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thorium
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thorium metal

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

Th

1.2 Panggil Group

0
Rank: 18 (Overall)
Gadolinium metal
0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

7
Rank: 1 (Overall)
lithium metal
2 7

1.4 Block

pemblokiran f

1.5 Family unsur

actinide

1.6 CAS Number

7440326
Rank: 49 (Overall)
Aluminium metal
7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

194.00
Rank: 5 (Overall)
plutonium metal
11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

  • metal Thorium digunakake minangka pilihan sulih liwat Uranium kanggo bahan bakar nuklir.
  • Thorium logam katon (putih, alus) iku kaya-kaya padha Lead logam.

2.2 sumber

Found in Minerals, Mining

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Jöns Jakob Berzelius

2.3.2 Discovery

ing 1829

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

3 * 10-4 %
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Thallium metal
5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.0004 %
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Beryllium metal
1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.05 %
Rank: 11 (Overall)
Gold metal
1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.66 %
Rank: 7 (Overall)
Radium metal
9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %
Rank: 15 (Overall)
Protaktinium metal
2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Radium metal
1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

  • metal Thorium digunakake minangka agen allying kanggo Magnesium, Iku imparts kekuatan luwih lan resistance kanggo suhu.
  • senyawa saka logam Thorium oxide digunakake minangka katalis industri.

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi, Jewellery, patung, Statues

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

non Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ya

3.2.3 Sang

0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
Rank: 33 (Overall)
plutonium metal
0 1970

3.2.4 ing Bone

0.02 ppm
Rank: 29 (Overall)
plutonium metal
0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

1,750.00 ° C
Rank: 17 (Overall)
Francium metal
27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

4,790.00 ° C
Rank: 8 (Overall)
Flerovium metal
147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

Silver

4.3.3 luster

NA

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

3.00
Rank: 12 (Overall)
sesium metal
0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell atose

390.00 MPa
Rank: 29 (Overall)
sesium metal
0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers atose

295.00 MPa
Rank: 29 (Overall)
Palladium metal
121 3430

4.5 Kacepetan swara

2,490.00 m / s
Rank: 36 (Overall)
Thallium metal
818 16200

4.6 Properties Optical

4.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury metal
1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum metal
58 97

4.7 allotropes

Ora

4.7.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5 Kimia

5.1 Formula Kimia

Th

5.2 isotop

5.2.1 Isotop dikenal

28
Rank: 11 (Overall)
Tennessine metal
0 38

5.3 keelektronegatifan

5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.30
Rank: 32 (Overall)
Francium metal
0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
sesium metal
0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.11
Rank: 29 (Overall)
sesium metal
0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
sesium metal
0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
sesium metal
0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.70
Rank: 22 (Overall)
Gold metal
1.46 3.3

5.5 tenogo ionisasi

5.5.1 Level Energy 1st

587.00 kJ / mol
Rank: 60 (Overall)
sesium metal
375.7 26130

5.5.2 Level Energy 2

1,110.00 kJ / mol
Rank: 73 (Overall)
uranium metal
710.2162 28750

5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd

1,978.00 kJ / mol
Rank: 77 (Overall)
osmium metal
1600 34230

5.5.4 Level Energy 4

2,780.00 kJ / mol
Rank: 67 (Overall)
Tin
2780 37066

5.5.5 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
dubnium metal
4305.2 97510

5.5.6 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Seaborgium metal
5715.8 105800

5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bohrium metal
7226.8 114300

5.5.8 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
hassium metal
8857.4 125300

5.5.9 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Yttrium metal
14110 134700

5.5.10 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
strontium metal
17100 144300

5.5.11 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Yttrium metal
19900 169988

5.5.12 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum metal
22219 189368

5.5.13 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum metal
26930 76015

5.5.14 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum metal
29196 86450

5.5.15 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Manganese metal
41987 97510

5.5.16 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Iron metal
47206 109480

5.5.17 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
kobalt metal
52737 122200

5.5.18 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Nickel metal
58570 134810

5.5.19 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
tembaga metal
64702 148700

5.5.20 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum metal
80400 171200

5.5.21 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum metal
87000 179100

5.5.22 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum metal
93400 184900

5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum metal
98420 198800

5.5.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum metal
104400 195200

5.5.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum metal
121900 121900

5.5.26 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum metal
127700 127700

