rhodium

Praseodymium

mbandhingaké rhodium lan Praseodymium

rhodium

Praseodymium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

9ora Sumadhiya

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

d block

pemblokiran f

1.5 Family unsur

transisi Metal

lanthanide

1.6 CAS Number

74401667440100

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

Fm_ 3M

P63 / mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

225.00194.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

Rhodium punika unsur paling langka metu kabeh logam non-radioaktif ing bumi.
Rhodium punika salah siji sing paling awet lan hard logam, kang uga duwe reflectance dhuwur.

Praseodymium logam sintetik diprodhuksi logam.
Praseodymium digunakake minangka bahan bakar kanggo generator radioaktif.

2.2 sumber

bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found Minangka By-produk, Found in Minerals, Mining

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

William Hyde Wollaston

Not Available

2.3.2 Discovery

ing taun 1804

ing taun 1885

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

6 * 10^-8 %2 * 10^-7 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.0000002 %~0.0000001 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Character length exceed error

Gunakake utama Praseodymium kalebu wesi. Praseodymium -Magnesium alloy digunakake ing mesin pesawat amarga kekuatan dhuwur.
metal iki uga digunakake nalika nggawe wesi sembrani permanen.

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

Industri Kimia

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

arep Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

3.2.3 Sang

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0 1970

3.2.4 ing Bone

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

1,966.00 ° C935.00 ° C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

3,727.00 ° C3,130.00 ° C

147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

perak Putih

klawu putih

4.3.3 luster

metallic

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

6.00ora Sumadhiya

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell atose

980.00 MPa481.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers atose

1,100.00 MPa400.00 MPa

121 3430

4.5 Kacepetan swara

4,700.00 m / s2,280.00 m / s

818 16200

4.6 Properties Optical

4.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 reflectivity

84.00 %ora Sumadhiya

58 97

4.7 allotropes

Ora

4.7.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

5 Kimia

5.1 Formula Kimia

5.2 isotop

5.2.1 Isotop dikenal

1631

0 38

5.3 keelektronegatifan

5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

2.281.13

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.451.07

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas

1.56ora Sumadhiya

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

1.722.87

1.46 3.3

5.5 tenogo ionisasi

5.5.1 Level Energy 1st

719.70 kJ / mol527.00 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 Level Energy 2

1,740.00 kJ / mol1,020.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd

2,997.00 kJ / mol2,086.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 Level Energy 4

ora Sumadhiya3,761.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiya5,551.00 kJ / mol

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

5.5.10 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

5.5.11 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

5.5.12 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

5.5.13 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

5.5.14 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

5.5.15 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

5.5.16 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

5.5.17 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

5.5.18 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

5.5.19 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

5.5.20 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

5.5.21 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

5.5.22 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

5.5.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

5.5.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

5.5.26 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

5.5.27 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

5.5.28 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

5.5.29 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

5.5.30 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

5.6 padha karo elektrokimia

1.28 g / amp-day1.75 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Fungsi Work elektron

4.98 eV2.70 eV

2.14 5.65

5.8 Properties Kimia liyane

anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif

6 atom

6.1 Panggil atom

4559

3 117

6.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Kr] 4d ⁸ 5S ¹

[Xe] 4F ³ 6s ²

6.3 Struktur Crystal

Face tengah kubik (FCC)

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

6.3.1 Crystal pola

6.4 atom

6.4.1 Jumlah proton

4559

3 117

6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

5882

4 184

6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

4559

3 117

6.5 Radius saka Atom

6.5.1 Radius atom

134.00 pm182.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 kovalen Radius

142.00 pm203.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

200.00 pm239.00 pm

139 348

6.6 Bobot atom

102.91 Amu140.91 Amu

6.94 294

6.7 Volume atom

8.30 cm3 / mol20.80 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

6.8 Nomer atom jejer

6.8.1 unsur Previous

6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

6.9 Potensi Valence Electron

64.00 (-eV)42.64 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.10 Constant pola

380.34 pm367.25 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

6.12 Pola C / A rasio

ora Sumadhiya1.61

1.567 1.886

7 Teknik

7.1 Kapadhetan

7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

12.41 g / cm ³6.77 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

10.70 g / cm36.50 g / cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Strength tensile

951.00 MPaora Sumadhiya

2.5 11000

7.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 meksa beluk

7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

ora Sumadhiya0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

0.02 (Pa)13.20 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

7.5 situs kelenturan

7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

150.00 GPA14.80 GPA

1.3 222

7.5.2 pengaturan akeh

275.00 GPA28.80 GPA

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

380.00 GPA37.30 GPA

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson rasio

0.260.28

0.032 0.47

7.7 Properties Teknik liyane

malleable

ductile, malleable

8 Magnetic

8.1 Ciri Magnetic

8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

12.416.77

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

8.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Properties Listrik

8.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman

8.2.2 resistivity

43.30 nΩ · m0.70 nΩ · m

0.18 961

8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.21 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.01 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 elektron Affinity

109.70 kJ / mol50.00 kJ / mol

0 222.8

9 termal

9.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.24 J / (kg K)0.19 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

24.98 J / mol · K27.20 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

9.3 doyo termal

150.00 W / m · K12.50 W / m · K

6.3 429

9.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

9.5 Expansion termal

8.20 μm / (m · K)6.70 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

9.6 enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

495.40 kJ / mol296.80 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

21.76 kJ / mol6.89 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

556.50 kJ / mol368.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard molar Entropy

31.50 J / mol.K73.20 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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