1 Tabel périodik
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Panggil Group
2.2 Panggil periode
4.2 Block
4.3 Family unsur
transisi Metal
lanthanide
4.5 CAS Number
74404737440542
7429905
54386242
5.7 Jeneng papan Group
5.8 Space Group Number
6 facts
6.1 Facts Interesting
- Krom punika reaktif, Empu durung ketemu gratis ing alam.
- Ores saka Chromites Mineral sing sumber utama saka logam Krom.
- Meh 90% penyamakan kulit wis rampung karo bantuan saka krom.
- Gadolinium ora ketemu gratis ing alam, Empu iku ora logam native.
- metal Gadolinium ditemokaké ing mineral Monazite lan bastnaesite.
6.2 sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
6.3 History
6.3.1 sing katutup
Louis Nicolas Vauquelin
Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac
6.3.2 Discovery
Ing Antarane 1797 - 1798
ing taun 1880
6.4 turah mbrawah
6.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
1.5 * 10-3 %2 * 10-7 %
5E-09
0.11
9.7.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.002 %~0.0000002 %
1E-08
0.1
9.10.2 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
9.12.3 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
9.13.4 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
10.1.4 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %ora Sumadhiya
1E-13
1.4
11 ulah
11.1 Ulah lan Wuku
Character length exceed error
- wesi uga digunakake ing nggawe Magnets, komponen elektronik lan piranti panyimpenan data.
- Senyawa saka logam Gadolinium digunakake ing magnetik résonansi (MRI).
11.1.1 Ulah Industrial
Industry automobile, Industri Kimia
Industry Aerospace, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
11.1.2 Ulah Medical
11.1.3 Ulah liyane
11.2 Properties biologi
11.2.1 keracunan
11.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human
11.2.4 Sang
0.11 Sang / mg dm-3ora Sumadhiya
0
1970
12.3.1 ing Bone
0.33 ppmora Sumadhiya
0
170000
13 fisik
13.1 leleh Point
1,857.00 ° C1,311.00 ° C
27
3410
13.6 Boiling Point
2,672.00 ° C3,233.00 ° C
147
5660
13.10 katon
13.10.1 State fisik
13.10.2 warna
13.10.3 luster
13.11 atose
13.11.1 Mohs atose
8.50ora Sumadhiya
0.2
8.5
15.1.2 Brinell atose
687.00 MPaora Sumadhiya
0.14
3490
15.7.2 Vickers atose
1,060.00 MPa510.00 MPa
121
3430
16.3 Kacepetan swara
5,940.00 m / s2,680.00 m / s
818
16200
17.8 Properties Optical
17.8.1 bias Index
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.000933
1.7229
17.9.5 reflectivity
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
58
97
17.11 allotropes
17.11.1 α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
17.11.2 β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
17.11.3 γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
18 Kimia
18.1 Formula Kimia
18.3 isotop
18.3.1 Isotop dikenal
18.6 keelektronegatifan
18.6.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas
18.7.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas
1.66ora Sumadhiya
0.22
2.56
19.3.2 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
20.3.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.62
2.48
20.9.2 Allen Elektronegativitas
1.65ora Sumadhiya
0.659
2.7
22.8 Electropositivity
22.8.1 Pauling Electropositivity
23.2 tenogo ionisasi
23.2.1 Level Energy 1st
26,130.00 kJ / mol593.40 kJ / mol
375.7
26130
23.5.4 Level Energy 2
28,750.00 kJ / mol1,170.00 kJ / mol
710.2162
28750
23.7.1 Level Energy 3rd
34,230.00 kJ / mol1,990.00 kJ / mol
1600
34230
23.9.1 Level Energy 4
37,066.00 kJ / mol4,250.00 kJ / mol
2780
37066
24.2.2 Level Energy 5th
97,510.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
4305.2
97510
24.5.3 Level Energy 6th
105,800.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
5715.8
105800
24.7.3 tingkat Energy 7
114,300.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
7226.8
114300
25.1.2 Level Energy 8
125,300.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
8857.4
125300
25.2.3 Level Energy 9
134,700.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
14110
134700
25.4.1 Level Energy 10th
144,300.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
17100
144300
25.6.3 Level Energy 11
26,130.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
19900
169988
26.4.4 Level Energy 12
28,750.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
22219
189368
27.4.4 Level Energy 13
34,230.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
26930
76015
27.8.3 Level Energy 14
37,066.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
29196
86450
28.2.2 Level Energy 15
97,510.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
41987
