Symbol
Hf
Cd
Panggil Group
412
0
17
👆🏻
Panggil periode
65
2
7
👆🏻
Block
d block
d block
Family unsur
transisi Metal
transisi Metal
CAS Number
74405867440439
7429905
54386242
👆🏻
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00194.00
11
276
👆🏻
Facts Interesting
- Hafnium logam reaktif, Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
- metal Hafnium minangka predicated sawise Mendeleev rampung tabel périodik kang.
- Unsur cilik sing alami kalebu Kadmium.
- Kadmium dibebasake menyang atmosfer kanggo ngontrol letusan gunung geni lan kebakaran alas.
- Kang digunakake kanggo electroplating saka Steel kanggo resistance karat.
- Bisa nyerep neutron lan digunakake ing reaktor nuklir kanggo ngontrol fisi atom.
sumber
Miturut-produk Nyaring panggolekan Zirconium
Found Minangka By-produk, Found in Minerals, Mining
History
sing katutup
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy
Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann and Friedrich Stromeyer
Discovery
ing taun 1922
ing 1817
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
0.00 %0.00 %
0
0.11
👆🏻
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
0.00 %0.00 %
0
0.1
👆🏻
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %0.00 %
0
22
👆🏻
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %0.00 %
1E-37
8.1
👆🏻
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %0.00 %
0
1.1
👆🏻
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %0.00 %
0
1.4
👆🏻
Ulah lan Wuku
- Nduwe kemampuan kanggo nyerep neutron lan mula digunakake kanggo nggawe rod kontrol ing kapal selam nuklir. Lan logam iki uga digunakake ing obor welding Plasma.
- Iku wesi karo wesi, titanium lan niobium banget migunani.
- Wis Efesus banget winates minangka logam beracun lan bisa nimbulaké cacat lair, kanker, etc.
- Meh 80% saka logam kadmium digunakake ing Nikel Baterei kadmium lan saiki lagi njupuk diganti karo isotop nikel.
Ulah Industrial
Industry amunisi
Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
-
-
Ulah liyane
wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
Toxic
Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ora
Ya
Sang
0.00 Sang / mg dm-30.01 Sang / mg dm-3
0
1970
👆🏻
ing Bone
0.00 ppm1.80 ppm
0
170000
👆🏻
leleh Point
2,150.00 ° C320.90 ° C
-38.83
3410
👆🏻
Boiling Point
5,400.00 ° C765.00 ° C
0
5660
👆🏻
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Gray
Perak werna-Gray
luster
metallic
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
5.502.00
0.2
8.5
👆🏻
Brinell atose
1,450.00 MPa203.00 MPa
0.14
3490
👆🏻
Vickers atose
1,520.00 MPa90.00 MPa
0
3920
👆🏻
Kacepetan swara
3,010.00 m / s2,310.00 m / s
818
16200
👆🏻
Properties Optical
bias Index
2.001.71
0.155
3.41
👆🏻
reflectivity
71.00 %67.00 %
5
97
👆🏻
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
-
-
β allotropes
-
-
γ allotropes
-
-
Formula Kimia
Hf
Cd
isotop
Isotop dikenal
3234
0
38
👆🏻
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.301.69
0
2.6
👆🏻
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
1.301.98
0.22
2.56
👆🏻
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.231.46
0.86
1.9
👆🏻
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
1.301.53
0.62
2.48
👆🏻
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.161.52
0.659
2.7
👆🏻
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.702.31
1.46
3.3
👆🏻
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
658.50 kJ / mol867.80 kJ / mol
375.7
26130
👆🏻
Level Energy 2
1,440.00 kJ / mol1,631.40 kJ / mol
392.8
28750
👆🏻
Level Energy 3rd
2,250.00 kJ / mol3,616.00 kJ / mol
392.8
34230
👆🏻
Level Energy 4
3,216.00 kJ / mol867.80 kJ / mol
375.7
37066
👆🏻
Level Energy 5th
6,585.00 kJ / mol4,040.00 kJ / mol
392
97510
👆🏻
Level Energy 6th
6,585.00 kJ / mol8,640.00 kJ / mol
1007
105800
👆🏻
tingkat Energy 7
6,580.00 kJ / mol8,640.00 kJ / mol
1007
114300
👆🏻
Level Energy 8
6,580.00 kJ / mol8,640.00 kJ / mol
730
125300
👆🏻
Level Energy 9
6,585.00 kJ / mol8,670.00 kJ / mol
1007
134700
👆🏻
Level Energy 10th
6,590.00 kJ / mol8,650.00 kJ / mol
392
144300
👆🏻
Level Energy 11
6,585.00 kJ / mol8,670.00 kJ / mol
392
169988
👆🏻
