Holmium

kadmium

mbandhingaké Holmium lan kadmium

Holmium

kadmium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

ora Sumadhiya12

0 17

1.7 Panggil periode

2 7

1.10 Block

pemblokiran f

d block

1.11 Family unsur

lanthanide

transisi Metal

1.12 CAS Number

74406007440439

7429905 54386242

2.4 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

2.6 Space Group Number

194.00194.00

11 229

3 facts

3.1 Facts Interesting

metal Holmium sanget alus lan malleable.
metal Holmium uga dikenal kanggo resistivity sawijining karat.

Character length exceed error

3.2 sumber

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals

Found Minangka By-produk, Found in Minerals, Mining

3.3 History

3.3.1 sing katutup

Marc Delafontaine

Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann and Friedrich Stromeyer

3.3.2 Discovery

ing taun 1878

ing 1817

3.4 turah mbrawah

3.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

5 * 10^-8 %2 * 10^-7 %

5E-09 0.11

3.6.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~-9999 %~0.0000006 %

1E-08 0.1

3.6.5 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

3.6.10 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

3.6.13 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

4.2.4 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

5 ulah

5.1 Ulah lan Wuku

metal Holmium duwe kemampuan kanggo nresep neutron, supaya logam iki digunakake ing reaktor nuklir kanggo njaga reaksi berantai saka unsur ing kontrol.
Wesi saka Holmium digunakake kanggo gawé Magnet.

Wis Efesus banget winates minangka logam beracun lan bisa nimbulaké cacat lair, kanker, etc.
Meh 80% saka logam kadmium digunakake ing Nikel Baterei kadmium lan saiki lagi njupuk diganti karo isotop nikel.

