calcium

Praseodymium

mbandhingaké calcium lan Praseodymium

calcium

Praseodymium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

2ora Sumadhiya

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

s pemblokiran

pemblokiran f

1.5 Family unsur

alkalin bumi

lanthanide

1.6 CAS Number

74407027440100

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

Fm_ 3M

P63 / mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

225.00194.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

Calcium rangking Alexa 5th ing dhaftar turah mbrawah bumi persentasi.

Iki urip ing negara senyawa.

Gypsum utawa calcium sulfat digunakake minangka plester lan plester saka paris.

Praseodymium logam sintetik diprodhuksi logam.
Praseodymium digunakake minangka bahan bakar kanggo generator radioaktif.

2.2 sumber

bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Humphry Davy

Not Available

2.3.2 Discovery

ing taun 1808

ing taun 1885

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

7 * 10^-3 %2 * 10^-7 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.007 %~0.0000001 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

1.10 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

5.00 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

1.40 %ora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Character length exceed error

Gunakake utama Praseodymium kalebu wesi. Praseodymium -Magnesium alloy digunakake ing mesin pesawat amarga kekuatan dhuwur.
metal iki uga digunakake nalika nggawe wesi sembrani permanen.

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industri Kimia

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

Dentistry, Industry Pharmaceutical

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

non Toxic

arep Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

3.2.3 Sang

60.50 Sang / mg dm-3ora Sumadhiya

0 1970

3.2.4 ing Bone

170,000.00 ppmora Sumadhiya

0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

839.00 ° C935.00 ° C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

1,484.00 ° C3,130.00 ° C

147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

Gray

klawu putih

4.3.3 luster

metallic

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

1.75ora Sumadhiya

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell atose

170.00 MPa481.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers atose

ora Sumadhiya400.00 MPa

121 3430

4.5 Kacepetan swara

3,810.00 m / s2,280.00 m / s

818 16200

4.6 Properties Optical

4.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58 97

4.7 allotropes

Ora

4.7.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5 Kimia

5.1 Formula Kimia

5.2 isotop

5.2.1 Isotop dikenal

1931

0 38

5.3 keelektronegatifan

5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.001.13

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

0.95ora Sumadhiya

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.041.07

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

1.08ora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas

1.03ora Sumadhiya

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

3.002.87

1.46 3.3

5.5 tenogo ionisasi

5.5.1 Level Energy 1st

589.80 kJ / mol527.00 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 Level Energy 2

1,145.40 kJ / mol1,020.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd

4,912.40 kJ / mol2,086.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 Level Energy 4

6,491.00 kJ / mol3,761.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 Level Energy 5th

8,153.00 kJ / mol5,551.00 kJ / mol

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 Level Energy 6th

10,496.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7

12,270.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 Level Energy 8

14,206.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 Level Energy 9

18,191.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

5.5.10 Level Energy 10th

20,385.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

5.5.11 Level Energy 11

57,110.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

5.5.12 Level Energy 12

63,410.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

5.5.13 Level Energy 13

70,110.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

5.5.14 Level Energy 14

78,890.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

5.5.15 Level Energy 15

86,310.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

5.5.16 Level Energy 16

94,000.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

5.5.17 Level Energy 17

104,900.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

5.5.18 Level Energy 18

111,711.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

5.5.19 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

5.5.20 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

5.5.21 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

5.5.22 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

5.5.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

5.5.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

5.5.26 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

5.5.27 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

5.5.28 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

5.5.29 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

5.5.30 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

5.6 padha karo elektrokimia

0.75 g / amp-day1.75 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Fungsi Work elektron

2.87 eV2.70 eV

2.14 5.65

5.8 Properties Kimia liyane

Kimia Stabilitas, Flammability, ionisasi, kelarutan

anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif

6 atom

6.1 Panggil atom

2059

3 117

6.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Ar] 4s ²

[Xe] 4F ³ 6s ²

6.3 Struktur Crystal

Face tengah kubik (FCC)

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

6.3.1 Crystal pola

6.4 atom

6.4.1 Jumlah proton

2059

3 117

6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

2082

4 184

6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

2059

3 117

6.5 Radius saka Atom

6.5.1 Radius atom

197.00 pm182.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 kovalen Radius

176.00 pm203.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

231.00 pm239.00 pm

139 348

6.6 Bobot atom

40.08 Amu140.91 Amu

6.94 294

6.7 Volume atom

29.90 cm3 / mol20.80 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

6.8 Nomer atom jejer

6.8.1 unsur Previous

6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

6.9 Potensi Valence Electron

29.00 (-eV)42.64 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.10 Constant pola

558.84 pm367.25 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

6.12 Pola C / A rasio

ora Sumadhiya1.61

1.567 1.886

7 Teknik

7.1 Kapadhetan

7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

1.55 g / cm ³6.77 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

1.38 g / cm36.50 g / cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.5 11000

7.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 meksa beluk

7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

25.50 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

ora Sumadhiya13.20 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

7.5 situs kelenturan

7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

7.40 GPA14.80 GPA

1.3 222

7.5.2 pengaturan akeh

17.00 GPA28.80 GPA

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

20.00 GPA37.30 GPA

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson rasio

0.310.28

0.032 0.47

7.7 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable

8 Magnetic

8.1 Ciri Magnetic

8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

4.586.77

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

diamagnetic

paramagnetic

8.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Properties Listrik

8.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman

8.2.2 resistivity

33.60 nΩ · m0.70 nΩ · m

0.18 961

8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.30 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.01 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 elektron Affinity

2.37 kJ / mol50.00 kJ / mol

0 222.8

9 termal

9.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.63 J / (kg K)0.19 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

25.93 J / mol · K27.20 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

9.3 doyo termal

201.00 W / m · K12.50 W / m · K

6.3 429

9.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

9.5 Expansion termal

22.30 μm / (m · K)6.70 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

9.6 enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

150.00 kJ / mol296.80 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

8.54 kJ / mol6.89 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

184.00 kJ / mol368.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard molar Entropy

41.60 J / mol.K73.20 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

Mbandhingaké

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