97510
28.5.2 Level Energy 16
105,800.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
47206
109480
29.1.2 Level Energy 17
114,300.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
52737
122200
29.2.1 Level Energy 18
125,300.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
58570
134810
30.1.2 Level Energy 19
134,700.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
64702
148700
30.4.2 Level Energy 20
144,300.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
80400
171200
30.6.1 Level Energy 21
157,700.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
87000
179100
30.8.1 Level Energy 22
166,090.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
93400
184900
30.8.3 Level Energy 23rd
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
98420
198800
30.11.2 Level Energy 24
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
104400
195200
30.13.1 Level Energy 25th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
121900
121900
30.13.3 Level Energy 26th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
127700
127700
30.15.1 Level Energy 27th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
133800
133800
30.16.1 Level Energy 28th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
139800
139800
30.19.1 Level Energy 29
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
148100
148100
31.2.1 Level Energy 30
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
154500
154500
31.4 padha karo elektrokimia
0.32 g / amp-day1.96 g / amp-day
0.16812
8.3209
31.8 Fungsi Work elektron
32.3 Properties Kimia liyane
anti Corrosion, Kimia Stabilitas, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
33 atom
33.1 Panggil atom
33.5 Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 3d 5 4s 1
[Xe] 4F 7 5d 1 6s 2
33.6 Struktur Crystal
Body tengah kubik (Bcc)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
33.6.1 Crystal pola
33.7 atom
33.7.1 Jumlah proton
35.1.1 Jumlah Neutron
35.5.2 Jumlah Èlèktron
35.11 Radius saka Atom
35.11.1 Radius atom
128.00 pm180.00 pm
112
265
35.13.2 kovalen Radius
139.00 pm196.00 pm
96
260
2.0.0 Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm237.00 pm
139
348
2.3 Bobot atom
52.00 Amu47.87 Amu
6.94
294
2.9 Volume atom
7.23 cm3 / mol19.90 cm3 / mol
1.39
71.07
3.3 Nomer atom jejer
3.3.1 unsur Previous
3.3.2 Sabanjure unsur
3.4 Potensi Valence Electron
170.00 (-eV)46.10 (-eV)
8
392.42
3.8 Constant pola
291.00 pm363.60 pm
228.58
891.25
3.12 pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
3.13 Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya1.59
1.567
1.886
4 Teknik
4.1 Kapadhetan
4.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
7.19 g / cm 37.90 g / cm 3
0.534
40.7
4.4.1 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
6.30 g / cm37.40 g / cm3
0.512
20
4.6 Strength tensile
689.00 MPaora Sumadhiya
2.5
11000
4.8 viskositas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.001526
0.001526
5.2 meksa beluk
5.2.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)
2.47E-11
121
5.3.3 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
774.00 (Pa)7.39 (Pa)
2.62E-10
774
5.5 situs kelenturan
5.5.1 nyukur pengaturan
115.00 GPA21.80 GPA
1.3
222
5.7.2 pengaturan akeh
160.00 GPA37.90 GPA
1.6
462
5.7.6 Young kang pengaturan
279.00 GPA54.80 GPA
1.7
528
5.9 Poisson rasio
5.10 Properties Teknik liyane
6 Magnetic
6.1 Ciri Magnetic
6.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu
6.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic
Antiferromagnetic
Ferromagnetic
6.1.3 permeabilitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.25643E-06
0.0063
1.2.1 kelemahan
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
-0.000166
200000
1.4 Properties Listrik
1.4.1 Property Listrik
1.4.2 resistivity
125.00 nΩ · m1.31 nΩ · m
0.18
961
1.9.2 konduktivitas listrik
0.08 10 6 / cm Ω0.01 10 6 / cm Ω
0.00666
0.63
3.5.1 elektron Affinity
64.30 kJ / mol50.00 kJ / mol
0
222.8
6 termal
6.1 Kalor tartamtu
0.45 J / (kg K)0.23 J / (kg K)
0.11
3.6
6.6 Graham Kapasitas kalor
23.35 J / mol · K37.03 J / mol · K
16.443
62.7
6.8 doyo termal
93.90 W / m · K10.60 W / m · K
6.3
429
7.3 suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
26.3
3223
7.5 Expansion termal
4.90 μm / (m · K)9.40 μm / (m · K)
4.5
97
8.4 enthalpy
8.4.1 Enthalpy panguapan
348.80 kJ / mol359.40 kJ / mol
7.32
799.1
8.6.3 Enthalpy saka Fusion
15.31 kJ / mol10.05 kJ / mol
2.1
35.23
9.1.1 Enthalpy saka atomization
397.50 kJ / mol352.00 kJ / mol
61.5
837
21.8 Standard molar Entropy
23.80 J / mol.K68.10 J / mol.K
9.5
198.1