5.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

5.1.2 Ulah Medical

5.1.4 Ulah liyane

wesi, Nuclear Riset

wesi

5.2 Properties biologi

5.2.1 keracunan

Low Toxic

Toxic

5.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

5.2.3 Sang

ora Sumadhiya0.01 Sang / mg dm-3

0 1970

6.1.2 ing Bone

ora Sumadhiya1.80 ppm

0 170000

7 fisik

7.1 leleh Point

1,461.00 ° C320.90 ° C

27 3410

7.4 Boiling Point

2,600.00 ° C765.00 ° C

147 5660

7.5 katon

7.5.1 State fisik

Solid

7.5.2 warna

perak Putih

Perak werna-Gray

7.5.3 luster

metallic

7.6 atose

7.6.1 Mohs atose

ora Sumadhiya2.00

0.2 8.5

7.6.4 Brinell atose

746.00 MPa203.00 MPa

0.14 3490

7.7.2 Vickers atose

481.00 MPaora Sumadhiya

121 3430

7.9 Kacepetan swara

2,760.00 m / s2,310.00 m / s

818 16200

8.3 Properties Optical

8.3.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

8.3.3 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiya67.00 %

58 97

8.5 allotropes

Ora

8.5.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

8.5.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

8.5.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

9 Kimia

9.1 Formula Kimia

9.2 isotop

9.2.1 Isotop dikenal

3434

0 38

9.3 keelektronegatifan

9.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.231.69

0.7 2.54

9.3.5 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya1.98

0.22 2.56

9.3.9 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.101.46

0.86 1.82

9.3.13 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya1.53

0.62 2.48

9.5.1 Allen Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya1.52

0.659 2.7

9.8 Electropositivity

9.8.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.772.31

1.46 3.3

10.2 tenogo ionisasi

10.2.1 Level Energy 1st

581.00 kJ / mol867.80 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

10.2.3 Level Energy 2

1,140.00 kJ / mol1,631.40 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

10.5.2 Level Energy 3rd

2,204.00 kJ / mol3,616.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

10.5.6 Level Energy 4

4,100.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya

2780 37066

10.5.9 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

4305.2 97510

10.6.2 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

10.6.5 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

10.6.8 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

10.7.2 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

10.7.3 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

10.8.2 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

10.11.2 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

10.13.2 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

11.1.3 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

11.1.6 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

11.2.1 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

11.3.1 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

11.4.3 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

11.4.7 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

11.5.3 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

11.5.6 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

11.5.8 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

11.5.12 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

11.6.2 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

11.6.4 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

12.1.3 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

12.2.1 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

12.2.3 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

12.4.2 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

12.4.3 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

13.2 padha karo elektrokimia

2.02 g / amp-day2.10 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

13.6 Fungsi Work elektron

ora Sumadhiya4.22 eV

2.14 5.65

14.2 Properties Kimia liyane

Kimia Stabilitas, anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

15 atom

15.1 Panggil atom

6748

3 117

15.4 Konfigurasi elektron

[Xe] 4F ¹¹ 6s ²

[Kr] 4d ¹⁰ 5S ²

15.5 Struktur Crystal

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

15.5.1 Crystal pola

15.6 atom

15.6.1 Jumlah proton

6748

3 117

15.8.1 Jumlah Neutron

9864

4 184

15.9.2 Jumlah Èlèktron

6748

3 117

15.12 Radius saka Atom

15.12.1 Radius atom

176.00 pm151.00 pm

112 265

15.13.1 kovalen Radius

192.00 pm144.00 pm

96 260

15.15.1 Van der Waals Radius

216.00 pm158.00 pm

139 348

15.17 Bobot atom

164.93 Amu112.41 Amu

6.94 294

15.19 Volume atom

18.70 cm3 / mol13.10 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

16.2 Nomer atom jejer

16.2.1 unsur Previous

16.2.2 Sabanjure unsur

16.3 Potensi Valence Electron

47.90 (-eV)30.00 (-eV)

8 392.42

16.4 Constant pola

357.73 pm297.94 pm

228.58 891.25

16.5 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

16.7 Pola C / A rasio

1.571.89

1.567 1.886

17 Teknik

17.1 Kapadhetan

17.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

8.79 g / cm ³8.65 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

17.3.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

8.34 g / cm38.00 g / cm3

0.512 20

17.4 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiya62.00 MPa

2.5 11000

17.6 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

17.7 meksa beluk

17.7.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)ora Sumadhiya

2.47E-11 121

17.7.3 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.62E-10 774

17.8 situs kelenturan

17.8.1 nyukur pengaturan

26.30 GPA19.00 GPA

1.3 222

17.9.1 pengaturan akeh

40.20 GPA42.00 GPA

1.6 462

18.1.2 Young kang pengaturan

64.80 GPA50.00 GPA

1.7 528

18.2 Poisson rasio

0.230.30

0.032 0.47

18.4 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable, Sectile

ductile, malleable

19 Magnetic

19.1 Ciri Magnetic

19.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

8.808.65

0.53 4500

19.1.3 Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

diamagnetic

19.1.4 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

19.1.5 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

19.2 Properties Listrik

19.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman

Semiconductor

19.2.2 resistivity

814.00 nΩ · m72.70 nΩ · m

0.18 961

20.1.1 konduktivitas listrik

0.01 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.14 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

20.2.1 elektron Affinity

50.00 kJ / mol0.00 kJ / mol

0 222.8

21 termal

21.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.16 J / (kg K)0.23 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

21.3 Graham Kapasitas kalor

27.15 J / mol · K26.02 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

21.5 doyo termal

16.20 W / m · K96.60 W / m · K

6.3 429

21.7 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

21.8 Expansion termal

11.20 μm / (m · K)30.80 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

21.9 enthalpy

21.9.1 Enthalpy panguapan

241.00 kJ / mol100.00 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

21.10.1 Enthalpy saka Fusion

11.76 kJ / mol6.19 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

21.10.2 Enthalpy saka atomization

301.00 kJ / mol113.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

21.11 Standard molar Entropy

75.30 J / mol.K51.80 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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