Thallium mungsuh thulium
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Tl
Tm
Panggil Group
13
5
ora Sumadhiya
Panggil periode
6
6
Block
p pemblokiran
pemblokiran f
Family unsur
Transisi Post-
lanthanide
CAS Number
7440280
99+
7440304
99+
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Space Group Number
194.00
5
194.00
5
facts
Facts Interesting
- Senyawa saka logam Thallium Highly Toxic.
- metal Thallium lagi seng di tuduh minangka karsinogen manungsa.
- Thulium logam bisa nolak karat amarga hawa sing garing.
- Mung TM-169 isotop saka logam Thulium kelakon alamiah.
sumber
Found Minangka By-produk, Ores logam, Ores saka Minerals
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
William Crookes
Per Teodor Cleve
Discovery
ing 1861
ing taun 1879
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
5 * 10-9 %
32
1 * 10-8 %
30
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.0000001 %
26
~0.00000002 %
28
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %
99+
0.00 %
99+
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
34
0.00 %
99+
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
Character length exceed error
- Thulium metal ngasilaké isotop sing mancaraken sinar-X. isotop iki digunakake ing mesin X-ray.
- Thulium unsur uga digunakake ing peralatan Surgical kaya laser.
Ulah Industrial
Industri Kimia
NA
Ulah Medical
Medical Research
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi
wesi, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
Properties biologi
keracunan
Highly Toxic
Unknown
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ora
Sang
0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
34
ora Sumadhiya
ing Bone
0.00 ppm
33
ora Sumadhiya
fisik Properties
leleh Point
303.50 ° C
99+
1,545.00 ° C
23
Boiling Point
1,457.00 ° C
99+
1,730.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
perak Gray
luster
NA
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
1.20
20
ora Sumadhiya
Brinell atose
26.50 MPa
99+
471.00 MPa
25
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
520.00 MPa
21
Kacepetan swara
818.00 m / s
99+
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Tl
Tm
isotop
Isotop dikenal
32
7
32
7
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.62
21
1.25
35
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
2.25
5
ora Sumadhiya
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.44
17
1.11
29
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
1.96
6
ora Sumadhiya
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.79
13
ora Sumadhiya
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.38
33
2.75
19
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
589.40 kJ / mol
99+
596.70 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,971.00 kJ / mol
14
1,160.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 3rd
2,878.00 kJ / mol
32
2,285.00 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 4
ora Sumadhiya
4,120.00 kJ / mol
33
padha karo elektrokimia
7.63 g / amp-day
2
2.10 g / amp-day
26
Fungsi Work elektron
3.84 eV
28
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
atom Properties
Panggil atom
81
35
69
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 14 5d 10 6s 2 6p 1
[Xe] 4F 13 6s 2
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
BCC-Crystal-Structure-.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Thulium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
81
35
69
99+
Jumlah Neutron
123
20
100
32
Jumlah Èlèktron
81
35
69
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
170.00 pm
22
176.00 pm
18
kovalen Radius
145.00 pm
39
160.00 pm
30
Van der Waals Radius
196.00 pm
30
ora Sumadhiya
Bobot atom
204.38 Amu
31
168.93 Amu
99+
Volume atom
17.20 cm3 / mol
31
18.10 cm3 / mol
28
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
9.60 (-eV)
99+
49.70 (-eV)
28
Constant pola
345.66 pm
99+
353.75 pm
40
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
1.60
6
1.57
17
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
11.85 g / cm 3
31
9.32 g / cm 3
40
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
11.22 g / cm3
13
8.56 g / cm3
24
Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
16.90 (Pa)
5
0.06 (Pa)
10
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
2.80 GPA
99+
30.50 GPA
22
pengaturan akeh
43.00 GPA
28
44.50 GPA
26
Young kang pengaturan
8.00 GPA
99+
74.00 GPA
27
Poisson rasio
0.45
2
0.21
31
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, Sectile
ductile, malleable
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
11.85
22
9.32
31
Nindakake Magnetic
diamagnetic
paramagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Arman
resistivity
0.18 nΩ · m
99+
676.00 nΩ · m
5
konduktivitas listrik
0.06 10 6 / cm Ω
32
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
elektron Affinity
19.20 kJ / mol
32
50.00 kJ / mol
21
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.13 J / (kg K)
39
0.16 J / (kg K)
35
Graham Kapasitas kalor
26.32 J / mol · K
29
27.03 J / mol · K
22
doyo termal
46.10 W / m · K
33
16.90 W / m · K
99+
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
29.90 μm / (m · K)
12
13.30 μm / (m · K)
29
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
162.10 kJ / mol
99+
191.00 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka Fusion
4.27 kJ / mol
99+
16.80 kJ / mol
17
Enthalpy saka atomization
179.90 kJ / mol
99+
247.00 kJ / mol
99+
Standard molar Entropy
64.20 J / mol.K
19
74.00 J / mol.K
9
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