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kobalt
kobalt

rubidium
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kobalt mungsuh rubidium

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1 Tabel périodik
1.1 Symbol
Co
Rb
1.2 Panggil Group
91
Gadolinium metal
0 17
1.3 Panggil periode
45
lithium metal
2 7
1.4 Block
d block
s pemblokiran
1.5 Family unsur
transisi Metal
alkali
1.6 CAS Number
74404847440177
Aluminium metal
7429905 54386242
1.7 Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
3M Im_
1.8 Space Group Number
194.00229.00
plutonium metal
11 229
2 facts
2.1 Facts Interesting
Character length exceed error
  • Rubidium logam unsur 16 paling umum ditemokake ing lemah ndhuwur bumi.
  • metal Rubidium uga ditemokake ing mineral uga banyu segara.
2.2 sumber
Found in Senyawa, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Dijupuk saka Produksi Lithium.
2.3 History
2.3.1 sing katutup
Georg Brandt
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
2.3.2 Discovery
ing 1732
ing 1861
2.4 turah mbrawah
2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
3 * 10-4 %1 * 10-6 %
Thallium metal
5E-09 0.11
2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0004 %~0.000003 %
Beryllium metal
1E-08 0.1
2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.06 %0.00 %
Gold metal
1.7E-07 22
2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %0.01 %
Radium metal
9.9E-12 8.1
2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %0.00 %
Protaktinium metal
2E-23 1.1
2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %0.00 %
Radium metal
1E-13 1.4
3 ulah
3.1 Ulah lan Wuku
  • Sawijining wesi aluminium lan nikel sing digunakake kanggo nggawe wesi sembrani kuat.
  • Sawetara wesi liyane ngetokne kekuatan-suhu dhuwur lan Empu padha digunakake ing Turbines saka Jet lan Gas engine.
  • aplikasi utama Rubidium iku ing Manufaktur kaca.
  • Rubidium bisa banget gampang njaluk ionized lan Empu iku digunakake kanggo mesin ion, nanging isih kurang efisien tinimbang sing saka Caesium.
3.1.1 Ulah Industrial
Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
NA
3.1.2 Ulah Medical
Industry Pharmaceutical
NA
3.1.3 Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi, tujuan Research
3.2 Properties biologi
3.2.1 keracunan
Toxic
non Toxic
3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
3.2.3 Sang
0.04 Sang / mg dm-32.49 Sang / mg dm-3
plutonium metal
0 1970
3.2.4 ing Bone
0.04 ppm5.00 ppm
plutonium metal
0 170000
4 fisik
4.1 leleh Point
1,495.00 ° C38.89 ° C
Francium metal
27 3410
4.2 Boiling Point
2,870.00 ° C688.00 ° C
Flerovium metal
147 5660
4.3 katon
4.3.1 State fisik
Solid
Solid
4.3.2 warna
Gray
klawu putih
4.3.3 luster
metallic
NA
4.4 atose
4.4.1 Mohs atose
5.000.30
sesium metal
0.2 8.5
4.4.2 Brinell atose
470.00 MPa0.22 MPa
sesium metal
0.14 3490
4.4.3 Vickers atose
1,043.00 MPaora Sumadhiya
Palladium metal
121 3430
4.5 Kacepetan swara
4,720.00 m / s1,300.00 m / s
Thallium metal
818 16200
4.6 Properties Optical
4.6.1 bias Index
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Mercury metal
1.000933 1.7229
4.6.2 reflectivity
67.00 %ora Sumadhiya
molybdenum metal
58 97
4.7 allotropes
Ya
Ora
4.7.1 α allotropes
α-kobalt
ora Sumadhiya
4.7.2 β allotropes
β-kobalt
ora Sumadhiya
4.7.3 γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
5 Kimia
5.1 Formula Kimia
Co
Rb
5.2 isotop
5.2.1 Isotop dikenal
2629
Tennessine metal
0 38
5.3 keelektronegatifan
5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.880.82
Francium metal
0.7 2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas
2.560.31
sesium metal
0.22 2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.700.89
sesium metal
0.86 1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya0.69
sesium metal
0.62 2.48
5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas
1.840.71
sesium metal
0.659 2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.123.18
Gold metal
1.46 3.3
5.5 tenogo ionisasi
5.5.1 Level Energy 1st
760.40 kJ / mol403.00 kJ / mol
sesium metal
375.7 26130
5.5.2 Level Energy 2
1,648.00 kJ / mol2,633.00 kJ / mol
uranium metal
710.2162 28750
5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd
3,232.00 kJ / mol3,860.00 kJ / mol
osmium metal
1600 34230
5.5.4 Level Energy 4
4,950.00 kJ / mol5,080.00 kJ / mol
thorium metal
2780 37066
5.5.5 Level Energy 5th
7,670.00 kJ / mol6,850.00 kJ / mol
dubnium metal
4305.2 97510
5.5.6 Level Energy 6th
9,840.00 kJ / mol8,140.00 kJ / mol
Seaborgium metal
5715.8 105800
5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7
12,440.00 kJ / mol9,570.00 kJ / mol
Bohrium metal
7226.8 114300
5.5.8 Level Energy 8
15,230.00 kJ / mol13,120.00 kJ / mol
hassium metal
8857.4 125300
5.5.9 Level Energy 9
17,959.00 kJ / mol14,500.00 kJ / mol
Yttrium metal
14110 134700
5.5.10 Level Energy 10th
26,570.00 kJ / mol26,740.00 kJ / mol
strontium metal
17100 144300
5.5.11 Level Energy 11
29,400.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
Yttrium metal
19900 169988
5.5.12 Level Energy 12
32,400.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
molybdenum metal
22219 189368
5.5.13 Level Energy 13
36,600.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
molybdenum metal
26930 76015
5.5.14 Level Energy 14
39,700.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
molybdenum metal
29196 86450
5.5.15 Level Energy 15
42,800.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
Manganese metal
41987 97510
5.5.16 Level Energy 16
49,396.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
