 5d3 6s2
[Xe] 4f3 6s2
Crystal Structure
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)
Hexagonal Close Packed (HCP)
Crystal Lattice
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Praseodymium.jpg#100
Atom
Number of Protons
73
99+
59
99+
Number of Neutrons
108
28
82
99+
Number of Electrons
73
99+
59
99+
Radius of an Atom
Atomic Radius
146.00 pm
35
182.00 pm
11
Covalent Radius
170.00 pm
25
203.00 pm
9
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
239.00 pm
14
Atomic Weight
180.95 amu
38
140.91 amu
99+
Atomic Volume
10.90 cm3/mol
99+
20.80 cm3/mol
15
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
Valence Electron Potential
110.00 (-eV)
7
42.64 (-eV)
99+
Lattice Constant
330.13 pm
99+
367.25 pm
29
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Lattice C/A Ratio
Not Available
1.61
4
Mechanical Properties
Density
Density At Room Temperature
16.69 g/cm3
18
6.77 g/cm3
99+
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
15.00 g/cm3
9
6.50 g/cm3
39
Tensile Strength
Not Available
Not Available
Viscosity
Not Available
Not Available
Vapor Pressure
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
Not Available
0.00 (Pa)
25
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
31
13.20 (Pa)
7
Elasticity properties
Shear Modulus
69.00 GPa
13
14.80 GPa
39
Bulk Modulus
200.00 GPa
8
28.80 GPa
40
Young's Modulus
186.00 GPa
13
37.30 GPa
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.34
10
0.28
16
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile
Ductile, Malleable
Magnetic Properties
Magnetic Characteristics
Specific Gravity
16.65
11
6.77
99+
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic
Paramagnetic
Electrical Properties
Electrical Property
Conductor
Conductor
Resistivity
131.00 nΩ·m
25
0.70 nΩ·m
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.08 106/cm Ω
27
0.01 106/cm Ω
99+
Electron Affinity
31.00 kJ/mol
29
50.00 kJ/mol
21
Thermal Properties
Specific Heat
0.14 J/(kg K)
37
0.19 J/(kg K)
32
Molar Heat Capacity
25.36 J/mol·K
99+
27.20 J/mol·K
18
Thermal Conductivity
57.50 W/m·K
27
12.50 W/m·K
99+
Critical Temperature
Not Available
Not Available
Thermal Expansion
6.30 µm/(m·K)
99+
6.70 µm/(m·K)
99+
Enthalpy
Enthalpy of Vaporization
753.10 kJ/mol
2
296.80 kJ/mol
29
Enthalpy of Fusion
31.40 kJ/mol
3
6.89 kJ/mol
99+
Enthalpy of Atomization
782.00 kJ/mol
3
368.00 kJ/mol
24
Standard Molar Entropy
41.50 J/mol.K
37
73.20 J/mol.K
10
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