mbandhingaké kobalt lan tembaga
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Co
Cu
Panggil Group
9
9
11
7
Panggil periode
4
4
Block
d block
d block
Family unsur
transisi Metal
transisi Metal
CAS Number
7440484
38
7440508
37
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
Fm_ 3M
Space Group Number
194.00
5
225.00
2
facts
Facts Interesting
Character length exceed error
- Tembaga arang ditemokaké ing wangun murni ing alam.
- Tembaga Sulfat biasane digunakake ing racun tetanèn lan minangka algicide ing sistem banyu dimurnèkaké.
sumber
Found in Senyawa, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals
History
sing katutup
Georg Brandt
Unknown
Discovery
ing 1732
Ing Timur Tengah (9000 SM)
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
3 * 10-4 %
9
6 * 10-6 %
12
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0004 %
9
~0.00007 %
12
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.06 %
10
0.01 %
13
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
21
0.01 %
17
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
20
0.00 %
8
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %
17
0.00 %
9
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Sawijining wesi aluminium lan nikel sing digunakake kanggo nggawe wesi sembrani kuat.
- Sawetara wesi liyane ngetokne kekuatan-suhu dhuwur lan Empu padha digunakake ing Turbines saka Jet lan Gas engine.
- Iku digunakake kanggo koin lan bullion.
- Akèh unsur tembaga digunakake ing Manufaktur Alat listrik lan elektronik kayata wirings lan komponen. Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké ing construction lan mesin industri.
Ulah Industrial
Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industri Kimia, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
Industry Pharmaceutical
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi, koin, Jewellery
Properties biologi
keracunan
Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Sang
0.04 Sang / mg dm-3
18
1.01 Sang / mg dm-3
8
ing Bone
0.04 ppm
27
26.00 ppm
12
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,495.00 ° C
29
1,084.62 ° C
40
Boiling Point
2,870.00 ° C
34
2,562.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
Gray
tembaga
luster
metallic
NA
atose
Mohs atose
5.00
8
3.00
12
Brinell atose
470.00 MPa
26
235.00 MPa
38
Vickers atose
1,043.00 MPa
11
343.00 MPa
28
Kacepetan swara
4,720.00 m / s
14
3,810.00 m / s
19
Properties Optical
reflectivity
67.00 %
11
90.00 %
3
allotropes
Ya
Ora
α allotropes
α-kobalt
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
β-kobalt
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Co
Cu
isotop
Isotop dikenal
26
13
29
10
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.88
12
1.90
11
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
2.56
1
1.98
9
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.70
5
1.75
3
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.49
14
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.84
10
1.85
9
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.12
99+
2.10
99+
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
760.40 kJ / mol
19
745.50 kJ / mol
22
Level Energy 2
1,648.00 kJ / mol
31
1,957.90 kJ / mol
15
Level Energy 3rd
3,232.00 kJ / mol
22
3,555.00 kJ / mol
15
Level Energy 4
4,950.00 kJ / mol
19
5,536.00 kJ / mol
12
Level Energy 5th
7,670.00 kJ / mol
12
7,700.00 kJ / mol
11
Level Energy 6th
9,840.00 kJ / mol
12
9,900.00 kJ / mol
10
tingkat Energy 7
12,440.00 kJ / mol
11
13,400.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 8
15,230.00 kJ / mol
12
16,000.00 kJ / mol
9
Level Energy 9
17,959.00 kJ / mol
13
19,200.00 kJ / mol
9
Level Energy 10th
26,570.00 kJ / mol
7
22,400.00 kJ / mol
11
Level Energy 11
29,400.00 kJ / mol
8
25,600.00 kJ / mol
13
Level Energy 12
32,400.00 kJ / mol
8
35,600.00 kJ / mol
6
Level Energy 13
36,600.00 kJ / mol
8
38,700.00 kJ / mol
6
Level Energy 14
39,700.00 kJ / mol
9
42,000.00 kJ / mol
7
Level Energy 15
42,800.00 kJ / mol
12
46,700.00 kJ / mol
9
Level Energy 16
49,396.00 kJ / mol
11
50,200.00 kJ / mol
10
Level Energy 17
52,737.00 kJ / mol
13
53,700.00 kJ / mol
12
Level Energy 18
134,810.00 kJ / mol
1
61,100.00 kJ / mol
10
Level Energy 19
145,170.00 kJ / mol
2
64,702.00 kJ / mol
11
Level Energy 20
154,700.00 kJ / mol
4
163,700.00 kJ / mol
2
Level Energy 21
167,400.00 kJ / mol
4
174,100.00 kJ / mol
2
Level Energy 22
178,100.00 kJ / mol
3
184,900.00 kJ / mol
1
Level Energy 23rd
189,300.00 kJ / mol
3
198,800.00 kJ / mol
1
padha karo elektrokimia
1.10 g / amp-day
99+
1.19 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
5.00 eV
5
4.65 eV
11
Properties Kimia liyane
Kimia Stabilitas, ionisasi
Kimia Stabilitas, Corrosion, ionisasi, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
22
99+
29
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 3d 2 4s 2
[Ar] 3d 10 4s 1
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Cobalt.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Copper.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
22
99+
29
99+
Jumlah Neutron
26
99+
35
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
22
99+
29
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
147.00 pm
34
128.00 pm
99+
kovalen Radius
160.00 pm
30
132.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
140.00 pm
99+
Bobot atom
47.87 Amu
99+
63.55 Amu
99+
Volume atom
10.64 cm3 / mol
99+
7.10 cm3 / mol
99+
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
95.20 (-eV)
10
34.00 (-eV)
99+
Constant pola
295.08 pm
99+
361.49 pm
35
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
4.51 g / cm 3
99+
8.96 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
4.11 g / cm3
99+
8.02 g / cm3
27
Strength tensile
434.00 MPa
9
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
ora Sumadhiya
1.53 (Pa)
8
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
0.98 (Pa)
14
ora Sumadhiya
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
44.00 GPA
17
48.00 GPA
15
pengaturan akeh
110.00 GPA
15
140.00 GPA
12
Young kang pengaturan
116.00 GPA
18
120.00 GPA
17
Poisson rasio
0.32
12
0.34
10
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
4,500.00
1
8.89
34
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
diamagnetic
permeabilitas
ora Sumadhiya
1.256629 * 10-6 H / m
5
kelemahan
ora Sumadhiya
-9.63 * 10-6
4
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman miskin
Arman
resistivity
420.00 nΩ · m
12
16.78 nΩ · m
99+
konduktivitas listrik
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.60 10 6 / cm Ω
2
elektron Affinity
7.60 kJ / mol
37
222.80 kJ / mol
1
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.52 J / (kg K)
9
0.38 J / (kg K)
15
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.06 J / mol · K
99+
24.44 J / mol · K
99+
doyo termal
21.90 W / m · K
99+
401.00 W / m · K
2
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
8.60 μm / (m · K)
99+
16.50 μm / (m · K)
25
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
429.00 kJ / mol
15
283.70 kJ / mol
33
Enthalpy saka Fusion
15.48 kJ / mol
19
7.11 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
468.60 kJ / mol
15
338.90 kJ / mol
29
Standard molar Entropy
27.30 J / mol.K
99+
33.20 J / mol.K
99+
|
||
|
||
|
