mbandhingaké americium lan thorium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Am
Th
Panggil Group
ora Sumadhiya
0
18
Panggil periode
7
7
Block
pemblokiran f
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
actinide
actinide
CAS Number
7440359
99+
7440326
99+
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- metal Americium diprodhuksi dening némbakaké Plutonium karo Neutron.
- metal Americium ditemokaké minangka dening-produk nalika Testing bom atom (Manhattan Project).
- metal Thorium digunakake minangka pilihan sulih liwat Uranium kanggo bahan bakar nuklir.
- Thorium logam katon (putih, alus) iku kaya-kaya padha Lead logam.
sumber
Dijupuk dening bombarding plutonium karo Neutron
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
sing katutup
Glenn T. Seaborg, Ralph A. James, Leon O. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso
Jöns Jakob Berzelius
Discovery
ing 1944
ing 1829
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
ora Sumadhiya
3 * 10-4 %
9
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~-9999 %
~0.0004 %
9
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
ora Sumadhiya
0.05 %
11
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
ora Sumadhiya
0.66 %
7
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 %
15
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- metal Americium digunakake ing weker deteksi kumelun.
- Ing mangsa, logam gadhah potensi digunakake ing batre spacecrafts.
- metal Thorium digunakake minangka agen allying kanggo Magnesium, Iku imparts kekuatan luwih lan resistance kanggo suhu.
- senyawa saka logam Thorium oxide digunakake minangka katalis industri.
Ulah Industrial
NA
Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
NA
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Ulah liyane
wesi, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
wesi, Jewellery, patung, Statues
Properties biologi
keracunan
Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ya
Sang
0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
37
0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
33
ing Bone
0.00 ppm
36
0.02 ppm
29
fisik Properties
leleh Point
994.00 ° C
99+
1,750.00 ° C
17
Boiling Point
2,607.00 ° C
99+
4,790.00 ° C
8
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
Silver
luster
NA
NA
atose
Mohs atose
ora Sumadhiya
3.00
12
Brinell atose
ora Sumadhiya
390.00 MPa
29
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
295.00 MPa
29
Kacepetan swara
ora Sumadhiya
2,490.00 m / s
36
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Am
Th
isotop
Isotop dikenal
16
23
28
11
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.30
32
1.30
32
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.20
27
1.11
29
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.70
22
2.70
22
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
578.00 kJ / mol
99+
587.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,158.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,110.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,132.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,978.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
3,493.00 kJ / mol
99+
2,780.00 kJ / mol
99+
padha karo elektrokimia
3.02 g / amp-day
17
2.16 g / amp-day
24
Fungsi Work elektron
ora Sumadhiya
3.41 eV
32
Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif, kelarutan
Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
95
23
90
28
Konfigurasi elektron
[Rn] 5F 7 7s 2
[Rn] 6D 2 7s 2
Struktur Crystal
Double Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (DHCP)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Crystal pola
DHCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Americium.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Thorium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
95
23
90
28
Jumlah Neutron
148
12
142
15
Jumlah Èlèktron
95
23
90
28
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
173.00 pm
21
179.80 pm
15
kovalen Radius
180.00 pm
21
206.00 pm
7
Van der Waals Radius
244.00 pm
10
237.00 pm
15
Bobot atom
243.00 Amu
20
232.04 Amu
23
Volume atom
17.86 cm3 / mol
29
19.90 cm3 / mol
20
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
44.00 (-eV)
40
59.30 (-eV)
23
Constant pola
346.81 pm
99+
508.42 pm
14
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
12.00 g / cm 3
30
11.72 g / cm 3
32
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)
13
ora Sumadhiya
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 (Pa)
22
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
ora Sumadhiya
31.00 GPA
21
pengaturan akeh
ora Sumadhiya
54.00 GPA
22
Young kang pengaturan
ora Sumadhiya
79.00 GPA
24
Poisson rasio
ora Sumadhiya
0.27
20
Properties Teknik liyane
NA
ductile
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
13.67
15
11.70
23
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Unknown
superconductor
resistivity
0.69 nΩ · m
99+
157.00 nΩ · m
22
konduktivitas listrik
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.07 10 6 / cm Ω
31
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.11 J / (kg K)
99+
0.12 J / (kg K)
40
Graham Kapasitas kalor
62.70 J / mol · K
1
26.23 J / mol · K
30
doyo termal
10.00 W / m · K
99+
54.00 W / m · K
28
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
ora Sumadhiya
11.00 μm / (m · K)
36
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
ora Sumadhiya
429.00 kJ / mol
15
Enthalpy saka Fusion
14.39 kJ / mol
24
15.48 kJ / mol
19
Enthalpy saka atomization
268.00 kJ / mol
40
468.60 kJ / mol
15
Standard molar Entropy
ora Sumadhiya
27.30 J / mol.K
99+
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