5.5.27 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum metal
133800 133800

5.5.28 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum metal
139800 139800

5.5.29 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum metal
148100 148100

5.5.30 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum metal
154500 154500

5.6 padha karo elektrokimia

2.16 g / amp-day
Rank: 24 (Overall)
Beryllium metal
0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Fungsi Work elektron

3.41 eV
Rank: 32 (Overall)
sesium metal
2.14 5.65

5.8 Properties Kimia liyane

Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif

6 atom

6.1 Panggil atom

90
Rank: 28 (Overall)
lithium metal
3 117

6.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Rn] 6D 2 7s 2

6.3 Struktur Crystal

Face tengah kubik (FCC)

6.3.1 Crystal pola

6.4 atom

6.4.1 Jumlah proton

90
Rank: 28 (Overall)
lithium metal
3 117

6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

142
Rank: 15 (Overall)
lithium metal
4 184

6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

90
Rank: 28 (Overall)
lithium metal
3 117

6.5 Radius saka Atom

6.5.1 Radius atom

179.80 pm
Rank: 15 (Overall)
Beryllium metal
112 265

6.5.2 kovalen Radius

206.00 pm
Rank: 7 (Overall)
Beryllium metal
96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

237.00 pm
Rank: 15 (Overall)
seng metal
139 348

6.6 Bobot atom

232.04 Amu
Rank: 23 (Overall)
lithium metal
6.94 294

6.7 Volume atom

19.90 cm3 / mol
Rank: 20 (Overall)
Manganese metal
1.39 71.07

6.8 Nomer atom jejer

6.8.1 unsur Previous

6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

6.9 Potensi Valence Electron

59.30 (-eV)
Rank: 23 (Overall)
Francium metal
8 392.42

6.10 Constant pola

508.42 pm
Rank: 14 (Overall)
Beryllium metal
228.58 891.25

6.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

6.12 Pola C / A rasio

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Beryllium metal
1.567 1.886

7 Teknik

7.1 Kapadhetan

7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

11.72 g / cm 3
Rank: 32 (Overall)
lithium metal
0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
lithium metal
0.512 20

7.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Indium metal
2.5 11000

7.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury metal
0.001526 0.001526

7.4 meksa beluk

7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
cerium metal
2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 22 (Overall)
tungsten metal
2.62E-10 774

7.5 situs kelenturan

7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

31.00 GPA
Rank: 21 (Overall)
kalium metal
1.3 222

7.5.2 pengaturan akeh

54.00 GPA
Rank: 22 (Overall)
sesium metal
1.6 462

7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

79.00 GPA
Rank: 24 (Overall)
sesium metal
1.7 528

7.6 Poisson rasio

0.27
Rank: 20 (Overall)
Beryllium metal
0.032 0.47

7.7 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile

8 Magnetic

8.1 Ciri Magnetic

8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

11.70
Rank: 23 (Overall)
lithium metal
0.53 4500

8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

8.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bismuth metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bismuth metal
-0.000166 200000

8.2 Properties Listrik

8.2.1 Property Listrik

superconductor

8.2.2 resistivity

157.00 nΩ · m
Rank: 22 (Overall)
Thallium metal
0.18 961

8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.07 10 6 / cm Ω
Rank: 31 (Overall)
plutonium metal
0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 elektron Affinity

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury metal
0 222.8

9 termal

9.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.12 J / (kg K)
Rank: 40 (Overall)
americium metal
0.11 3.6

9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

26.23 J / mol · K
Rank: 30 (Overall)
Beryllium metal
16.443 62.7

9.3 doyo termal

54.00 W / m · K
Rank: 28 (Overall)
neptunium metal
6.3 429

9.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
ytterbium metal
26.3 3223

9.5 Expansion termal

11.00 μm / (m · K)
Rank: 36 (Overall)
tungsten metal
4.5 97

9.6 enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

429.00 kJ / mol
Rank: 15 (Overall)
seng metal
7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

15.48 kJ / mol
Rank: 19 (Overall)
sesium metal
2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

468.60 kJ / mol
Rank: 15 (Overall)
Mercury metal
61.5 837

9.7 Standard molar Entropy

27.30 J / mol.K
Rank: 56 (Overall)
Beryllium metal
9.5 198.1