Praseodymium

kadmium

mbandhingaké Praseodymium lan kadmium

Praseodymium

kadmium

Add ⊕

Tabel périodik

Symbol

Panggil Group

312

0 17

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Panggil periode

2 7

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Block

pemblokiran f

d block

Family unsur

lanthanide

transisi Metal

CAS Number

74401007440439

7429905 54386242

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Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

Space Group Number

194.00194.00

11 276

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facts

Facts Interesting

Praseodymium logam sintetik diprodhuksi logam.
Praseodymium digunakake minangka bahan bakar kanggo generator radioaktif.

Unsur cilik sing alami kalebu Kadmium.

Kadmium dibebasake menyang atmosfer kanggo ngontrol letusan gunung geni lan kebakaran alas.

Kang digunakake kanggo electroplating saka Steel kanggo resistance karat.

Bisa nyerep neutron lan digunakake ing reaktor nuklir kanggo ngontrol fisi atom.

sumber

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals

Found Minangka By-produk, Found in Minerals, Mining

History

sing katutup

Karl Samuel Leberecht Hermann and Friedrich Stromeyer

Discovery

ing taun 1885

ing 1817

turah mbrawah

Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

0.00 %0.00 %

0 0.11

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Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

0.00 %0.00 %

0 0.1

👆🏻

Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.00 %

0 22

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Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.00 %

1E-37 8.1

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Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

0 1.1

👆🏻

Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

0.00 %0.00 %

0 1.4

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ulah

Ulah lan Wuku

Gunakake utama Praseodymium kalebu wesi. Praseodymium -Magnesium alloy digunakake ing mesin pesawat amarga kekuatan dhuwur.
metal iki uga digunakake nalika nggawe wesi sembrani permanen.

Wis Efesus banget winates minangka logam beracun lan bisa nimbulaké cacat lair, kanker, etc.
Meh 80% saka logam kadmium digunakake ing Nikel Baterei kadmium lan saiki lagi njupuk diganti karo isotop nikel.

Ulah Industrial

Industri Kimia

Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

Ulah Medical

Ulah liyane

wesi

Properties biologi

keracunan

arep Toxic

Toxic

Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

Sang

0.00 Sang / mg dm-30.01 Sang / mg dm-3

0 1970

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ing Bone

0.00 ppm1.80 ppm

0 170000

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fisik

leleh Point

935.00 ° C320.90 ° C

-38.83 3410

👆🏻

Boiling Point

3,130.00 ° C765.00 ° C

0 5660

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katon

State fisik

Solid

warna

klawu putih

Perak werna-Gray

luster

metallic

atose

Mohs atose

4.002.00

0.2 8.5

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Brinell atose

481.00 MPa203.00 MPa

0.14 3490

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Vickers atose

400.00 MPa90.00 MPa

0 3920

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Kacepetan swara

2,280.00 m / s2,310.00 m / s

818 16200

👆🏻

Properties Optical

bias Index

1.641.71

0.155 3.41

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reflectivity

60.00 %67.00 %

5 97

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allotropes

Ora

α allotropes

β allotropes

γ allotropes

Kimia

Formula Kimia

isotop

Isotop dikenal

3134

0 38

👆🏻

keelektronegatifan

Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.131.69

0 2.6

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Sanderson Elektronegativitas

1.131.98

0.22 2.56

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Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.071.46

0.86 1.9

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Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

