1 Tabel périodik
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Panggil Group
1.6 Panggil periode
1.7 Block
1.8 Family unsur
transisi Metal
Transisi Post-
1.9 CAS Number
74405867440086
7429905
54386242
2.2 Jeneng papan Group
2.3 Space Group Number
4 facts
4.1 Facts Interesting
- Hafnium logam reaktif, Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
- metal Hafnium minangka predicated sawise Mendeleev rampung tabel périodik kang.
- Polonium unsur radioaktif sing pisanan ditemokaké.
- unsur polonium lan senyawa Highly radioaktif.
- Sawijining logam campuran karo Beryllium menehi sumber neutron.
4.2 sumber
Miturut-produk Nyaring panggolekan Zirconium
Mining, Ores logam
4.3 History
4.3.1 sing katutup
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy
Pierre Curie and Marie Curie
4.4.1 Discovery
ing taun 1922
ing taun 1898
4.5 turah mbrawah
4.5.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
7 * 10-8 %ora Sumadhiya
5E-09
0.11
4.5.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000001 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
4.6.1 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %ora Sumadhiya
1.7E-07
22
4.6.3 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %ora Sumadhiya
9.9E-12
8.1
4.8.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
4.8.3 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1E-13
1.4
5 ulah
5.1 Ulah lan Wuku
Character length exceed error
- Polonium logam allotropes beda, kang digunakake ing piranti antistatic lan kanggo riset waé.
- A 1 gram saka Polonium bisa tekan suhu 500 ° C, Empu kang digunakake minangka sumber panas kanggo peralatan papan.
5.1.1 Ulah Industrial
Industry amunisi
Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi
5.1.2 Ulah Medical
5.1.3 Ulah liyane
wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
wesi
5.2 Properties biologi
5.2.1 keracunan
5.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human
5.2.3 Sang
ora Sumadhiya0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
0
1970
6.2.5 ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya0.00 ppm
0
170000
7 fisik
7.1 leleh Point
2,150.00 ° C254.00 ° C
27
3410
8.4 Boiling Point
5,400.00 ° C962.00 ° C
147
5660
8.7 katon
8.7.1 State fisik
8.7.2 warna
8.7.3 luster
8.8 atose
8.8.1 Mohs atose
5.50ora Sumadhiya
0.2
8.5
8.8.3 Brinell atose
1,450.00 MPaora Sumadhiya
0.14
3490
8.8.5 Vickers atose
1,520.00 MPaora Sumadhiya
121
3430
8.10 Kacepetan swara
3,010.00 m / sora Sumadhiya
818
16200
8.12 Properties Optical
8.12.1 bias Index
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.000933
1.7229
9.2.2 reflectivity
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
58
97
9.3 allotropes
9.3.1 α allotropes
9.3.2 β allotropes
9.3.3 γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
10 Kimia
10.1 Formula Kimia
10.2 isotop
10.2.1 Isotop dikenal
10.4 keelektronegatifan
10.4.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas
10.4.3 Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.22
2.56
10.4.5 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
10.4.7 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya2.48
0.62
2.48
10.5.2 Allen Elektronegativitas
10.7 Electropositivity
10.7.1 Pauling Electropositivity
10.8 tenogo ionisasi
10.8.1 Level Energy 1st
658.50 kJ / mol812.10 kJ / mol
375.7
26130
10.8.3 Level Energy 2
1,440.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
710.2162
28750
10.8.5 Level Energy 3rd
2,250.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
1600
34230
10.8.7 Level Energy 4
3,216.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
2780
37066
10.8.9 Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
4305.2
97510
10.8.11 Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
5715.8
105800
10.8.13 tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
7226.8
114300
10.8.15 Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
8857.4
125300
10.8.17 Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
14110
134700
10.8.19 Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
17100
144300
10.8.21 Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
19900
169988
10.8.23 Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
22219
189368
10.8.26 Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
26930
76015
10.8.28 Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
29196
86450
10.8.31 Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
41987
97510
10.8.33 Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
