Block
pemblokiran f
d block
Family unsur
actinide
transisi Metal
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
P63 / mmc
Facts Interesting
- metal Thorium digunakake minangka pilihan sulih liwat Uranium kanggo bahan bakar nuklir.
- Thorium logam katon (putih, alus) iku kaya-kaya padha Lead logam.
- Yttrium Metal punika Highly beracun.
- Yttrium Metal punika reaktif ing alam Empu ora ketemu gratis ing alam.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
sing katutup
Jöns Jakob Berzelius
Johan Gadolin
Discovery
ing 1829
ing taun 1794
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
Ulah lan Wuku
- metal Thorium digunakake minangka agen allying kanggo Magnesium, Iku imparts kekuatan luwih lan resistance kanggo suhu.
- senyawa saka logam Thorium oxide digunakake minangka katalis industri.
- metal Yttrium digunakake ing wesi beda, minangka mundhak kekuatan aluminium Magnesium. Kang digunakake kanggo Filter Radar gelombang mikro.
- Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké minangka katalis ing ethene polymerisation.
Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry automobile, Industri Kimia, Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
Dentistry, Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
NA
Ulah liyane
wesi, Jewellery, patung, Statues
wesi
keracunan
non Toxic
Highly Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Vickers atose
ora Sumadhiya
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
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β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
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γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
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Pauling Elektronegativitas
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
Allen Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
Pauling Electropositivity
Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiya
tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 8
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Level Energy 9
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Level Energy 10th
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Level Energy 11
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Level Energy 12
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Properties Kimia liyane
Corrosion, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif
Kimia Stabilitas, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
Konfigurasi elektron
[Rn] 6D 2 7s 2
[Kr] 4d 1 5S 2
Struktur Crystal
Face tengah kubik (FCC)
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Crystal pola
FCC-Crystal-Structure-of-Thorium.jpg#100
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Yttrium.jpg#100
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, π/2
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
Pola C / A rasio
ora Sumadhiya
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
ora Sumadhiya
Strength tensile
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viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
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Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
ora Sumadhiya
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile
ductile
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
paramagnetic
Property Listrik
superconductor
Arman
elektron Affinity
ora Sumadhiya
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Enthalpy saka atomization