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thorium
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thorium unsur

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

Th

1.2 Panggil Group

0
Rank: 18 (Overall)
Gadolinium unsur
0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

7
Rank: 1 (Overall)
lithium unsur
2 7

1.4 Block

pemblokiran f

1.5 Family unsur

actinide

1.6 CAS Number

7440326
Rank: 49 (Overall)
Aluminium unsur
7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

194.00
Rank: 5 (Overall)
plutonium unsur
11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

  • metal Thorium digunakake minangka pilihan sulih liwat Uranium kanggo bahan bakar nuklir.
  • Thorium logam katon (putih, alus) iku kaya-kaya padha Lead logam.

2.2 sumber

Found in Minerals, Mining

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Jöns Jakob Berzelius

2.3.2 Discovery

ing 1829

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

3 * 10-4 %
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Thallium unsur
5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.0004 %
Rank: 9 (Overall)
Beryllium unsur
1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.05 %
Rank: 11 (Overall)
Gold unsur
1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.66 %
Rank: 7 (Overall)
Radium unsur
9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %
Rank: 15 (Overall)
Protaktinium unsur
2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Radium unsur
1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

  • metal Thorium digunakake minangka agen allying kanggo Magnesium, Iku imparts kekuatan luwih lan resistance kanggo suhu.
  • senyawa saka logam Thorium oxide digunakake minangka katalis industri.

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi, Jewellery, patung, Statues

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

non Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ya

3.2.3 Sang

0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
Rank: 33 (Overall)
plutonium unsur
0 1970

3.2.4 ing Bone

0.02 ppm
Rank: 29 (Overall)
plutonium unsur
0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

1,750.00 ° C
Rank: 17 (Overall)
Francium unsur
27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

4,790.00 ° C
Rank: 8 (Overall)
Flerovium unsur
147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

Silver

4.3.3 luster

NA

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

3.00
Rank: 12 (Overall)
sesium unsur
0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell atose

390.00 MPa
Rank: 29 (Overall)
sesium unsur
0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers atose

295.00 MPa
Rank: 29 (Overall)
Palladium unsur
121 3430

4.5 Kacepetan swara

2,490.00 m / s
Rank: 36 (Overall)
Thallium unsur
818 16200

4.6 Properties Optical

4.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury unsur
1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum unsur
58 97

4.7 allotropes

Ora

4.7.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5 Kimia

5.1 Formula Kimia

Th

5.2 isotop

5.2.1 Isotop dikenal

28
Rank: 11 (Overall)
Tennessine unsur
0 38

5.3 keelektronegatifan

5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.30
Rank: 32 (Overall)
Francium unsur
0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
sesium unsur
0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.11
Rank: 29 (Overall)
sesium unsur
0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
sesium unsur
0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
sesium unsur
0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.70
Rank: 22 (Overall)
Gold unsur
1.46 3.3

5.5 tenogo ionisasi

5.5.1 Level Energy 1st

587.00 kJ / mol
Rank: 60 (Overall)
sesium unsur
375.7 26130

5.5.2 Level Energy 2

1,110.00 kJ / mol
Rank: 73 (Overall)
uranium unsur
710.2162 28750

5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd

1,978.00 kJ / mol
Rank: 77 (Overall)
osmium unsur
1600 34230

5.5.4 Level Energy 4

2,780.00 kJ / mol
Rank: 67 (Overall)
Tin
2780 37066

5.5.5 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
dubnium unsur
4305.2 97510

5.5.6 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Seaborgium unsur
5715.8 105800

5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bohrium unsur
7226.8 114300

5.5.8 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
hassium unsur
8857.4 125300

5.5.9 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Yttrium unsur
14110 134700

5.5.10 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
strontium unsur
17100 144300

5.5.11 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Yttrium unsur
19900 169988

5.5.12 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum unsur
22219 189368

5.5.13 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum unsur
26930 76015

5.5.14 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum unsur
29196 86450

5.5.15 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Manganese unsur
41987 97510

5.5.16 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Iron unsur
47206 109480

5.5.17 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
kobalt unsur
52737 122200

5.5.18 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Nickel unsur
58570 134810

5.5.19 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
tembaga unsur
64702 148700

5.5.20 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum unsur
80400 171200

5.5.21 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum unsur
87000 179100

5.5.22 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum unsur
93400 184900

5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum unsur
98420 198800

5.5.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum unsur
104400 195200

5.5.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum unsur
121900 121900

5.5.26 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum unsur
127700 127700

