Erbium

Hafnium

mbandhingaké Erbium lan Hafnium

Erbium

Hafnium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

ora Sumadhiya4

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

pemblokiran f

d block

1.5 Family unsur

lanthanide

transisi Metal

1.6 CAS Number

74405207440586

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

194.00194.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

Erbium logam digunakake minangka alloyed karo Vanadium wis alus.

Panaliten anyar nuduhake yen iku mbiyantu kanggo metabolisme.

Hafnium logam reaktif, Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
metal Hafnium minangka predicated sawise Mendeleev rampung tabel périodik kang.

2.2 sumber

Mining

Miturut-produk Nyaring panggolekan Zirconium

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Carl Gustaf Mosander

Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy

2.3.2 Discovery

Wonten ing taun 1842

ing taun 1922

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

2 * 10^-7 %7 * 10^-8 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.0000001 %~0.0000001 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Wis cenderung kanggo njaluk tarnished ing online mbukak, nanging nalika alloyed karo unsur kaya erbium, vanadium, tingkat atose sudo.
senyawa kaya Erbium oxide digunakake ing kaca tingal safety saka welders lan buruh metal.

Character length exceed error

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industri Kimia

Industry amunisi

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi

wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

mildly Toxic

Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

3.2.3 Sang

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0 1970

3.2.4 ing Bone

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

1,522.00 ° C2,150.00 ° C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

2,510.00 ° C5,400.00 ° C

147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

perak Putih

Gray

4.3.3 luster

lustrous

metallic

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

ora Sumadhiya5.50

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell atose

814.00 MPa1,450.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers atose

589.00 MPa1,520.00 MPa

121 3430

4.5 Kacepetan swara

2,830.00 m / s3,010.00 m / s

818 16200

4.6 Properties Optical

4.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58 97

4.7 allotropes

Ora

4.7.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5 Kimia

5.1 Formula Kimia

5.2 isotop

5.2.1 Isotop dikenal

3132

0 38

5.3 keelektronegatifan

5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.241.30

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.111.23

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya1.16

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.762.70

1.46 3.3

5.5 tenogo ionisasi

5.5.1 Level Energy 1st

589.30 kJ / mol658.50 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 Level Energy 2

1,150.00 kJ / mol1,440.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd

2,194.00 kJ / mol2,250.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 Level Energy 4

4,120.00 kJ / mol3,216.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

5.5.10 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

5.5.11 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

5.5.12 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

5.5.13 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

5.5.14 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

5.5.15 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

5.5.16 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

1.2.1 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

1.3.1 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

1.6.1 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

1.6.2 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

1.8.1 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

2.4.2 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

2.4.3 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

2.4.5 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

2.4.7 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

2.4.9 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

2.4.10 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

2.4.12 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

2.4.14 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

3.2.4 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

3.3 padha karo elektrokimia

2.08 g / amp-day1.66 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

4.2 Fungsi Work elektron

ora Sumadhiya3.90 eV

2.14 5.65

4.4 Properties Kimia liyane

ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

5 atom

5.1 Panggil atom

6872

3 117

5.4 Konfigurasi elektron

[Xe] 4F ¹² 6s ²

[Xe] 4F ¹⁴ 5d ² 6s ²

5.5 Struktur Crystal

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

5.5.1 Crystal pola

5.6 atom

5.6.1 Jumlah proton

6872

3 117

5.6.4 Jumlah Neutron

99106

4 184

5.7.1 Jumlah Èlèktron

6872

3 117

5.10 Radius saka Atom

5.10.1 Radius atom

176.00 pm159.00 pm

112 265

6.2.2 kovalen Radius

189.00 pm175.00 pm

96 260

6.3.2 Van der Waals Radius

ora Sumadhiya200.00 pm

139 348

6.4 Bobot atom

167.26 Amu178.49 Amu

6.94 294

6.5 Volume atom

18.40 cm3 / mol13.60 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

6.6 Nomer atom jejer

6.6.1 unsur Previous

6.6.2 Sabanjure unsur

6.7 Potensi Valence Electron

49.00 (-eV)81.00 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.9 Constant pola

355.88 pm319.64 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

6.12 Pola C / A rasio

1.571.58

1.567 1.886

7 Teknik

7.1 Kapadhetan

7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

9.07 g / cm ³13.31 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

7.1.3 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

8.86 g / cm312.00 g / cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiya445.00 MPa

2.5 11000

7.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 meksa beluk

7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)ora Sumadhiya

2.47E-11 121

7.4.3 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

ora Sumadhiya0.00 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

7.5 situs kelenturan

7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

28.30 GPA30.00 GPA

1.3 222

7.5.4 pengaturan akeh

44.40 GPA110.00 GPA

1.6 462

7.5.6 Young kang pengaturan

69.90 GPA78.00 GPA

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson rasio

0.240.37

0.032 0.47

7.7 Properties Teknik liyane

malleable

ductile, malleable

8 Magnetic

8.1 Ciri Magnetic

8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

9.0713.31

0.53 4500

8.1.3 Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

8.1.4 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.6 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Properties Listrik

8.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman

8.2.2 resistivity

0.86 nΩ · m331.00 nΩ · m

0.18 961

8.2.6 konduktivitas listrik

0.01 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.03 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.9 elektron Affinity

50.00 kJ / mol0.00 kJ / mol

0 222.8

9 termal

9.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.17 J / (kg K)0.14 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

28.12 J / mol · K25.73 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

9.3 doyo termal

14.50 W / m · K23.00 W / m · K

6.3 429

9.6 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

10.2 Expansion termal

12.20 μm / (m · K)5.90 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

10.6 enthalpy

10.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

261.00 kJ / mol661.10 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

10.6.3 Enthalpy saka Fusion

17.20 kJ / mol25.10 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

10.7.2 Enthalpy saka atomization

314.00 kJ / mol703.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

10.8 Standard molar Entropy

73.10 J / mol.K43.60 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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