47206
109480
10.8.35 Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
52737
122200
10.8.37 Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
58570
134810
10.8.39 Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
64702
148700
10.8.41 Level Energy 20
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
80400
171200
10.8.42 Level Energy 21
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
87000
179100
10.8.44 Level Energy 22
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
93400
184900
10.8.45 Level Energy 23rd
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
98420
198800
10.8.47 Level Energy 24
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
104400
195200
10.8.49 Level Energy 25th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
121900
121900
10.8.50 Level Energy 26th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
127700
127700
10.8.53 Level Energy 27th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
133800
133800
10.8.55 Level Energy 28th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
139800
139800
10.8.57 Level Energy 29
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
148100
148100
10.9.1 Level Energy 30
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
154500
154500
10.10 padha karo elektrokimia
1.66 g / amp-day3.90 g / amp-day
0.16812
8.3209
11.2 Fungsi Work elektron
3.90 eVora Sumadhiya
2.14
5.65
11.6 Properties Kimia liyane
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
12 atom
12.1 Panggil atom
12.2 Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 2 6s 2
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 4
12.3 Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Pénguapan (Mon)
12.3.1 Crystal pola
12.4 atom
12.4.1 Jumlah proton
12.4.3 Jumlah Neutron
12.5.2 Jumlah Èlèktron
12.6 Radius saka Atom
12.6.1 Radius atom
159.00 pm168.00 pm
112
265
12.7.1 kovalen Radius
175.00 pm140.00 pm
96
260
12.8.1 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm197.00 pm
139
348
12.11 Bobot atom
178.49 Amu209.00 Amu
6.94
294
12.13 Volume atom
13.60 cm3 / mol22.23 cm3 / mol
1.39
71.07
2.2 Nomer atom jejer
2.2.1 unsur Previous
2.2.2 Sabanjure unsur
2.3 Potensi Valence Electron
81.00 (-eV)ora Sumadhiya
8
392.42
2.6 Constant pola
319.64 pm335.90 pm
228.58
891.25
2.10 pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
2.11 Pola C / A rasio
1.58ora Sumadhiya
1.567
1.886
3 Teknik
3.1 Kapadhetan
3.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
13.31 g / cm 39.20 g / cm 3
0.534
40.7
3.3.3 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
12.00 g / cm39.40 g / cm3
0.512
20
3.7 Strength tensile
445.00 MPaora Sumadhiya
2.5
11000
3.8 viskositas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.001526
0.001526
3.9 meksa beluk
3.9.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
2.47E-11
121
3.9.3 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)ora Sumadhiya
2.62E-10
774
3.11 situs kelenturan
3.11.1 nyukur pengaturan
30.00 GPAora Sumadhiya
1.3
222
4.1.4 pengaturan akeh
110.00 GPAora Sumadhiya
1.6
462
4.1.6 Young kang pengaturan
78.00 GPAora Sumadhiya
1.7
528
4.3 Poisson rasio
0.37ora Sumadhiya
0.032
0.47
4.4 Properties Teknik liyane
5 Magnetic
5.1 Ciri Magnetic
5.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu
5.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic
5.1.3 permeabilitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.25643E-06
0.0063
6.1.1 kelemahan
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
-0.000166
200000
6.3 Properties Listrik
6.3.1 Property Listrik
6.3.2 resistivity
331.00 nΩ · m0.40 nΩ · m
0.18
961
6.5.1 konduktivitas listrik
0.03 10 6 / cm Ω0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
6.6.1 elektron Affinity
0.00 kJ / mol183.30 kJ / mol
0
222.8
7 termal
7.1 Kalor tartamtu
0.14 J / (kg K)0.12 J / (kg K)
0.11
3.6
7.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.73 J / mol · K26.40 J / mol · K
16.443
62.7
7.3 doyo termal
23.00 W / m · K20.00 W / m · K
6.3
429
7.5 suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
26.3
3223
7.6 Expansion termal
5.90 μm / (m · K)23.50 μm / (m · K)
4.5
97
7.7 enthalpy
7.7.1 Enthalpy panguapan
661.10 kJ / mol60.30 kJ / mol
7.32
799.1
7.7.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion
25.10 kJ / mol13.00 kJ / mol
2.1
35.23
7.7.3 Enthalpy saka atomization
703.00 kJ / mol134.00 kJ / mol
61.5
837
7.8 Standard molar Entropy
43.60 J / mol.Kora Sumadhiya
9.5
198.1