Thallium mungsuh thorium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Tl
Th
Panggil Group
13
5
0
18
Panggil periode
6
7
Block
p pemblokiran
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
Transisi Post-
actinide
CAS Number
7440280
99+
7440326
99+
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Senyawa saka logam Thallium Highly Toxic.
- metal Thallium lagi seng di tuduh minangka karsinogen manungsa.
- metal Thorium digunakake minangka pilihan sulih liwat Uranium kanggo bahan bakar nuklir.
- Thorium logam katon (putih, alus) iku kaya-kaya padha Lead logam.
sumber
Found Minangka By-produk, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining
History
sing katutup
William Crookes
Jöns Jakob Berzelius
Discovery
ing 1861
ing 1829
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
5 * 10-9 %
32
3 * 10-4 %
9
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.0004 %
9
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
99+
0.05 %
11
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
99+
0.66 %
7
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
15
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
Character length exceed error
- metal Thorium digunakake minangka agen allying kanggo Magnesium, Iku imparts kekuatan luwih lan resistance kanggo suhu.
- senyawa saka logam Thorium oxide digunakake minangka katalis industri.
Ulah Industrial
Industri Kimia
Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
Medical Research
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi, Jewellery, patung, Statues
Properties biologi
keracunan
Highly Toxic
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Sang
0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
34
0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
33
ing Bone
0.00 ppm
33
0.02 ppm
29
fisik Properties
leleh Point
303.50 ° C
99+
1,750.00 ° C
17
Boiling Point
1,457.00 ° C
99+
4,790.00 ° C
8
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
Silver
luster
NA
NA
atose
Mohs atose
1.20
20
3.00
12
Brinell atose
26.50 MPa
99+
390.00 MPa
29
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
295.00 MPa
29
Kacepetan swara
818.00 m / s
99+
2,490.00 m / s
36
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Tl
Th
isotop
Isotop dikenal
32
7
28
11
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.62
21
1.30
32
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
2.25
5
ora Sumadhiya
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.44
17
1.11
29
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
1.96
6
ora Sumadhiya
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.79
13
ora Sumadhiya
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.38
33
2.70
22
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
589.40 kJ / mol
99+
587.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,971.00 kJ / mol
14
1,110.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,878.00 kJ / mol
32
1,978.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
ora Sumadhiya
2,780.00 kJ / mol
99+
padha karo elektrokimia
7.63 g / amp-day
2
2.16 g / amp-day
24
Fungsi Work elektron
3.84 eV
28
3.41 eV
32
Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
81
35
90
28
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 1
[Rn] 6D 2 7s 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Crystal pola
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Thorium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
81
35
90
28
Jumlah Neutron
123
20
142
15
Jumlah Èlèktron
81
35
90
28
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
170.00 pm
22
179.80 pm
15
kovalen Radius
145.00 pm
39
206.00 pm
7
Van der Waals Radius
196.00 pm
30
237.00 pm
15
Bobot atom
204.38 Amu
31
232.04 Amu
23
Volume atom
17.20 cm3 / mol
31
19.90 cm3 / mol
20
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
9.60 (-eV)
99+
59.30 (-eV)
23
Constant pola
345.66 pm
99+
508.42 pm
14
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
1.60
6
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
11.85 g / cm 3
31
11.72 g / cm 3
32
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
11.22 g / cm3
13
ora Sumadhiya
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
16.90 (Pa)
5
ora Sumadhiya
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 (Pa)
22
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
2.80 GPA
99+
31.00 GPA
21
pengaturan akeh
43.00 GPA
28
54.00 GPA
22
Young kang pengaturan
8.00 GPA
99+
79.00 GPA
24
Poisson rasio
0.45
2
0.27
20
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, Sectile
ductile
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
11.85
22
11.70
23
Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
superconductor
resistivity
0.18 nΩ · m
99+
157.00 nΩ · m
22
konduktivitas listrik
0.06 10 6 / cm Ω
32
0.07 10 6 / cm Ω
31
elektron Affinity
19.20 kJ / mol
32
ora Sumadhiya
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.13 J / (kg K)
39
0.12 J / (kg K)
40
Graham Kapasitas kalor
26.32 J / mol · K
29
26.23 J / mol · K
30
doyo termal
46.10 W / m · K
33
54.00 W / m · K
28
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
29.90 μm / (m · K)
12
11.00 μm / (m · K)
36
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
162.10 kJ / mol
99+
429.00 kJ / mol
15
Enthalpy saka Fusion
4.27 kJ / mol
99+
15.48 kJ / mol
19
Enthalpy saka atomization
179.90 kJ / mol
99+
468.60 kJ / mol
15
Standard molar Entropy
64.20 J / mol.K
19
27.30 J / mol.K
99+
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