Home
 Compare Metals

Thorium vs Roentgenium

Thorium
Roentgenium
Roentgenium vs Thorium


Periodic Table
Symbol
Th  
Rg  
Group Number
0  
18
11  
7
Period Number
7  
7  
Block
f block  
d block  
Element Family
Actinide  
-  
CAS Number
7440326  
99+
54386242  
1
Space Group Name
P63/mmc  
-  
Space Group Number
194.00  
7
194.00  
7
Facts
Interesting Facts
  • Thorium metal is used as an alternate option over Uranium for nuclear fuel.
  • Thorium metals appearance (silvery white, soft) is somewhat similar to Lead metal.
  
Roentgenium is a highly unstable synthetic element.  
Sources
Found in Minerals, Mining  
Synthetically Produced  
History
  
  
Who Discovered
Jöns Jakob Berzelius  
Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung  
Discovery
In 1829  
In 1994  
Abundance
  
  
Abundance In Universe
0.00 %  
10
0.00 %  
40
Abundance In Sun
0.00 %  
9
-  
Abundance In Meteorites
0.05 %  
11
-  
Abundance In Earth's Crust
0.66 %  
7
-  
Abundance In Oceans
0.00 %  
15
-  
Abundance In Humans
0.00 %  
24
-  
Uses
Uses & Benefits
  • Thorium metal is used as an allying agent for Magnesium, It imparts greater strength and resistance to temperature.
  • compound of this metal Thorium oxide is used as an industrial catalyst.
  
  • Currently known uses of Roentgenium metal are limited to research purpose only.
  
Industrial Uses
Aerospace Industry, Automobile Industry, Chemical Industry, Electrical Industry, Electronic Industry  
-  
Medical Uses
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing  
-  
Other Uses
Alloys, Jewellery, Sculptures, Statues  
Research Purposes  
Biological Properties
  
  
Toxicity
Non Toxic  
-  
Present in Human Body
Yes  
No  
In Blood
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
36
0.00 Blood/mg dm-3  
40
In Bone
0.02 p.p.m.  
34
0.00 p.p.m.  
99+
Physical
Melting Point
1,750.00 °C  
17
-  
Boiling Point
4,790.00 °C  
8
2,800.00 °C  
38
Appearance
  
  
Physical State
Solid  
Solid  
Color
Silver  
Silver  
Luster
-  
Unknown Luster  
Hardness
  
  
Mohs Hardness
3.00  
13
-  
Brinell Hardness
390.00 MPa  
35
700.00 MPa  
17
Vickers Hardness
295.00 MPa  
99+
450.00 MPa  
38
Speed of Sound
2,490.00 m/s  
99+
3,430.00 m/s  
32
Optical Properties
  
  
Refractive Index
1.60  
33
1.30  
99+
Reflectivity
15.00 %  
36
64.00 %  
19
Allotropes
No  
No  
α Allotropes
-  
-  
β Allotropes
-  
-  
γ Allotropes
-  
-  
Chemical
Chemical Formula
Th  
Rg  
Isotopes
  
  
Known Isotopes
28  
11
1  
34
Electronegativity
  
  
Pauling Electronegativity
1.30  
33
0.00  
99+
Sanderson Electronegativity
1.30  
25
1.90  
13
Allred Rochow Electronegativity
1.11  
30
1.30  
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity
1.30  
33
0.90  
99+
Allen Electronegativity
1.30  
40
0.80  
99+
Electropositivity
  
  
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70  
22
2.20  
39
Ionization Energies
  
  
1st Energy Level
587.00 kJ/mol  
99+
1,022.70 kJ/mol  
3
2nd Energy Level
1,110.00 kJ/mol  
99+
2,074.40 kJ/mol  
10
3rd Energy Level
1,978.00 kJ/mol  
99+
3,077.90 kJ/mol  
24
4th Energy Level
2,780.00 kJ/mol  
99+
4,052.40 kJ/mol  
99+
5th Energy Level
5,870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,306.70 kJ/mol  
99+
6th Energy Level
5,870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11,100.00 kJ/mol  
10
7th Energy level
5,870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8th Energy Level
5,870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
9th Energy Level
5,870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,650.00 kJ/mol  
99+
10th Energy Level
5,870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
99+
11th Energy Level
5,870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,300.00 kJ/mol  
24
12th Energy Level
5,870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,300.00 kJ/mol  
99+
13th Energy Level
5,870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,700.00 kJ/mol  
16
14th Energy Level
5,870.00 kJ/mol  
38
8,300.00 kJ/mol  
16
15th Energy Level
58,700.00 kJ/mol  
99+
87,000.00 kJ/mol  
9
16th Energy Level
58,700.00 kJ/mol  
39
83,000.00 kJ/mol  
11
17th Energy Level
587.40 kJ/mol  
99+
830.80 kJ/mol  
30
18th Energy Level
5,870.00 kJ/mol  
99+
8,300.00 kJ/mol  
19
19th Energy Level
587.00 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
20th Energy Level
587.00 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
21st Energy Level
587.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
22nd Energy Level
587.00 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
23rd Energy Level
587.00 kJ/mol  
99+
5,800.00 kJ/mol  
21
24th Energy Level
587.00 kJ/mol  
99+
538.70 kJ/mol  
99+
25th Energy Level
587.00 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
26th Energy Level
587.40 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
27th Energy Level
587.40 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
28th Energy Level
587.40 kJ/mol  
99+
880.00 kJ/mol  
8
29th Energy Level
587.00 kJ/mol  
99+
580.00 kJ/mol  
99+
30th Energy Level
587.40 kJ/mol  
99+
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
Electrochemical Equivalent
2.16 g/amp-hr  
28
3.10 g/amp-hr  
18
Electron Work Function
3.41 eV  
99+
4.90 eV  
12
Other Chemical Properties
Corrosion, Ionization, Radioactive Isotopes, Radioactivity  
-  
Atomic
Atomic Number
90  
28
111  
7
Electron Configuration
[Rn] 6d2 7s2  
[Rn] 5f14 6d9 7s2  
Crystal Structure
Face Centered Cubic (FCC)  
Body Centered Cubic (BCC)  
Crystal Lattice
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Thorium.jpg#100  
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100  
Atom
  
