Tin

Praseodymium

mbandhingaké Tin lan Praseodymium

Tin

Praseodymium

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

14ora Sumadhiya

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

p pemblokiran

pemblokiran f

1.5 Family unsur

Transisi Post-

lanthanide

1.6 CAS Number

74403157440100

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

I41 / AMD

P63 / mmc

1.8 Space Group Number

141.00194.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

Ing dhaptar paling unsur KALUBÈRAN timah ditingkat 49.
metal Tin ora nanggepi karo banyu uga ora corrode ing.

Praseodymium logam sintetik diprodhuksi logam.
Praseodymium digunakake minangka bahan bakar kanggo generator radioaktif.

2.2 sumber

Found in Minerals, Mining

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Unknown

Not Available

2.3.2 Discovery

Sadurunge 3500 BC

ing taun 1885

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

4 * 10^-7 %2 * 10^-7 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.0000009 %~0.0000001 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %0.00 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.00 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

0.00 %ora Sumadhiya

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

alloy Tin-niobium digunakake kanggo prodhuksi superconducting wesi sembrani.
uyah Tin dikenal minangka klorida timah II, kang digunakake minangka mordant lan reduktor kanggo dyeing calico lan sutra.

Gunakake utama Praseodymium kalebu wesi. Praseodymium -Magnesium alloy digunakake ing mesin pesawat amarga kekuatan dhuwur.
metal iki uga digunakake nalika nggawe wesi sembrani permanen.

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industri Pangan

Industri Kimia

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

Dentistry

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

non Toxic

arep Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

3.2.3 Sang

0.38 Sang / mg dm-3ora Sumadhiya

0 1970

3.2.4 ing Bone

1.40 ppmora Sumadhiya

0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

231.90 ° C935.00 ° C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

2,270.00 ° C3,130.00 ° C

147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

perak Putih

klawu putih

4.3.3 luster

metallic

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

1.50ora Sumadhiya

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell atose

50.00 MPa481.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.4.3 Vickers atose

ora Sumadhiya400.00 MPa

121 3430

4.5 Kacepetan swara

2,730.00 m / s2,280.00 m / s

818 16200

4.6 Properties Optical

4.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

4.6.2 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58 97

4.7 allotropes

Ora

4.7.1 α allotropes

Grey Tin (alpha Tin, Tin Pest)

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.2 β allotropes

Putih Tin (Beta Tin)

ora Sumadhiya

4.7.3 γ allotropes

Rhombic Tin (gamma Tin)

ora Sumadhiya

5 Kimia

5.1 Formula Kimia

5.2 isotop

5.2.1 Isotop dikenal

3531

0 38

5.3 keelektronegatifan

5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.961.13

0.7 2.54

5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

1.49ora Sumadhiya

0.22 2.56

5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.721.07

0.86 1.82

5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

2.21ora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas

1.82ora Sumadhiya

0.659 2.7

5.4 Electropositivity

5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.042.87

1.46 3.3

5.5 tenogo ionisasi

5.5.1 Level Energy 1st

708.60 kJ / mol527.00 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

5.5.2 Level Energy 2

1,411.80 kJ / mol1,020.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd

2,943.00 kJ / mol2,086.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

5.5.4 Level Energy 4

3,930.30 kJ / mol3,761.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

5.5.5 Level Energy 5th

7,456.00 kJ / mol5,551.00 kJ / mol

4305.2 97510

5.5.6 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

5715.8 105800

5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

7226.8 114300

5.5.8 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

8857.4 125300

5.5.9 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

14110 134700

5.5.10 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

17100 144300

5.5.11 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

19900 169988

5.5.12 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

22219 189368

5.5.13 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26930 76015

5.5.14 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

29196 86450

5.5.15 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

41987 97510

5.5.16 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

47206 109480

5.5.17 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

52737 122200

5.5.18 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

58570 134810

5.5.19 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

64702 148700

5.5.20 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

80400 171200

5.5.21 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

87000 179100

5.5.22 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

93400 184900

5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

98420 198800

5.5.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

5.5.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

5.5.26 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

5.5.27 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

5.5.28 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

5.5.29 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

5.5.30 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

5.6 padha karo elektrokimia

1.11 g / amp-day1.75 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

5.7 Fungsi Work elektron

4.42 eV2.70 eV

2.14 5.65

5.8 Properties Kimia liyane

ionisasi, kelarutan

anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif

6 atom

6.1 Panggil atom

5059

3 117

6.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Kr] 4d ¹⁰ 5S ² 5p ²

[Xe] 4F ³ 6s ²

6.3 Struktur Crystal

Tetragonal (TETR)

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

6.3.1 Crystal pola

6.4 atom

6.4.1 Jumlah proton

5059

3 117

6.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

6982

4 184

6.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

5059

3 117

6.5 Radius saka Atom

6.5.1 Radius atom

140.00 pm182.00 pm

112 265

6.5.2 kovalen Radius

139.00 pm203.00 pm

96 260

6.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

217.00 pm239.00 pm

139 348

6.6 Bobot atom

118.71 Amu140.91 Amu

6.94 294

6.7 Volume atom

16.30 cm3 / mol20.80 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

6.8 Nomer atom jejer

6.8.1 unsur Previous

6.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

6.9 Potensi Valence Electron

83.50 (-eV)42.64 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.10 Constant pola

583.18 pm367.25 pm

228.58 891.25

6.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

6.12 Pola C / A rasio

ora Sumadhiya1.61

1.567 1.886

7 Teknik

7.1 Kapadhetan

7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

7.37 g / cm ³6.77 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

7.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

6.99 g / cm36.50 g / cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

2.5 11000

7.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 meksa beluk

7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

7.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

ora Sumadhiya13.20 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

7.5 situs kelenturan

7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

18.00 GPA14.80 GPA

1.3 222

7.5.2 pengaturan akeh

58.00 GPA28.80 GPA

1.6 462

7.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

50.00 GPA37.30 GPA

1.7 528

7.6 Poisson rasio

0.360.28

0.032 0.47

7.7 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile, malleable

8 Magnetic

8.1 Ciri Magnetic

8.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

7.316.77

0.53 4500

8.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

diamagnetic

paramagnetic

8.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.25643E-06 0.0063

8.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

-0.000166 200000

8.2 Properties Listrik

8.2.1 Property Listrik

superconductor

Arman

8.2.2 resistivity

115.00 nΩ · m0.70 nΩ · m

0.18 961

8.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.09 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.01 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

8.2.4 elektron Affinity

107.30 kJ / mol50.00 kJ / mol

0 222.8

9 termal

9.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.23 J / (kg K)0.19 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

9.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

27.11 J / mol · K27.20 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

9.3 doyo termal

66.80 W / m · K12.50 W / m · K

6.3 429

9.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

9.5 Expansion termal

22.00 μm / (m · K)6.70 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

9.6 enthalpy

9.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

290.40 kJ / mol296.80 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

9.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

7.03 kJ / mol6.89 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

9.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

301.30 kJ / mol368.00 kJ / mol

61.5 837

9.7 Standard molar Entropy

51.20 J / mol.K73.20 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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