Beryllium

Gadolinium

Beryllium mungsuh Gadolinium

Beryllium

Gadolinium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.5 Block

s pemblokiran

pemblokiran f

1.6 Family unsur

alkalin bumi

lanthanide

1.7 CAS Number

74404177440542

7429905 54386242

1.9 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

1.10 Space Group Number

194.00194.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

Beryllium paling logam anti karat.

Beryllium punika logam ènthèng lan isih iku kuwat saka baja.

Uga ketemu macem-macem aplikasi ing reaktor nuklir minangka reflektor.

Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.

2.2 sumber

bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals

Found in Minerals, Mining

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Louis Nicolas Vauquelin

Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac

2.3.2 Discovery

ing 1797

ing taun 1880

2.5 turah mbrawah

2.5.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

1 * 10^-7 %2 * 10^-7 %

5E-09 0.11

2.7.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.00000001 %~0.0000002 %

1E-08 0.1

3.1.2 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

3.1.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

3.3.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

3.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

0.00 %ora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

4 ulah

4.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Sawijining wesi karo tembaga utawa nikel sing digunakake ing Gyroscopes Manufaktur, sumber, kontak listrik lan pribadi non sparking.
Wesi Beryllium digunakake minangka materi kanggo pesawat, pluru, wahana lan satelit.

wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).

4.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi, Industry automobile, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

4.1.2 Ulah Medical

4.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi

4.3 Properties biologi

4.3.1 keracunan

Toxic

non Toxic

4.3.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

4.3.3 Sang

0.00 Sang / mg dm-3ora Sumadhiya

0 1970

4.3.5 ing Bone

0.00 ppmora Sumadhiya

0 170000

5 fisik

5.1 leleh Point

1,278.00 ° C1,311.00 ° C

27 3410

5.3 Boiling Point

2,970.00 ° C3,233.00 ° C

147 5660

6.2 katon

6.2.1 State fisik

Solid

6.2.2 warna

putih Gray

perak Putih

6.2.4 luster

metallic

6.3 atose

6.3.1 Mohs atose

5.50ora Sumadhiya

0.2 8.5

6.3.3 Brinell atose

590.00 MPaora Sumadhiya

0.14 3490

6.4.4 Vickers atose

1,670.00 MPa510.00 MPa

121 3430

6.5 Kacepetan swara

12,890.00 m / s2,680.00 m / s

818 16200

7.2 Properties Optical

7.2.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

7.3.1 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58 97

7.4 allotropes

Ora

7.5.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

7.5.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

7.5.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

8 Kimia

8.1 Formula Kimia

8.2 isotop

8.2.1 Isotop dikenal

926

0 38

8.4 keelektronegatifan

8.4.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.571.20

0.7 2.54

8.5.1 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

1.81ora Sumadhiya

0.22 2.56

8.6.2 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.471.11

0.86 1.82

8.6.5 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

1.54ora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

8.7.1 Allen Elektronegativitas

1.58ora Sumadhiya

0.659 2.7

8.8 Electropositivity

8.8.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.432.80

1.46 3.3

8.9 tenogo ionisasi

8.9.1 Level Energy 1st

899.50 kJ / mol593.40 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

8.9.2 Level Energy 2

1,757.10 kJ / mol1,170.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

8.9.3 Level Energy 3rd

14,848.70 kJ / mol1,990.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

8.9.4 Level Energy 4

21,006.60 kJ / mol4,250.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

8.9.5 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

4305.2 97510

8.9.6 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

8.9.7 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

8.9.8 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

8.9.9 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

8.9.10 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

8.9.11 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

8.9.12 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

8.9.13 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

8.9.14 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

8.9.15 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

8.9.16 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

8.9.17 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

8.9.18 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

8.9.19 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

8.9.20 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

8.9.21 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

8.9.22 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

8.9.23 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

8.9.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

8.9.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

8.9.26 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

8.9.27 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

8.9.28 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

8.9.29 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

8.9.30 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

8.10 padha karo elektrokimia

0.17 g / amp-day1.96 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

8.11 Fungsi Work elektron

4.98 eV3.10 eV

2.14 5.65

8.12 Properties Kimia liyane

Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif

Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif

9 atom

9.1 Panggil atom

464

3 117

9.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Panjenenganipun] 2S ²

[Xe] 4F ⁷ 5d ¹ 6s ²

9.3 Struktur Crystal

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

9.3.1 Crystal pola

9.4 atom

9.4.1 Jumlah proton

464

3 117

9.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

593

4 184

9.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

464

3 117

9.5 Radius saka Atom

9.5.1 Radius atom

112.00 pm180.00 pm

112 265

9.5.2 kovalen Radius

96.00 pm196.00 pm

96 260

9.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

153.00 pm237.00 pm

139 348

9.6 Bobot atom

9.01 Amu47.87 Amu

6.94 294

9.7 Volume atom

5.00 cm3 / mol19.90 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

9.8 Nomer atom jejer

9.8.1 unsur Previous

9.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

9.9 Potensi Valence Electron

82.00 (-eV)46.10 (-eV)

8 392.42

9.10 Constant pola

228.58 pm363.60 pm

228.58 891.25

9.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

9.12 Pola C / A rasio

1.571.59

1.567 1.886

10 Teknik

10.1 Kapadhetan

10.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

1.85 g / cm ³7.90 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

10.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

1.69 g / cm37.40 g / cm3

0.512 20

10.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.5 11000

10.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

10.4 meksa beluk

10.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

10.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

ora Sumadhiya7.39 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

10.5 situs kelenturan

10.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

132.00 GPA21.80 GPA

1.3 222

10.5.2 pengaturan akeh

130.00 GPA37.90 GPA

1.6 462

10.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

287.00 GPA54.80 GPA

1.7 528

10.6 Poisson rasio

0.030.26

0.032 0.47

10.7 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable

11 Magnetic

11.1 Ciri Magnetic

11.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

1.857.90

0.53 4500

11.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

diamagnetic

Ferromagnetic

11.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

11.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

11.2 Properties Listrik

11.2.1 Property Listrik

Semiconductor

Arman

11.2.2 resistivity

36.00 nΩ · m1.31 nΩ · m

0.18 961

11.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.31 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.01 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

11.2.4 elektron Affinity

0.00 kJ / mol50.00 kJ / mol

0 222.8

12 termal

12.1 Kalor tartamtu

1.82 J / (kg K)0.23 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

12.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

16.44 J / mol · K37.03 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

12.3 doyo termal

200.00 W / m · K10.60 W / m · K

6.3 429

12.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

12.5 Expansion termal

11.30 μm / (m · K)9.40 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

12.6 enthalpy

12.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

294.70 kJ / mol359.40 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

12.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

11.72 kJ / mol10.05 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

12.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

326.40 kJ / mol352.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

12.7 Standard molar Entropy

9.50 J / mol.K68.10 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

Mbandhingaké

Beryllium mungsuh kobalt

Beryllium mungsuh Manganese

Beryllium mungsuh tungsten

tungsten