Scandium

Nickel

Scandium mungsuh Nickel

Scandium

Nickel

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1 Tabel périodik

1.1 Symbol

1.2 Panggil Group

310

0 17

1.3 Panggil periode

2 7

1.4 Block

d block

1.5 Family unsur

transisi Metal

1.6 CAS Number

74402027440020

7429905 54386242

1.7 Jeneng papan Group

P63 / mmc

Fm_ 3M

1.8 Space Group Number

194.00225.00

11 229

2 facts

2.1 Facts Interesting

Scandium dikenal minangka salah siji saka unsur bumi.
metal Scandium ditemokake ing mineral langka disebut wolframite.

Seng logam ketemu (diwenehi) ing akeh formulir kaya granules, foil, bledug lan ing wangun bubuk.
Sawise wesi, Seng logam kaloro paling akeh ing kerak bumi.

2.2 sumber

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals

Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals

2.3 History

2.3.1 sing katutup

Lars Fredrik Nilson

Axel Fredrik Cronstedt

2.3.2 Discovery

ing taun 1879

ing 1751

2.4 turah mbrawah

2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe

3 * 10^-6 %6 * 10^-3 %

5E-09 0.11

2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun

~0.000004 %~0.008 %

1E-08 0.1

2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit

0.00 %1.30 %

1.7E-07 22

2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur

0.00 %0.01 %

9.9E-12 8.1

2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara

0.00 %0.00 %

2E-23 1.1

2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa

ora Sumadhiya0.00 %

1E-13 1.4

3 ulah

3.1 Ulah lan Wuku

Character length exceed error

Wis resistance karat lan Empu iku digunakake kanggo piring logam.
wesi banget migunani; alloy Nichrome digunakake ing kumparan panas saka toasters lan open listrik.