  
Number of Protons
90  
28
111  
7
Number of Neutrons
142  
16
161  
4
Number of Electrons
90  
28
111  
7
Radius of an Atom
  
  
Atomic Radius
179.80 pm  
17
200.00 pm  
7
Covalent Radius
206.00 pm  
7
126.00 pm  
99+
Van der Waals Radius
237.00 pm  
19
280.00 pm  
6
Atomic Weight
232.04 amu  
23
281.00 amu  
6
Atomic Volume
19.90 cm3/mol  
32
28.70 cm3/mol  
12
Adjacent Atomic Numbers
  
  
Previous Element
Actinium
  
Darmstadtium
  
Next Element
Protactinium
  
Copernicium
  
Valence Electron Potential
59.30 (-eV)  
24
11.90 (-eV)  
99+
Lattice Constant
508.42 pm  
16
0.00 pm  
99+
Lattice Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2  
-  
Lattice C/A Ratio
1.10  
99+
1.90  
1
Mechanical
Density
  
  
Density At Room Temperature
11.72 g/cm3  
34
28.70 g/cm3  
6
Density When Liquid (at m.p.)
11.72 g/cm3  
32
28.70 g/cm3  
7
Tensile Strength
75.00 MPa  
30
65.00 MPa  
33
Viscosity
0.00  
23
0.00  
25
Vapor Pressure
  
  
Vapor Pressure at 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
37
0.00 (Pa)  
37
Vapor Pressure at 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)  
22
0.00 (Pa)  
99+
Elasticity properties
  
  
Shear Modulus
31.00 GPa  
25
26.00 GPa  
36
Bulk Modulus
54.00 GPa  
23
0.00 GPa  
99+
Young's Modulus
79.00 GPa  
26
12.70 GPa  
99+
Poisson Ratio
0.27  
20
0.30  
14
Other Mechanical Properties
Ductile  
-  
Magnetic
Magnetic Characteristics
  
  
Specific Gravity
11.70  
36
28.70  
8
Magnetic Ordering
Paramagnetic  
-  
Permeability
0.00 H/m  
17
0.00 H/m  
12
Susceptibility
0.00  
24
0.00  
24
Electrical Properties
  
  
Electrical Property
Superconductor  
-  
Resistivity
157.00 nΩ·m  
22
0.20 nΩ·m  
99+
Electrical Conductivity
0.07 106/cm Ω  
36
0.00 106/cm Ω  
99+
Electron Affinity
0.00 kJ/mol  
99+
50.00 kJ/mol  
26
Thermal
Specific Heat
0.12 J/(kg K)  
99+
0.13 J/(kg K)  
40
Molar Heat Capacity
26.23 J/mol·K  
38
23.70 J/mol·K  
99+
Thermal Conductivity
54.00 W/m·K  
28
0.10 W/m·K  
99+
Critical Temperature
2,023.00 K  
20
1,100.00 K  
99+
Thermal Expansion
11.00 µm/(m·K)  
99+
12.60 µm/(m·K)  
40
Enthalpy
  
  
Enthalpy of Vaporization
429.00 kJ/mol  
20
580.00 kJ/mol  
12
Enthalpy of Fusion
15.48 kJ/mol  
19
-  
Enthalpy of Atomization
468.60 kJ/mol  
20
580.00 kJ/mol  
14
Standard Molar Entropy
27.30 J/mol.K  
99+
57.00 J/mol.K  
30
Periodic Table >>
<< All

Compare Actinide Series

Actinide Series

Actinide Series

» More Actinide Series

Compare Actinide Series

» More Compare Actinide Series
Home | About | Contact | Disclaimer | Terms of use
© A softusvista inc. venture!