5.5.27 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum unsur
133800 133800

5.5.28 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum unsur
139800 139800

5.5.29 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum unsur
148100 148100

5.5.30 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
molybdenum unsur
154500 154500

5.6 padha karo elektrokimia

2.16 g / amp-day
Rank: 24 (Overall)
Beryllium unsur
0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Fungsi Work elektron

3.41 eV
Rank: 32 (Overall)
sesium unsur
2.14 5.65

5.8 Properties Kimia liyane

Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif

6 atom

6.1 Panggil atom

90
Rank: 28 (Overall)
lithium unsur
3 117

6.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Rn] 6D 2 7s 2

6.3 Struktur Crystal

Face tengah kubik (FCC)

6.3.1 Crystal pola

6.4 atom

6.4.1 Jumlah proton

90
Rank: 28 (Overall)
lithium unsur
3 117

6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

142
Rank: 15 (Overall)
lithium unsur
4 184

6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

90
Rank: 28 (Overall)
lithium unsur
3 117

6.5 Radius saka Atom

6.5.1 Radius atom

179.80 pm
Rank: 15 (Overall)
Beryllium unsur
112 265

6.5.2 kovalen Radius

206.00 pm
Rank: 7 (Overall)
Beryllium unsur
96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

237.00 pm
Rank: 15 (Overall)
seng unsur
139 348

6.6 Bobot atom

232.04 Amu
Rank: 23 (Overall)
lithium unsur
6.94 294

6.7 Volume atom

19.90 cm3 / mol
Rank: 20 (Overall)
Manganese unsur
1.39 71.07

6.8 Nomer atom jejer

6.8.1 unsur Previous

6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

6.9 Potensi Valence Electron

59.30 (-eV)
Rank: 23 (Overall)
Francium unsur
8 392.42

6.10 Constant pola

508.42 pm
Rank: 14 (Overall)
Beryllium unsur
228.58 891.25

6.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

6.12 Pola C / A rasio

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Beryllium unsur
1.567 1.886

7 Teknik

7.1 Kapadhetan

7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

11.72 g / cm 3
Rank: 32 (Overall)
lithium unsur
0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
lithium unsur
0.512 20

7.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Indium unsur
2.5 11000

7.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury unsur
0.001526 0.001526

7.4 meksa beluk

7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
cerium unsur
2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

0.00 (Pa)
Rank: 22 (Overall)
tungsten unsur
2.62E-10 774

7.5 situs kelenturan

7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

31.00 GPA
Rank: 21 (Overall)
kalium unsur
1.3 222

7.5.2 pengaturan akeh

54.00 GPA
Rank: 22 (Overall)
sesium unsur
1.6 462

7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

79.00 GPA
Rank: 24 (Overall)
sesium unsur
1.7 528

7.6 Poisson rasio

0.27
Rank: 20 (Overall)
Beryllium unsur
0.032 0.47

7.7 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile

8 Magnetic

8.1 Ciri Magnetic

8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

11.70
Rank: 23 (Overall)
lithium unsur
0.53 4500

8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

8.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bismuth unsur
1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Bismuth unsur
-0.000166 200000

8.2 Properties Listrik

8.2.1 Property Listrik

superconductor

8.2.2 resistivity

157.00 nΩ · m
Rank: 22 (Overall)
Thallium unsur
0.18 961

8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.07 10 6 / cm Ω
Rank: 31 (Overall)
plutonium unsur
0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 elektron Affinity

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
Mercury unsur
0 222.8

9 termal

9.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.12 J / (kg K)
Rank: 40 (Overall)
americium unsur
0.11 3.6

9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

26.23 J / mol · K
Rank: 30 (Overall)
Beryllium unsur
16.443 62.7

9.3 doyo termal

54.00 W / m · K
Rank: 28 (Overall)
neptunium unsur
6.3 429

9.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiya
Rank: N/A (Overall)
ytterbium unsur
26.3 3223

9.5 Expansion termal

11.00 μm / (m · K)
Rank: 36 (Overall)
tungsten unsur
4.5 97

9.6 enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

429.00 kJ / mol
Rank: 15 (Overall)
seng unsur
7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

15.48 kJ / mol
Rank: 19 (Overall)
sesium unsur
2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

468.60 kJ / mol
Rank: 15 (Overall)
Mercury unsur
61.5 837

9.7 Standard molar Entropy

27.30 J / mol.K
Rank: 56 (Overall)
Beryllium unsur
9.5 198.1