1 Tabel périodik
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Panggil Group
1.3 Panggil periode
1.4 Block
s pemblokiran
pemblokiran f
1.5 Family unsur
1.6 CAS Number
74403937440326
7429905
54386242
1.7 Jeneng papan Group
1.8 Space Group Number
2 facts
2.1 Facts Interesting
Character length exceed error
- metal Thorium digunakake minangka pilihan sulih liwat Uranium kanggo bahan bakar nuklir.
- Thorium logam katon (putih, alus) iku kaya-kaya padha Lead logam.
2.2 sumber
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
2.3 History
2.3.1 sing katutup
Carl Wilhelm Scheele
Jöns Jakob Berzelius
2.3.2 Discovery
2.4 turah mbrawah
2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
1 * 10-6 %3 * 10-4 %
5E-09
0.11
2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.000001 %~0.0004 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %ora Sumadhiya
1E-13
1.4
3 ulah
3.1 Ulah lan Wuku
- Punika digugat ing Manufaktur Paint kimia lan Manufaktur kaca.
- Senyawa saka logam beracun; nanging isih barium sulfat punika insoluble lan diwenehi kanggo patients gerah saka kelainan pencernaan.
- metal Thorium digunakake minangka agen allying kanggo Magnesium, Iku imparts kekuatan luwih lan resistance kanggo suhu.
- senyawa saka logam Thorium oxide digunakake minangka katalis industri.
3.1.1 Ulah Industrial
Industry amunisi, Industry automobile, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
3.1.2 Ulah Medical
NA
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
3.1.3 Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi, Jewellery, patung, Statues
3.2 Properties biologi
3.2.1 keracunan
3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human
3.2.3 Sang
0.07 Sang / mg dm-30.00 Sang / mg dm-3
0
1970
3.2.4 ing Bone
70.00 ppm0.02 ppm
0
170000
4 fisik
4.1 leleh Point
725.00 ° C1,750.00 ° C
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
1,140.00 ° C4,790.00 ° C
147
5660
4.3 katon
4.3.1 State fisik
4.3.2 warna
4.3.3 luster
4.4 atose
4.4.1 Mohs atose
4.4.2 Brinell atose
ora Sumadhiya390.00 MPa
0.14
3490
4.4.3 Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya295.00 MPa
121
3430
4.5 Kacepetan swara
1,620.00 m / s2,490.00 m / s
818
16200
4.6 Properties Optical
4.6.1 bias Index
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.000933
1.7229
4.6.2 reflectivity
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
58
97
4.7 allotropes
4.7.1 α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
4.7.2 β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
4.7.3 γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
5 Kimia
5.1 Formula Kimia
5.2 isotop
5.2.1 Isotop dikenal
5.3 keelektronegatifan
5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas
5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas
0.68ora Sumadhiya
0.22
2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
0.88ora Sumadhiya
0.62
2.48
5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas
0.88ora Sumadhiya
0.659
2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
5.5 tenogo ionisasi
5.5.1 Level Energy 1st
502.90 kJ / mol587.00 kJ / mol
375.7
26130
5.5.2 Level Energy 2
965.20 kJ / mol1,110.00 kJ / mol
710.2162
28750
5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd
3,600.00 kJ / mol1,978.00 kJ / mol
1600
34230
5.5.4 Level Energy 4
ora Sumadhiya2,780.00 kJ / mol
2780
37066
5.5.5 Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
4305.2
97510
5.5.6 Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
5715.8
105800
5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
7226.8
114300
5.5.8 Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
8857.4
125300
5.5.9 Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
14110
134700
5.5.10 Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
17100
144300
5.5.11 Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
19900
169988
5.5.12 Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
22219
189368
5.5.13 Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
26930
76015
5.5.14 Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
29196
86450
5.5.15 Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
41987
97510
5.5.16 Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
47206
109480
5.5.17 Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
52737
122200
5.5.18 Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
58570
134810
5.5.19 Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
64702
148700
5.5.20 Level Energy 20
