1 Tabel périodik
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Panggil Group
2.4 Panggil periode
2.5 Block
2.6 Family unsur
lanthanide
transisi Metal
2.7 CAS Number
74405207440020
7429905
54386242
2.8 Jeneng papan Group
2.9 Space Group Number
3 facts
3.1 Facts Interesting
- Erbium logam digunakake minangka alloyed karo Vanadium wis alus.
- Panaliten anyar nuduhake yen iku mbiyantu kanggo metabolisme.
- Seng logam ketemu (diwenehi) ing akeh formulir kaya granules, foil, bledug lan ing wangun bubuk.
- Sawise wesi, Seng logam kaloro paling akeh ing kerak bumi.
3.2 sumber
Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
3.3 History
3.3.1 sing katutup
Carl Gustaf Mosander
Axel Fredrik Cronstedt
3.3.2 Discovery
Wonten ing taun 1842
ing 1751
3.4 turah mbrawah
3.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
2 * 10-7 %6 * 10-3 %
5E-09
0.11
3.5.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000001 %~0.008 %
1E-08
0.1
3.6.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
3.6.6 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
3.6.9 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
3.6.11 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiya0.00 %
1E-13
1.4
4 ulah
4.1 Ulah lan Wuku
- Wis cenderung kanggo njaluk tarnished ing online mbukak, nanging nalika alloyed karo unsur kaya erbium, vanadium, tingkat atose sudo.
- senyawa kaya Erbium oxide digunakake ing kaca tingal safety saka welders lan buruh metal.
- Wis resistance karat lan Empu iku digunakake kanggo piring logam.
- wesi banget migunani; alloy Nichrome digunakake ing kumparan panas saka toasters lan open listrik.
4.1.1 Ulah Industrial
Industri Kimia
Industry automobile, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
4.1.2 Ulah Medical
4.1.3 Ulah liyane
4.2 Properties biologi
4.2.1 keracunan
4.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human
4.2.3 Sang
ora Sumadhiya0.05 Sang / mg dm-3
0
1970
4.2.6 ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya0.70 ppm
0
170000
5 fisik
5.1 leleh Point
1,522.00 ° C1,453.00 ° C
27
3410
5.2 Boiling Point
2,510.00 ° C2,732.00 ° C
147
5660
5.3 katon
5.3.1 State fisik
5.3.2 warna
5.3.3 luster
5.4 atose
5.4.1 Mohs atose
ora Sumadhiya4.00
0.2
8.5
5.4.3 Brinell atose
814.00 MPa667.00 MPa
0.14
3490
5.4.5 Vickers atose
589.00 MPa638.00 MPa
121
3430
5.5 Kacepetan swara
2,830.00 m / s4,900.00 m / s
818
16200
5.6 Properties Optical
5.6.1 bias Index
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.000933
1.7229
5.6.3 reflectivity
ora Sumadhiya72.00 %
58
97
5.7 allotropes
5.7.2 α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
5.7.3 β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
5.7.4 γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
6 Kimia
6.1 Formula Kimia
6.2 isotop
6.2.1 Isotop dikenal
6.3 keelektronegatifan
6.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas
6.3.4 Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya1.94
0.22
2.56
6.3.7 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
6.3.9 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.62
2.48
6.4.1 Allen Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya1.88
0.659
2.7
6.6 Electropositivity
6.6.1 Pauling Electropositivity
7.2 tenogo ionisasi
7.2.1 Level Energy 1st
589.30 kJ / mol737.10 kJ / mol
375.7
26130
7.5.2 Level Energy 2
1,150.00 kJ / mol1,753.00 kJ / mol
710.2162
28750
7.5.3 Level Energy 3rd
2,194.00 kJ / mol3,395.00 kJ / mol
1600
34230
7.5.5 Level Energy 4
4,120.00 kJ / mol5,300.00 kJ / mol
2780
37066
7.5.7 Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya7,339.00 kJ / mol
4305.2
97510
7.6.2 Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiya10,400.00 kJ / mol
5715.8
105800
7.6.4 tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiya12,800.00 kJ / mol
7226.8
114300
7.6.6 Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiya15,600.00 kJ / mol
8857.4
125300
7.7.1 Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiya18,600.00 kJ / mol
14110
134700
7.8.1 Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiya21,670.00 kJ / mol
17100
144300
7.10.1 Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiya30,970.00 kJ / mol
19900
169988
7.11.1 Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiya34,000.00 kJ / mol
22219
189368
7.13.1 Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiya37,100.00 kJ / mol
26930
76015
8.1.2 Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiya41,500.00 kJ / mol
29196
86450
8.1.4 Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiya44,800.00 kJ / mol