3.1.1 Ulah Industrial

Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

Industry automobile, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik

3.1.2 Ulah Medical

3.1.3 Ulah liyane

wesi

3.2 Properties biologi

3.2.1 keracunan

non Toxic

Toxic

3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human

3.2.3 Sang

0.01 Sang / mg dm-30.05 Sang / mg dm-3

0 1970

3.2.4 ing Bone

0.00 ppm0.70 ppm

0 170000

4 fisik

4.1 leleh Point

1,539.00 ° C1,453.00 ° C

27 3410

4.2 Boiling Point

2,832.00 ° C2,732.00 ° C

147 5660

4.3 katon

4.3.1 State fisik

Solid

4.3.2 warna

perak Putih

Silver

4.3.3 luster

lustrous

metallic

4.4 atose

4.4.1 Mohs atose

ora Sumadhiya4.00

0.2 8.5

4.4.2 Brinell atose

750.00 MPa667.00 MPa

0.14 3490

1.1.1 Vickers atose

ora Sumadhiya638.00 MPa

121 3430

1.2 Kacepetan swara

ora Sumadhiya4,900.00 m / s

818 16200

1.4 Properties Optical

1.4.1 bias Index

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

1.000933 1.7229

1.4.2 reflectivity

ora Sumadhiya72.00 %

58 97

1.7 allotropes

Ora

1.7.1 α allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

1.7.2 β allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

1.7.3 γ allotropes

ora Sumadhiya

2 Kimia

2.1 Formula Kimia

2.2 isotop

2.2.1 Isotop dikenal

1325

0 38

2.3 keelektronegatifan

2.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas

1.361.91

0.7 2.54

2.3.3 Sanderson Elektronegativitas

1.021.94

0.22 2.56

2.4.1 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas

1.201.75

0.86 1.82

2.5.2 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.62 2.48

2.6.1 Allen Elektronegativitas

1.191.88

0.659 2.7

2.7 Electropositivity

2.7.1 Pauling Electropositivity

2.642.09

1.46 3.3

2.8 tenogo ionisasi

2.8.1 Level Energy 1st

633.10 kJ / mol737.10 kJ / mol

375.7 26130

2.8.2 Level Energy 2

1,235.00 kJ / mol1,753.00 kJ / mol

710.2162 28750

2.8.3 Level Energy 3rd

2,388.60 kJ / mol3,395.00 kJ / mol

1600 34230

2.8.4 Level Energy 4

7,090.60 kJ / mol5,300.00 kJ / mol

2780 37066

2.8.5 Level Energy 5th

8,843.00 kJ / mol7,339.00 kJ / mol

4305.2 97510

2.8.6 Level Energy 6th

10,679.00 kJ / mol10,400.00 kJ / mol

5715.8 105800

2.8.7 tingkat Energy 7

13,310.00 kJ / mol12,800.00 kJ / mol

7226.8 114300

2.8.8 Level Energy 8

15,250.00 kJ / mol15,600.00 kJ / mol

8857.4 125300

2.8.9 Level Energy 9

17,370.00 kJ / mol18,600.00 kJ / mol

14110 134700

2.8.10 Level Energy 10th

21,726.00 kJ / mol21,670.00 kJ / mol

17100 144300

2.8.11 Level Energy 11

24,102.00 kJ / mol30,970.00 kJ / mol

19900 169988

2.8.12 Level Energy 12

66,320.00 kJ / mol34,000.00 kJ / mol

22219 189368

2.8.13 Level Energy 13

73,010.00 kJ / mol37,100.00 kJ / mol

26930 76015

2.8.14 Level Energy 14

80,160.00 kJ / mol41,500.00 kJ / mol

29196 86450

2.8.15 Level Energy 15

89,490.00 kJ / mol44,800.00 kJ / mol

41987 97510

2.8.16 Level Energy 16

97,400.00 kJ / mol48,100.00 kJ / mol

47206 109480

2.8.17 Level Energy 17

105,600.00 kJ / mol55,101.00 kJ / mol

52737 122200

2.8.18 Level Energy 18

117,000.00 kJ / mol58,570.00 kJ / mol

58570 134810

2.8.19 Level Energy 19

124,270.00 kJ / mol148,700.00 kJ / mol

64702 148700

2.8.20 Level Energy 20

ora Sumadhiya159,000.00 kJ / mol

80400 171200

2.8.21 Level Energy 21

ora Sumadhiya169,400.00 kJ / mol

87000 179100

2.8.22 Level Energy 22

ora Sumadhiya182,700.00 kJ / mol

93400 184900

2.8.23 Level Energy 23rd

ora Sumadhiya194,000.00 kJ / mol

98420 198800

2.8.24 Level Energy 24

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

104400 195200

2.8.25 Level Energy 25th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

121900 121900

2.8.26 Level Energy 26th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

127700 127700

2.8.27 Level Energy 27th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

133800 133800

2.8.28 Level Energy 28th

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

139800 139800

2.8.29 Level Energy 29

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

148100 148100

2.8.30 Level Energy 30

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

154500 154500

2.9 padha karo elektrokimia

0.56 g / amp-day1.10 g / amp-day

0.16812 8.3209

2.10 Fungsi Work elektron

3.50 eV5.15 eV

2.14 5.65

2.11 Properties Kimia liyane

Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan

anti Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif

3 atom

3.1 Panggil atom

2128

3 117

3.2 Konfigurasi elektron

[Ar] 3d ¹ 4s ²

[Ar] 3d ⁸ 4s ² Utawa [Ar] 3d ⁹ 4s ¹

3.3 Struktur Crystal

Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)

Face tengah kubik (FCC)

3.3.1 Crystal pola

3.4 atom

3.4.1 Jumlah proton

2128

3 117

3.4.2 Jumlah Neutron

2431

4 184

3.4.3 Jumlah Èlèktron

2128

3 117

3.5 Radius saka Atom

3.5.1 Radius atom

162.00 pm124.00 pm

112 265

3.5.2 kovalen Radius

170.00 pm124.00 pm

96 260

3.5.3 Van der Waals Radius

211.00 pm163.00 pm

139 348

3.6 Bobot atom

44.96 Amu58.69 Amu

6.94 294

3.7 Volume atom

15.00 cm3 / mol6.59 cm3 / mol

1.39 71.07

3.8 Nomer atom jejer

3.8.1 unsur Previous

3.8.2 Sabanjure unsur

3.9 Potensi Valence Electron

58.00 (-eV)42.00 (-eV)

8 392.42

3.10 Constant pola

330.90 pm352.40 pm

228.58 891.25

3.11 pola Angles

π/2, π/2, 2 π/3

π/2, π/2, π/2

3.12 Pola C / A rasio

1.59ora Sumadhiya

1.567 1.886

4 Teknik

4.1 Kapadhetan

4.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar

2.99 g / cm ³8.91 g / cm ³

0.534 40.7

4.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)

2.80 g / cm37.81 g / cm3

0.512 20

4.2 Strength tensile

ora Sumadhiya345.00 MPa

2.5 11000

4.3 viskositas

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

0.001526 0.001526

4.4 meksa beluk

4.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K

0.00 (Pa)0.00 (Pa)

2.47E-11 121

4.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K

91.30 (Pa)19.50 (Pa)

2.62E-10 774

4.5 situs kelenturan

4.5.1 nyukur pengaturan

29.10 GPA76.00 GPA

1.3 222

4.5.2 pengaturan akeh

56.60 GPA180.00 GPA

1.6 462

4.5.3 Young kang pengaturan

74.40 GPA200.00 GPA

1.7 528

4.6 Poisson rasio

0.280.31

0.032 0.47

4.7 Properties Teknik liyane

ductile

5 Magnetic

5.1 Ciri Magnetic

5.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu

2.998.90

0.53 4500

5.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic

paramagnetic

Ferromagnetic

5.1.3 permeabilitas

ora Sumadhiya0.00 H / m

1.25643E-06 0.0063

5.1.4 kelemahan

ora Sumadhiya600.00

-0.000166 200000

5.2 Properties Listrik

5.2.1 Property Listrik

Arman

5.2.2 resistivity

562.00 nΩ · m69.30 nΩ · m

0.18 961

5.2.3 konduktivitas listrik

0.02 10 ⁶ / cm Ω0.14 10 ⁶ / cm Ω

0.00666 0.63

5.2.4 elektron Affinity

18.10 kJ / mol112.00 kJ / mol

0 222.8

6 termal

6.1 Kalor tartamtu

0.60 J / (kg K)0.44 J / (kg K)

0.11 3.6

6.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor

25.52 J / mol · K26.07 J / mol · K

16.443 62.7

6.3 doyo termal

15.80 W / m · K90.90 W / m · K

6.3 429

6.4 suhu kritis

ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya

26.3 3223

6.5 Expansion termal

10.20 μm / (m · K)13.40 μm / (m · K)

4.5 97

6.6 enthalpy

6.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan

314.20 kJ / mol371.80 kJ / mol

7.32 799.1

6.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion

14.10 kJ / mol17.57 kJ / mol

2.1 35.23

6.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization

343.00 kJ / mol422.60 kJ / mol

61.5 837

6.7 Standard molar Entropy

34.60 J / mol.K29.90 J / mol.K

9.5 198.1

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