kadmium mungsuh thorium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Cd
Th
Panggil Group
12
6
0
18
Panggil periode
5
7
Block
d block
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
transisi Metal
actinide
CAS Number
7440439
99+
7440326
99+
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
Character length exceed error
- metal Thorium digunakake minangka pilihan sulih liwat Uranium kanggo bahan bakar nuklir.
- Thorium logam katon (putih, alus) iku kaya-kaya padha Lead logam.
sumber
Found Minangka By-produk, Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
sing katutup
Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann and Friedrich Stromeyer
Jöns Jakob Berzelius
Discovery
ing 1817
ing 1829
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
2 * 10-7 %
22
3 * 10-4 %
9
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000006 %
21
~0.0004 %
9
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
31
0.05 %
11
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
99+
0.66 %
7
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
28
0.00 %
15
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %
11
ora Sumadhiya
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Wis Efesus banget winates minangka logam beracun lan bisa nimbulaké cacat lair, kanker, etc.
- Meh 80% saka logam kadmium digunakake ing Nikel Baterei kadmium lan saiki lagi njupuk diganti karo isotop nikel.
- metal Thorium digunakake minangka agen allying kanggo Magnesium, Iku imparts kekuatan luwih lan resistance kanggo suhu.
- senyawa saka logam Thorium oxide digunakake minangka katalis industri.
Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
NA
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi, Jewellery, patung, Statues
Properties biologi
keracunan
Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Sang
0.01 Sang / mg dm-3
24
0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
33
ing Bone
1.80 ppm
15
0.02 ppm
29
fisik Properties
leleh Point
320.90 ° C
99+
1,750.00 ° C
17
Boiling Point
765.00 ° C
99+
4,790.00 ° C
8
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Perak werna-Gray
Silver
luster
metallic
NA
atose
Mohs atose
2.00
16
3.00
12
Brinell atose
203.00 MPa
39
390.00 MPa
29
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
295.00 MPa
29
Kacepetan swara
2,310.00 m / s
39
2,490.00 m / s
36
Properties Optical
reflectivity
67.00 %
11
ora Sumadhiya
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Cd
Th
isotop
Isotop dikenal
34
5
28
11
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.69
17
1.30
32
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
1.98
9
ora Sumadhiya
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.46
15
1.11
29
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
1.53
13
ora Sumadhiya
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.52
27
ora Sumadhiya
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.31
37
2.70
22
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
867.80 kJ / mol
11
587.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,631.40 kJ / mol
32
1,110.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
3,616.00 kJ / mol
13
1,978.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
ora Sumadhiya
2,780.00 kJ / mol
99+
padha karo elektrokimia
2.10 g / amp-day
27
2.16 g / amp-day
24
Fungsi Work elektron
4.22 eV
22
3.41 eV
32
Properties Kimia liyane
Kimia Stabilitas, anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
48
99+
90
28
Konfigurasi elektron
[Kr] 4d 10 5S 2
[Rn] 6D 2 7s 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cadmium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Thorium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
48
99+
90
28
Jumlah Neutron
64
99+
142
15
Jumlah Èlèktron
48
99+
90
28
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
151.00 pm
32
179.80 pm
15
kovalen Radius
144.00 pm
40
206.00 pm
7
Van der Waals Radius
158.00 pm
99+
237.00 pm
15
Bobot atom
112.41 Amu
99+
232.04 Amu
23
Volume atom
13.10 cm3 / mol
39
19.90 cm3 / mol
20
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
30.00 (-eV)
99+
59.30 (-eV)
23
Constant pola
297.94 pm
99+
508.42 pm
14
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
1.89
1
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
8.65 g / cm 3
99+
11.72 g / cm 3
32
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
8.00 g / cm3
28
ora Sumadhiya
Strength tensile
62.00 MPa
16
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 (Pa)
22
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
19.00 GPA
35
31.00 GPA
21
pengaturan akeh
42.00 GPA
29
54.00 GPA
22
Young kang pengaturan
50.00 GPA
36
79.00 GPA
24
Poisson rasio
0.30
14
0.27
20
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
8.65
36
11.70
23
Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Semiconductor
superconductor
resistivity
72.70 nΩ · m
36
157.00 nΩ · m
22
konduktivitas listrik
0.14 10 6 / cm Ω
15
0.07 10 6 / cm Ω
31
elektron Affinity
0.00 kJ / mol
40
ora Sumadhiya
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.23 J / (kg K)
26
0.12 J / (kg K)
40
Graham Kapasitas kalor
26.02 J / mol · K
32
26.23 J / mol · K
30
doyo termal
96.60 W / m · K
16
54.00 W / m · K
28
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
30.80 μm / (m · K)
10
11.00 μm / (m · K)
36
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
100.00 kJ / mol
99+
429.00 kJ / mol
15
Enthalpy saka Fusion
6.19 kJ / mol
99+
15.48 kJ / mol
19
Enthalpy saka atomization
113.00 kJ / mol
99+
468.60 kJ / mol
15
Standard molar Entropy
51.80 J / mol.K
27
27.30 J / mol.K
99+
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