polonium

Nickel

polonium mungsuh Nickel

polonium

Nickel

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

1610

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

p pemblokiran

d block

1.5 Family unsur

Transisi Post-

transisi Metal

1.6 CAS Number

74400867440020

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

Pm-3M

Fm_ 3M

1.8 Space Group Number

221.00225.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

Polonium unsur radioaktif sing pisanan ditemokaké.

unsur polonium lan senyawa Highly radioaktif.

Sawijining logam campuran karo Beryllium menehi sumber neutron.

Seng logam ketemu (diwenehi) ing akeh formulir kaya granules, foil, bledug lan ing wangun bubuk.
Sawise wesi, Seng logam kaloro paling akeh ing kerak bumi.

2.2 sumber

Mining, Ores logam

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Pierre Curie and Marie Curie

Axel Fredrik Cronstedt

2.3.2 Discovery

ing taun 1898

ing 1751

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

ora Sumadhiya6 * 10^-3 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~-9999 %~0.008 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

ora Sumadhiya1.30 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.8 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

ora Sumadhiya0.01 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.11 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.14 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Polonium logam allotropes beda, kang digunakake ing piranti antistatic lan kanggo riset waé.

A 1 gram saka Polonium bisa tekan suhu 500 ° C, Empu kang digunakake minangka sumber panas kanggo peralatan papan.

Wis resistance karat lan Empu iku digunakake kanggo piring logam.
wesi banget migunani; alloy Nichrome digunakake ing kumparan panas saka toasters lan open listrik.

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi

Industry automobile, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

Highly Toxic

Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

Ora

3.2.3 Sang

0.00 Sang / mg dm-30.05 Sang / mg dm-3

0 1970

3.2.6 ing Bone

0.00 ppm0.70 ppm

0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

254.00 ° C1,453.00 ° C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

962.00 ° C2,732.00 ° C

147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

Silver

4.3.4 luster

metallic

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

ora Sumadhiya4.00

0.2 8.5

4.5.1 Brinell atose

ora Sumadhiya667.00 MPa

0.14 3490

4.6.1 Vickers atose

ora Sumadhiya638.00 MPa

121 3430

5.5 Kacepetan swara

ora Sumadhiya4,900.00 m / s

818 16200

5.6 Properties Optical

5.6.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

5.7.2 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiya72.00 %

58 97

5.8 allotropes

Ora

5.8.1 α allotropes

α-polonium

ora Sumadhiya

5.8.2 β allotropes

β-polonium

ora Sumadhiya

5.8.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

6 Kimia

6.1 Formula Kimia

6.2 isotop

6.2.1 Isotop dikenal

2925

0 38

7.6 keelektronegatifan

7.6.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

2.001.91

0.7 2.54

7.6.3 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiya1.94

0.22 2.56

7.6.5 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.761.75

0.86 1.82

7.7.1 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

2.48ora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

8.1.2 Allen Elektronegativitas

2.191.88

0.659 2.7

8.2 Electropositivity

8.2.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.002.09

1.46 3.3

8.4 tenogo ionisasi

8.4.1 Level Energy 1st

812.10 kJ / mol737.10 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

8.4.2 Level Energy 2

ora Sumadhiya1,753.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

8.4.4 Level Energy 3rd

ora Sumadhiya3,395.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

9.1.1 Level Energy 4

ora Sumadhiya5,300.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

9.2.1 Level Energy 5th

ora Sumadhiya7,339.00 kJ / mol

4305.2 97510

9.2.2 Level Energy 6th

ora Sumadhiya10,400.00 kJ / mol

5715.8 105800

9.2.3 tingkat Energy 7

ora Sumadhiya12,800.00 kJ / mol

7226.8 114300

9.2.4 Level Energy 8

ora Sumadhiya15,600.00 kJ / mol

8857.4 125300

9.3.1 Level Energy 9

ora Sumadhiya18,600.00 kJ / mol

14110 134700

9.4.1 Level Energy 10th

ora Sumadhiya21,670.00 kJ / mol

17100 144300

9.5.1 Level Energy 11

ora Sumadhiya30,970.00 kJ / mol

19900 169988

9.6.2 Level Energy 12

ora Sumadhiya34,000.00 kJ / mol

22219 189368

9.6.4 Level Energy 13

ora Sumadhiya37,100.00 kJ / mol

26930 76015

9.6.6 Level Energy 14

ora Sumadhiya41,500.00 kJ / mol

29196 86450

1.2.1 Level Energy 15

ora Sumadhiya44,800.00 kJ / mol

41987 97510

1.3.1 Level Energy 16

ora Sumadhiya48,100.00 kJ / mol

47206 109480

1.6.1 Level Energy 17

ora Sumadhiya55,101.00 kJ / mol

52737 122200

2.4.2 Level Energy 18

ora Sumadhiya58,570.00 kJ / mol

58570 134810

2.4.3 Level Energy 19

ora Sumadhiya148,700.00 kJ / mol

64702 148700

2.4.5 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiya159,000.00 kJ / mol

