rubidium mungsuh Hafnium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Rb
Hf
Panggil Group
1
17
4
14
Panggil periode
5
6
Block
s pemblokiran
d block
Family unsur
alkali
transisi Metal
CAS Number
7440177
99+
7440586
30
Jeneng papan Group
3M Im_
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
229.00
1
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Rubidium logam unsur 16 paling umum ditemokake ing lemah ndhuwur bumi.
- metal Rubidium uga ditemokake ing mineral uga banyu segara.
- Hafnium logam reaktif, Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
- metal Hafnium minangka predicated sawise Mendeleev rampung tabel périodik kang.
sumber
Dijupuk saka Produksi Lithium.
Miturut-produk Nyaring panggolekan Zirconium
History
sing katutup
Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy
Discovery
ing 1861
ing taun 1922
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
1 * 10-6 %
16
7 * 10-8 %
25
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.000003 %
17
~0.0000001 %
26
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
19
0.00 %
37
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.01 %
18
0.00 %
31
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
7
0.00 %
27
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %
7
ora Sumadhiya
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- aplikasi utama Rubidium iku ing Manufaktur kaca.
- Rubidium bisa banget gampang njaluk ionized lan Empu iku digunakake kanggo mesin ion, nanging isih kurang efisien tinimbang sing saka Caesium.
Character length exceed error
Ulah Industrial
NA
Industry amunisi
Ulah Medical
NA
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi, tujuan Research
wesi, Ing Reactors Nuclear, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
Properties biologi
keracunan
non Toxic
Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ora
Sang
2.49 Sang / mg dm-3
7
ora Sumadhiya
ing Bone
5.00 ppm
13
ora Sumadhiya
fisik Properties
leleh Point
38.89 ° C
99+
2,150.00 ° C
10
Boiling Point
688.00 ° C
99+
5,400.00 ° C
5
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
klawu putih
Gray
luster
NA
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
0.30
24
5.50
7
Brinell atose
0.22 MPa
99+
1,450.00 MPa
6
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
1,520.00 MPa
5
Kacepetan swara
1,300.00 m / s
99+
3,010.00 m / s
27
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Rb
Hf
isotop
Isotop dikenal
29
10
32
7
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
0.82
99+
1.30
32
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
0.31
32
ora Sumadhiya
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
0.89
40
1.23
25
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
0.69
24
ora Sumadhiya
Allen Elektronegativitas
0.71
99+
1.16
37
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
3.18
3
2.70
22
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
403.00 kJ / mol
99+
658.50 kJ / mol
40
Level Energy 2
2,633.00 kJ / mol
6
1,440.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
3,860.00 kJ / mol
11
2,250.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
5,080.00 kJ / mol
18
3,216.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 5th
6,850.00 kJ / mol
19
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 6th
8,140.00 kJ / mol
20
ora Sumadhiya
tingkat Energy 7
9,570.00 kJ / mol
20
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 8
13,120.00 kJ / mol
17
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 9
14,500.00 kJ / mol
18
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 10th
26,740.00 kJ / mol
6
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
3.19 g / amp-day
14
1.66 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
2.16 eV
99+
3.90 eV
27
Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif
anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
37
99+
72
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Kr] 5S 1
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 2 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Body tengah kubik (Bcc)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
37
99+
72
99+
Jumlah Neutron
48
99+
106
29
Jumlah Èlèktron
37
99+
72
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
248.00 pm
2
159.00 pm
28
kovalen Radius
220.00 pm
4
175.00 pm
23
Van der Waals Radius
303.00 pm
3
200.00 pm
28
Bobot atom
85.47 Amu
99+
178.49 Amu
39
Volume atom
55.90 cm3 / mol
2
13.60 cm3 / mol
38
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
9.47 (-eV)
99+
81.00 (-eV)
16
Constant pola
558.50 pm
10
319.64 pm
99+
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
1.58
12
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
1.53 g / cm 3
99+
13.31 g / cm 3
26
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
1.46 g / cm3
99+
12.00 g / cm3
12
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
445.00 MPa
8
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 (Pa)
24
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
ora Sumadhiya
30.00 GPA
23
pengaturan akeh
2.50 GPA
99+
110.00 GPA
15
Young kang pengaturan
2.40 GPA
99+
78.00 GPA
25
Poisson rasio
ora Sumadhiya
0.37
7
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
1.53
99+
13.31
18
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
128.00 nΩ · m
26
331.00 nΩ · m
14
konduktivitas listrik
0.08 10 6 / cm Ω
24
0.03 10 6 / cm Ω
39
elektron Affinity
46.90 kJ / mol
24
0.00 kJ / mol
40
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.36 J / (kg K)
17
0.14 J / (kg K)
37
Graham Kapasitas kalor
31.06 J / mol · K
5
25.73 J / mol · K
36
doyo termal
58.20 W / m · K
26
23.00 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
2,093.00 K
4
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
90.00 μm / (m · K)
2
5.90 μm / (m · K)
99+
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
69.20 kJ / mol
99+
661.10 kJ / mol
5
Enthalpy saka Fusion
2.19 kJ / mol
99+
25.10 kJ / mol
8
Enthalpy saka atomization
82.00 kJ / mol
99+
703.00 kJ / mol
5
Standard molar Entropy
76.80 J / mol.K
5
43.60 J / mol.K
34
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