Iron metal
47206 109480
5.5.17 Level Energy 17
52,737.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
tembaga
52737 122200
5.5.18 Level Energy 18
134,810.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
Nickel metal
58570 134810
5.5.19 Level Energy 19
145,170.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
tembaga metal
64702 148700
5.5.20 Level Energy 20
154,700.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
molybdenum metal
80400 171200
5.5.21 Level Energy 21
167,400.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
molybdenum metal
87000 179100
5.5.22 Level Energy 22
178,100.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
molybdenum metal
93400 184900
5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd
189,300.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
molybdenum metal
98420 198800
5.5.24 Level Energy 24
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum metal
104400 195200
5.5.25 Level Energy 25th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum metal
121900 121900
5.5.26 Level Energy 26th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum metal
127700 127700
5.5.27 Level Energy 27th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum metal
133800 133800
5.5.28 Level Energy 28th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum metal
139800 139800
5.5.29 Level Energy 29
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum metal
148100 148100
5.5.30 Level Energy 30
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
molybdenum metal
154500 154500
5.6 padha karo elektrokimia
1.10 g / amp-day3.19 g / amp-day
Beryllium metal
0.16812 8.3209
5.7 Fungsi Work elektron
5.00 eV2.16 eV
sesium metal
2.14 5.65
5.8 Properties Kimia liyane
Kimia Stabilitas, ionisasi
Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif
6 atom
6.1 Panggil atom
2237
lithium metal
3 117
6.2 Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 3d 2 4s 2
[Kr] 5S 1
6.3 Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Body tengah kubik (Bcc)
6.3.1 Crystal pola
6.4 atom
6.4.1 Jumlah proton
2237
lithium metal
3 117
6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron
2648
lithium metal
4 184
1.2.5 Jumlah Èlèktron
2237
lithium metal
3 117
1.3 Radius saka Atom
1.3.1 Radius atom
147.00 pm248.00 pm
Beryllium metal
112 265
1.3.2 kovalen Radius
160.00 pm220.00 pm
Beryllium metal
96 260
1.3.3 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm303.00 pm
seng metal
139 348
1.4 Bobot atom
47.87 Amu85.47 Amu
lithium metal
6.94 294
1.5 Volume atom
10.64 cm3 / mol55.90 cm3 / mol
Manganese metal
1.39 71.07
1.6 Nomer atom jejer
1.6.1 unsur Previous
1.6.2 Sabanjure unsur
1.7 Potensi Valence Electron
95.20 (-eV)9.47 (-eV)
Francium metal
8 392.42
1.8 Constant pola
295.08 pm558.50 pm
Beryllium metal
228.58 891.25
1.9 pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
1.10 Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Beryllium metal
1.567 1.886
2 Teknik
2.1 Kapadhetan
2.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
4.51 g / cm 31.53 g / cm 3
lithium metal
0.534 40.7
2.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
4.11 g / cm31.46 g / cm3
lithium metal
0.512 20
2.2 Strength tensile
434.00 MPaora Sumadhiya
Indium metal
2.5 11000
2.3 viskositas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Mercury metal
0.001526 0.001526
2.4 meksa beluk
2.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
cerium metal
2.47E-11 121
2.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)ora Sumadhiya
tungsten metal
2.62E-10 774
2.5 situs kelenturan
2.5.1 nyukur pengaturan
44.00 GPAora Sumadhiya
kalium metal
1.3 222
2.5.2 pengaturan akeh
110.00 GPA2.50 GPA
sesium metal
1.6 462
2.5.3 Young kang pengaturan
116.00 GPA2.40 GPA
sesium metal
1.7 528
2.6 Poisson rasio
0.32ora Sumadhiya
Beryllium metal
0.032 0.47
2.7 Properties Teknik liyane
ductile
ductile
3 Magnetic
3.1 Ciri Magnetic
3.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu
4,500.001.53
lithium metal
0.53 4500
3.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
paramagnetic
3.1.3 permeabilitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Bismuth metal
1.25643E-06 0.0063
3.1.4 kelemahan
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
Bismuth metal
-0.000166 200000
3.2 Properties Listrik
3.2.1 Property Listrik
Arman miskin
Arman
3.2.2 resistivity
420.00 nΩ · m128.00 nΩ · m
Thallium metal
0.18 961
3.2.3 konduktivitas listrik
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω0.08 10 6 / cm Ω
plutonium metal
0.00666 0.63
3.2.4 elektron Affinity
7.60 kJ / mol46.90 kJ / mol
Mercury metal
0 222.8
4 termal
4.1 Kalor tartamtu
0.52 J / (kg K)0.36 J / (kg K)
americium metal
0.11 3.6
4.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.06 J / mol · K31.06 J / mol · K
Beryllium metal
16.443 62.7
4.3 doyo termal
21.90 W / m · K58.20 W / m · K
neptunium metal
6.3 429
4.4 suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya2,093.00 K
ytterbium metal
26.3 3223
4.5 Expansion termal
8.60 μm / (m · K)90.00 μm / (m · K)
tungsten metal
4.5 97
4.6 enthalpy
4.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan
429.00 kJ / mol69.20 kJ / mol
seng metal
7.32 799.1
4.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion
15.48 kJ / mol2.19 kJ / mol
sesium metal
2.1 35.23
4.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization
468.60 kJ / mol82.00 kJ / mol
Mercury metal
61.5 837
4.7 Standard molar Entropy
27.30 J / mol.K76.80 J / mol.K
Beryllium metal
9.5 198.1