41987
97510
8.2.1 Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiya48,100.00 kJ / mol
47206
109480
8.3.1 Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiya55,101.00 kJ / mol
52737
122200
8.4.2 Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiya58,570.00 kJ / mol
58570
134810
8.4.4 Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiya148,700.00 kJ / mol
64702
148700
8.5.2 Level Energy 20
ora Sumadhiya159,000.00 kJ / mol
80400
171200
8.5.4 Level Energy 21
ora Sumadhiya169,400.00 kJ / mol
87000
179100
8.5.5 Level Energy 22
ora Sumadhiya182,700.00 kJ / mol
93400
184900
8.5.7 Level Energy 23rd
ora Sumadhiya194,000.00 kJ / mol
98420
198800
8.6.1 Level Energy 24
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
104400
195200
9.1.2 Level Energy 25th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
121900
121900
9.1.3 Level Energy 26th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
127700
127700
9.1.6 Level Energy 27th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
133800
133800
9.1.8 Level Energy 28th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
139800
139800
9.2.3 Level Energy 29
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
148100
148100
9.2.4 Level Energy 30
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
154500
154500
9.3 padha karo elektrokimia
2.08 g / amp-day1.10 g / amp-day
0.16812
8.3209
9.4 Fungsi Work elektron
ora Sumadhiya5.15 eV
2.14
5.65
10.2 Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
11 atom
11.1 Panggil atom
11.3 Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 12 6s 2
[Ar] 3d 8 4s 2 Utawa [Ar] 3d 9 4s 1
11.4 Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
11.4.1 Crystal pola
11.5 atom
11.5.1 Jumlah proton
11.7.1 Jumlah Neutron
11.8.1 Jumlah Èlèktron
11.10 Radius saka Atom
11.10.1 Radius atom
176.00 pm124.00 pm
112
265
11.10.3 kovalen Radius
189.00 pm124.00 pm
96
260
11.10.5 Van der Waals Radius
ora Sumadhiya163.00 pm
139
348
11.12 Bobot atom
167.26 Amu58.69 Amu
6.94
294
11.13 Volume atom
18.40 cm3 / mol6.59 cm3 / mol
1.39
71.07
11.14 Nomer atom jejer
11.14.1 unsur Previous
11.14.2 Sabanjure unsur
11.15 Potensi Valence Electron
49.00 (-eV)42.00 (-eV)
8
392.42
11.16 Constant pola
355.88 pm352.40 pm
228.58
891.25
11.17 pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
11.18 Pola C / A rasio
1.57ora Sumadhiya
1.567
1.886
12 Teknik
12.1 Kapadhetan
12.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
9.07 g / cm 38.91 g / cm 3
0.534
40.7
12.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
8.86 g / cm37.81 g / cm3
0.512
20
12.2 Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya345.00 MPa
2.5
11000
12.3 viskositas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.001526
0.001526
12.4 meksa beluk
12.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
12.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya19.50 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
12.5 situs kelenturan
12.5.1 nyukur pengaturan
28.30 GPA76.00 GPA
1.3
222
12.5.2 pengaturan akeh
44.40 GPA180.00 GPA
1.6
462
12.5.3 Young kang pengaturan
69.90 GPA200.00 GPA
1.7
528
12.6 Poisson rasio
12.7 Properties Teknik liyane
13 Magnetic
13.1 Ciri Magnetic
13.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu
13.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
Ferromagnetic
13.1.3 permeabilitas
ora Sumadhiya0.00 H / m
1.25643E-06
0.0063
13.1.4 kelemahan
ora Sumadhiya600.00
-0.000166
200000
13.2 Properties Listrik
13.2.1 Property Listrik
13.2.2 resistivity
0.86 nΩ · m69.30 nΩ · m
0.18
961
13.2.3 konduktivitas listrik
0.01 10 6 / cm Ω0.14 10 6 / cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
13.2.4 elektron Affinity
50.00 kJ / mol112.00 kJ / mol
0
222.8
14 termal
14.1 Kalor tartamtu
0.17 J / (kg K)0.44 J / (kg K)
0.11
3.6
14.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor
28.12 J / mol · K26.07 J / mol · K
16.443
62.7
14.3 doyo termal
14.50 W / m · K90.90 W / m · K
6.3
429
14.4 suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
26.3
3223
14.5 Expansion termal
12.20 μm / (m · K)13.40 μm / (m · K)
4.5
97
14.6 enthalpy
14.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan
261.00 kJ / mol371.80 kJ / mol
7.32
799.1
14.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion
17.20 kJ / mol17.57 kJ / mol
2.1
35.23
14.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization
314.00 kJ / mol422.60 kJ / mol
61.5
837
14.7 Standard molar Entropy
73.10 J / mol.K29.90 J / mol.K
9.5
198.1