1.131.53

0.62 2.48

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Allen Elektronegativitas

1.131.52

0.659 2.7

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Electropositivity

Pauling Electropositivity

2.872.31

1.46 3.3

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tenogo ionisasi

Level Energy 1st

527.00 kJ / mol867.80 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

👆🏻

Level Energy 2

1,020.00 kJ / mol1,631.40 kJ / mol

392.8 28750

👆🏻

Level Energy 3rd

2,086.00 kJ / mol3,616.00 kJ / mol

392.8 34230

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Level Energy 4

3,761.00 kJ / mol867.80 kJ / mol

375.7 37066

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Level Energy 5th

5,551.00 kJ / mol4,040.00 kJ / mol

392 97510

👆🏻

Level Energy 6th

5,270.00 kJ / mol8,640.00 kJ / mol

1007 105800

👆🏻

tingkat Energy 7

5,270.00 kJ / mol8,640.00 kJ / mol

1007 114300

👆🏻

Level Energy 8

5,270.00 kJ / mol8,640.00 kJ / mol

730 125300

👆🏻

Level Energy 9

5,270.00 kJ / mol8,670.00 kJ / mol

1007 134700

👆🏻

Level Energy 10th

5,270.00 kJ / mol8,650.00 kJ / mol

392 144300

👆🏻

Level Energy 11

5,274.00 kJ / mol8,670.00 kJ / mol

392 169988

👆🏻

Level Energy 12

5,270.00 kJ / mol86,400.00 kJ / mol

0 189368

👆🏻

Level Energy 13

5,270.00 kJ / mol8,640.00 kJ / mol

1007 76015

👆🏻

Level Energy 14

5,270.00 kJ / mol8,650.00 kJ / mol

380 86450

👆🏻

Level Energy 15

52,700.00 kJ / mol86,400.00 kJ / mol

33000 100700

👆🏻

Level Energy 16

52,700.00 kJ / mol86,400.00 kJ / mol

375.7 109480

👆🏻

Level Energy 17

527.30 kJ / mol864.90 kJ / mol

375.7 122200

👆🏻

Level Energy 18

5,270.00 kJ / mol8,670.00 kJ / mol

0 134810

👆🏻

Level Energy 19

527.30 kJ / mol867.80 kJ / mol

375.7 148700

👆🏻

Level Energy 20

527.00 kJ / mol865.00 kJ / mol

0 171200

👆🏻

Level Energy 21

527.00 kJ / mol8,670.00 kJ / mol

375.7 179100

👆🏻

Level Energy 22

527.00 kJ / mol864.00 kJ / mol

330 184900

👆🏻

Level Energy 23rd

527.00 kJ / mol864.90 kJ / mol

357.6 198800

👆🏻

Level Energy 24

527.40 kJ / mol864.90 kJ / mol

297.3 195200

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Level Energy 25th

527.00 kJ / mol864.00 kJ / mol

0 121900

👆🏻

Level Energy 26th

527.40 kJ / mol864.90 kJ / mol

357.6 127700

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Level Energy 27th

527.40 kJ / mol864.90 kJ / mol

0 133800

👆🏻

Level Energy 28th

527.40 kJ / mol864.90 kJ / mol

297.3 139800

👆🏻

Level Energy 29

527.00 kJ / mol864.90 kJ / mol

0 148100

👆🏻

Level Energy 30

527.00 kJ / mol864.00 kJ / mol

0 154500

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padha karo elektrokimia

1.75 g / amp-day2.10 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

👆🏻

Fungsi Work elektron

2.70 eV4.22 eV

2.14 6

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Properties Kimia liyane

anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif

Kimia Stabilitas, anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

atom

Panggil atom

5948

3 117

👆🏻

Konfigurasi elektron

[Xe] 4F ³ 6s ²

[Kr] 4d ¹⁰ 5S ²

Struktur Crystal

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

Crystal pola

atom

Jumlah proton

5948

3 117

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Jumlah Neutron

8264

4 285

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Jumlah Èlèktron

5948

3 117

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Radius saka Atom

Radius atom

182.00 pm151.00 pm

0 348

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kovalen Radius

203.00 pm144.00 pm

0 260

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Van der Waals Radius

239.00 pm158.00 pm

0 348

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Bobot atom

140.91 Amu112.41 Amu

6.94 294

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Volume atom

20.80 cm3 / mol13.10 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

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Nomer atom jejer

unsur Previous

Sabanjure unsur

Potensi Valence Electron

42.64 (-eV)30.00 (-eV)

0 392.42

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Constant pola

367.25 pm297.94 pm

0 891.25

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pola Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

Pola C / A rasio

1.611.89

0.423 1.9

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Teknik

Kapadhetan

Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

6.77 g / cm ³8.65 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

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Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

6.50 g / cm38.00 g / cm3

0.512 41

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Strength tensile

55.00 MPa62.00 MPa

0.1 11000

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viskositas

0.000.00

1.5E-05 0.0035

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meksa beluk

Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

0 121

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Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

13.20 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

0 774

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situs kelenturan

nyukur pengaturan

14.80 GPA19.00 GPA

1.3 222

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pengaturan akeh

28.80 GPA42.00 GPA

0 462

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Young kang pengaturan

37.30 GPA50.00 GPA

0 528

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Poisson rasio

0.280.30

0.032 0.47

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Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable

Magnetic

Ciri Magnetic

Gravitasi tartamtu

6.778.65

0.53 4500

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Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

diamagnetic

permeabilitas

0.00 H / m0.00 H / m

1.25643E-06 0.0063

👆🏻

kelemahan

0.000.00

-0.000166 200000

👆🏻

Properties Listrik

Property Listrik

Arman

Semiconductor

resistivity

0.70 nΩ · m72.70 nΩ · m

0.1 961

👆🏻

konduktivitas listrik

0.01 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.14 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0 0.63

👆🏻

elektron Affinity

50.00 kJ / mol0.00 kJ / mol

0 222.8

👆🏻

termal

Kalor tartamtu

0.19 J / (kg K)0.23 J / (kg K)

0.1 3.6

👆🏻

Graham Kapasitas kalor

27.20 J / mol · K26.02 J / mol · K

13.1 62.7

👆🏻

doyo termal

12.50 W / m · K96.60 W / m · K

0 429

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suhu kritis

1,208.00 K594.00 K

26.3 3695

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Expansion termal

6.70 μm / (m · K)30.80 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

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enthalpy

Enthalpy panguapan

296.80 kJ / mol100.00 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

👆🏻

Enthalpy saka Fusion

6.89 kJ / mol6.19 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

👆🏻

Enthalpy saka atomization

368.00 kJ / mol113.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

👆🏻

Standard molar Entropy

73.20 J / mol.K51.80 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

👆🏻

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