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
80400
171200
5.5.21 Level Energy 21
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
87000
179100
5.5.22 Level Energy 22
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
93400
184900
5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
98420
198800
5.5.24 Level Energy 24
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
104400
195200
5.5.25 Level Energy 25th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
121900
121900
5.5.26 Level Energy 26th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
127700
127700
5.5.27 Level Energy 27th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
133800
133800
5.5.28 Level Energy 28th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
139800
139800
5.5.29 Level Energy 29
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
148100
148100
5.5.30 Level Energy 30
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
154500
154500
5.6 padha karo elektrokimia
2.56 g / amp-day2.16 g / amp-day
0.16812
8.3209
5.7 Fungsi Work elektron
5.8 Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif, kelarutan
Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif
6 atom
6.1 Panggil atom
6.2 Konfigurasi elektron
6.3 Struktur Crystal
Body tengah kubik (Bcc)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
6.3.1 Crystal pola
6.4 atom
6.4.1 Jumlah proton
6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron
6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron
6.5 Radius saka Atom
6.5.1 Radius atom
222.00 pm179.80 pm
112
265
6.5.2 kovalen Radius
215.00 pm206.00 pm
96
260
6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius
268.00 pm237.00 pm
139
348
6.6 Bobot atom
137.33 Amu232.04 Amu
6.94
294
6.7 Volume atom
39.24 cm3 / mol19.90 cm3 / mol
1.39
71.07
6.8 Nomer atom jejer
6.8.1 unsur Previous
6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur
6.9 Potensi Valence Electron
21.30 (-eV)59.30 (-eV)
8
392.42
6.10 Constant pola
502.80 pm508.42 pm
228.58
891.25
6.11 pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, π/2
6.12 Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.567
1.886
7 Teknik
7.1 Kapadhetan
7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
3.51 g / cm 311.72 g / cm 3
0.534
40.7
7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
3.34 g / cm3ora Sumadhiya
0.512
20
7.2 Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
2.5
11000
7.3 viskositas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.001526
0.001526
7.4 meksa beluk
7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
7.11 (Pa)ora Sumadhiya
2.47E-11
121
7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya0.00 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
7.5 situs kelenturan
7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan
4.90 GPA31.00 GPA
1.3
222
7.5.2 pengaturan akeh
9.60 GPA54.00 GPA
1.6
462
7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan
13.00 GPA79.00 GPA
1.7
528
7.6 Poisson rasio
ora Sumadhiya0.27
0.032
0.47
7.7 Properties Teknik liyane
8 Magnetic
8.1 Ciri Magnetic
8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu
8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
paramagnetic
8.1.3 permeabilitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.25643E-06
0.0063
8.1.4 kelemahan
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
-0.000166
200000
8.2 Properties Listrik
8.2.1 Property Listrik
superconductor
superconductor
8.2.2 resistivity
332.00 nΩ · m157.00 nΩ · m
0.18
961
8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik
0.03 10 6 / cm Ω0.07 10 6 / cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
8.2.4 elektron Affinity
13.95 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
0
222.8
9 termal
9.1 Kalor tartamtu
0.20 J / (kg K)0.12 J / (kg K)
0.11
3.6
9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor
28.07 J / mol · K26.23 J / mol · K
16.443
62.7
9.3 doyo termal
18.40 W / m · K54.00 W / m · K
6.3
429
9.4 suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
26.3
3223
9.5 Expansion termal
20.60 μm / (m · K)11.00 μm / (m · K)
4.5
97
9.6 enthalpy
9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan
140.00 kJ / mol429.00 kJ / mol
7.32
799.1
9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion
7.66 kJ / mol15.48 kJ / mol
2.1
35.23
9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization
175.70 kJ / mol468.60 kJ / mol
61.5
837
9.7 Standard molar Entropy
62.50 J / mol.K27.30 J / mol.K
9.5
198.1