80400 171200

2.4.7 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiya169,400.00 kJ / mol

87000 179100

2.4.9 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiya182,700.00 kJ / mol

93400 184900

2.4.11 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiya194,000.00 kJ / mol

98420 198800

2.4.12 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

3.2.4 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

3.2.5 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

3.2.7 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

4.1.1 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

4.2.1 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

4.2.2 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

4.5 padha karo elektrokimia

3.90 g / amp-day1.10 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

4.6 Fungsi Work elektron

ora Sumadhiya5.15 eV

2.14 5.65

4.9 Properties Kimia liyane

ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif

5 atom

5.1 Panggil atom

8428

3 117

6.4 Konfigurasi elektron

[Xe] 4F ¹⁴ 5d ¹⁰ 6s ² 6p ⁴

[Ar] 3d ⁸ 4s ² Utawa [Ar] 3d ⁹ 4s ¹

6.5 Struktur Crystal

Pénguapan (Mon)

Face tengah kubik (FCC)

6.5.1 Crystal pola

6.6 atom

6.6.1 Jumlah proton

8428

3 117

6.6.6 Jumlah Neutron

12531

4 184

6.8.2 Jumlah Èlèktron

8428

3 117

6.9 Radius saka Atom

6.9.1 Radius atom

168.00 pm124.00 pm

112 265

6.9.3 kovalen Radius

140.00 pm124.00 pm

96 260

6.9.5 Van der Waals Radius

197.00 pm163.00 pm

139 348

6.10 Bobot atom

209.00 Amu58.69 Amu

6.94 294

6.11 Volume atom

22.23 cm3 / mol6.59 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

6.12 Nomer atom jejer

6.12.1 unsur Previous

6.12.2 Sabanjure unsur

6.13 Potensi Valence Electron

ora Sumadhiya42.00 (-eV)

8 392.42

6.14 Constant pola

335.90 pm352.40 pm

228.58 891.25

6.15 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, π/2

6.16 Pola C / A rasio

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.567 1.886

7 Teknik

7.1 Kapadhetan

7.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

9.20 g / cm ³8.91 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

7.1.4 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

9.40 g / cm37.81 g / cm3

0.512 20

7.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiya345.00 MPa

2.5 11000

7.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

7.4 meksa beluk

7.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

ora Sumadhiya0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

7.4.4 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

ora Sumadhiya19.50 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

7.5 situs kelenturan

7.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

ora Sumadhiya76.00 GPA

1.3 222

7.6.1 pengaturan akeh

ora Sumadhiya180.00 GPA

1.6 462

7.7.1 Young kang pengaturan

ora Sumadhiya200.00 GPA

1.7 528

8.5 Poisson rasio

ora Sumadhiya0.31

0.032 0.47

8.6 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile

9 Magnetic

9.1 Ciri Magnetic

9.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

9.328.90

0.53 4500

9.1.3 Nindakake Magnetic

nonmagnetic

Ferromagnetic

9.1.4 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiya0.00 H / m

1.25643E-06 0.0063

9.2.2 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiya600.00

-0.000166 200000

9.3 Properties Listrik

9.3.1 Property Listrik

Arman

9.3.2 resistivity

0.40 nΩ · m69.30 nΩ · m

0.18 961

9.4.1 konduktivitas listrik

0.02 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.14 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

9.5.1 elektron Affinity

183.30 kJ / mol112.00 kJ / mol

0 222.8

10 termal

10.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.12 J / (kg K)0.44 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

11.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

26.40 J / mol · K26.07 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

11.7 doyo termal

20.00 W / m · K90.90 W / m · K

6.3 429

11.8 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

11.10 Expansion termal

23.50 μm / (m · K)13.40 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

12.2 enthalpy

12.2.1 Enthalpy panguapan

60.30 kJ / mol371.80 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

12.2.5 Enthalpy saka Fusion

13.00 kJ / mol17.57 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

12.3.4 Enthalpy saka atomization

134.00 kJ / mol422.60 kJ / mol

61.5 837

13.2 Standard molar Entropy

ora Sumadhiya29.90 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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