Level Energy 12
6,580.00 kJ / mol86,400.00 kJ / mol
0
189368
👆🏻
Level Energy 13
6,580.00 kJ / mol8,640.00 kJ / mol
1007
76015
👆🏻
Level Energy 14
658.50 kJ / mol8,650.00 kJ / mol
380
86450
👆🏻
Level Energy 15
65,800.00 kJ / mol86,400.00 kJ / mol
33000
100700
👆🏻
Level Energy 16
658.50 kJ / mol86,400.00 kJ / mol
375.7
109480
👆🏻
Level Energy 17
658.50 kJ / mol864.90 kJ / mol
375.7
122200
👆🏻
Level Energy 18
6,585.00 kJ / mol8,670.00 kJ / mol
0
134810
👆🏻
Level Energy 19
658.50 kJ / mol867.80 kJ / mol
375.7
148700
👆🏻
Level Energy 20
658.00 kJ / mol865.00 kJ / mol
0
171200
👆🏻
Level Energy 21
658.50 kJ / mol8,670.00 kJ / mol
375.7
179100
👆🏻
Level Energy 22
658.00 kJ / mol864.00 kJ / mol
330
184900
👆🏻
Level Energy 23rd
658.50 kJ / mol864.90 kJ / mol
357.6
198800
👆🏻
Level Energy 24
658.50 kJ / mol864.90 kJ / mol
297.3
195200
👆🏻
Level Energy 25th
658.00 kJ / mol864.00 kJ / mol
0
121900
👆🏻
Level Energy 26th
658.50 kJ / mol864.90 kJ / mol
357.6
127700
👆🏻
Level Energy 27th
658.50 kJ / mol864.90 kJ / mol
0
133800
👆🏻
Level Energy 28th
658.50 kJ / mol864.90 kJ / mol
297.3
139800
👆🏻
Level Energy 29
658.50 kJ / mol864.90 kJ / mol
0
148100
👆🏻
Level Energy 30
658.00 kJ / mol864.00 kJ / mol
0
154500
👆🏻
padha karo elektrokimia
1.66 g / amp-day2.10 g / amp-day
0.16812
8.3209
👆🏻
Fungsi Work elektron
3.90 eV4.22 eV
2.14
6
👆🏻
Properties Kimia liyane
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
Kimia Stabilitas, anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
Panggil atom
7248
3
117
👆🏻
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 2 6s 2
[Kr] 4d 10 5S 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
atom
Jumlah proton
7248
3
117
👆🏻
Jumlah Neutron
10664
4
285
👆🏻
Jumlah Èlèktron
7248
3
117
👆🏻
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
159.00 pm151.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
kovalen Radius
175.00 pm144.00 pm
0
260
👆🏻
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm158.00 pm
0
348
👆🏻
Bobot atom
178.49 Amu112.41 Amu
6.94
294
👆🏻
Volume atom
13.60 cm3 / mol13.10 cm3 / mol
1.39
71.07
👆🏻
Nomer atom jejer
unsur Previous
Sabanjure unsur
Potensi Valence Electron
81.00 (-eV)30.00 (-eV)
0
392.42
👆🏻
Constant pola
319.64 pm297.94 pm
0
891.25
👆🏻
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
1.581.89
0.423
1.9
👆🏻
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
13.31 g / cm 38.65 g / cm 3
0.534
40.7
👆🏻
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
12.00 g / cm38.00 g / cm3
0.512
41
👆🏻
Strength tensile
445.00 MPa62.00 MPa
0.1
11000
👆🏻
viskositas
0.000.00
1.5E-05
0.0035
👆🏻
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
0
121
👆🏻
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
0
774
👆🏻
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
30.00 GPA19.00 GPA
1.3
222
👆🏻
pengaturan akeh
110.00 GPA42.00 GPA
0
462
👆🏻
Young kang pengaturan
78.00 GPA50.00 GPA
0
528
👆🏻
Poisson rasio
0.370.30
0.032
0.47
👆🏻
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
ductile, malleable
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
13.318.65
0.53
4500
👆🏻
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
diamagnetic
permeabilitas
0.00 H / m0.00 H / m
1.25643E-06
0.0063
👆🏻
kelemahan
0.000.00
-0.000166
200000
👆🏻
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Semiconductor
resistivity
331.00 nΩ · m72.70 nΩ · m
0.1
961
👆🏻
konduktivitas listrik
0.03 10 6 / cm Ω0.14 10 6 / cm Ω
0
0.63
👆🏻
elektron Affinity
0.00 kJ / mol0.00 kJ / mol
0
222.8
👆🏻
Kalor tartamtu
0.14 J / (kg K)0.23 J / (kg K)
0.1
3.6
👆🏻
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.73 J / mol · K26.02 J / mol · K
13.1
62.7
👆🏻
doyo termal
23.00 W / m · K96.60 W / m · K
0
429
👆🏻
suhu kritis
2,500.00 K594.00 K
26.3
3695
👆🏻
Expansion termal
5.90 μm / (m · K)30.80 μm / (m · K)
4.5
97
👆🏻
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
661.10 kJ / mol100.00 kJ / mol
7.32
799.1
👆🏻
Enthalpy saka Fusion
25.10 kJ / mol6.19 kJ / mol
2.1
35.23
👆🏻
Enthalpy saka atomization
703.00 kJ / mol113.00 kJ / mol
61.5
837
👆🏻
Standard molar Entropy
43.60 J / mol.K51.80 J / mol.K
9.5
198.1
👆🏻