1 Tabel périodik
1.1 Symbol
1.2 Panggil Group
1.3 Panggil periode
1.4 Block
1.5 Family unsur
lanthanide
transisi Metal
1.6 CAS Number
744030453850354
7429905
54386242
1.7 Jeneng papan Group
1.8 Space Group Number
194.00ora Sumadhiya
11
229
2 facts
2.1 Facts Interesting
- Thulium logam bisa nolak karat amarga hawa sing garing.
- Mung TM-169 isotop saka logam Thulium kelakon alamiah.
- IUPAC kapaicayang jeneng sauntara kanggo logam Dubnium minangka "Unnilpentium".
- Ing produksi Dubnium, chromatography jurang pemisah termal digunakake.
2.2 sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
Diprodhuksi dening némbakaké Am243 karo Ne22, sintetik Diprodhuksi
2.3 History
2.3.1 sing katutup
Per Teodor Cleve
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
2.3.2 Discovery
ing taun 1879
ing taun 1968
2.4 turah mbrawah
2.4.1 Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
1 * 10-8 %ora Sumadhiya
5E-09
0.11
2.4.2 Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.00000002 %~-9999 %
1E-08
0.1
2.4.3 Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %ora Sumadhiya
1.7E-07
22
2.4.4 Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.00 %ora Sumadhiya
9.9E-12
8.1
2.4.5 Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %ora Sumadhiya
2E-23
1.1
2.4.6 Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1E-13
1.4
3 ulah
3.1 Ulah lan Wuku
- Thulium metal ngasilaké isotop sing mancaraken sinar-X. isotop iki digunakake ing mesin X-ray.
- Thulium unsur uga digunakake ing peralatan Surgical kaya laser.
- Efesus saiki dikenal saka logam Dubnium sing winates kanggo riset waé mung.
3.1.1 Ulah Industrial
3.1.2 Ulah Medical
3.1.3 Ulah liyane
wesi, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
tujuan Research
3.2 Properties biologi
3.2.1 keracunan
3.2.2 Saiki ing badan Human
3.2.3 Sang
ora Sumadhiya0.00 Sang / mg dm-3
0
1970
3.2.4 ing Bone
ora Sumadhiya0.00 ppm
0
170000
4 fisik
4.1 leleh Point
1,545.00 ° Cora Sumadhiya
27
3410
4.2 Boiling Point
1,730.00 ° Cora Sumadhiya
147
5660
4.3 katon
4.3.1 State fisik
4.3.2 warna
4.3.3 luster
4.4 atose
4.4.1 Mohs atose
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.2
8.5
4.4.2 Brinell atose
471.00 MPaora Sumadhiya
0.14
3490
4.4.3 Vickers atose
520.00 MPaora Sumadhiya
121
3430
4.5 Kacepetan swara
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
818
16200
4.6 Properties Optical
4.6.1 bias Index
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.000933
1.7229
4.6.2 reflectivity
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
58
97
4.7 allotropes
4.7.1 α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
4.7.2 β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
4.7.3 γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
5 Kimia
5.1 Formula Kimia
5.2 isotop
5.2.1 Isotop dikenal
5.3 keelektronegatifan
5.3.1 Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.25ora Sumadhiya
0.7
2.54
5.3.2 Sanderson Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.22
2.56
5.3.3 Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.11ora Sumadhiya
0.86
1.82
5.3.4 Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.62
2.48
5.3.5 Allen Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.659
2.7
5.4 Electropositivity
5.4.1 Pauling Electropositivity
2.75ora Sumadhiya
1.46
3.3
5.5 tenogo ionisasi
5.5.1 Level Energy 1st
596.70 kJ / mol664.80 kJ / mol
375.7
26130
5.5.2 Level Energy 2
1,160.00 kJ / mol1,546.70 kJ / mol
710.2162
28750
5.5.3 Level Energy 3rd
2,285.00 kJ / mol2,378.40 kJ / mol
1600
34230
5.5.4 Level Energy 4
4,120.00 kJ / mol3,298.80 kJ / mol
2780
37066
5.5.5 Level Energy 5th
ora Sumadhiya4,305.20 kJ / mol
4305.2
97510
5.5.6 Level Energy 6th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
5715.8
105800
5.5.7 tingkat Energy 7
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
7226.8
114300
5.5.8 Level Energy 8
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
8857.4
125300
5.5.9 Level Energy 9
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
14110
134700
5.5.10 Level Energy 10th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
17100
144300
5.5.11 Level Energy 11
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
19900
169988
5.5.12 Level Energy 12
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
22219
189368
5.5.13 Level Energy 13
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
26930
76015
5.5.14 Level Energy 14
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
29196
86450
5.5.15 Level Energy 15
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
41987
97510
5.5.16 Level Energy 16
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
47206
109480
5.5.17 Level Energy 17
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
52737
122200
5.5.18 Level Energy 18
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
58570
134810
5.5.19 Level Energy 19
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
64702
148700
5.5.20 Level Energy 20
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
80400
171200
5.5.21 Level Energy 21
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
87000
179100
5.5.22 Level Energy 22
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
93400
184900
5.5.23 Level Energy 23rd
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
98420
198800
5.5.24 Level Energy 24
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
104400
195200
5.5.25 Level Energy 25th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
121900
121900
5.5.26 Level Energy 26th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
127700
127700
5.5.27 Level Energy 27th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
133800
133800
5.5.28 Level Energy 28th
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
139800
139800
5.5.29 Level Energy 29
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
148100
148100
1.1.1 Level Energy 30
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
154500
154500
1.2 padha karo elektrokimia
2.10 g / amp-dayora Sumadhiya
0.16812
8.3209
1.4 Fungsi Work elektron
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
2.14
5.65
1.7 Properties Kimia liyane
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, Radioaktif
2 atom
2.1 Panggil atom
2.2 Konfigurasi elektron
[Xe] 4F 13 6s 2
[Rn] 5F 14 6D 3 7s 2
2.3 Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Body tengah kubik (Bcc)
2.3.1 Crystal pola
2.4 atom
2.4.1 Jumlah proton
2.4.3 Jumlah Neutron
2.6.2 Jumlah Èlèktron
2.8 Radius saka Atom
2.8.1 Radius atom
176.00 pm139.00 pm
112
265
2.8.5 kovalen Radius
160.00 pm149.00 pm
96
260
2.8.6 Van der Waals Radius
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
139
348
2.9 Bobot atom
168.93 Amu268.00 Amu
6.94
294
2.10 Volume atom
18.10 cm3 / molora Sumadhiya
1.39
71.07
2.11 Nomer atom jejer
2.11.1 unsur Previous
2.11.2 Sabanjure unsur
2.12 Potensi Valence Electron
49.70 (-eV)ora Sumadhiya
8
392.42
2.13 Constant pola
353.75 pmora Sumadhiya
228.58
891.25
2.14 pola Angles
2.15 Pola C / A rasio
1.57ora Sumadhiya
1.567
1.886
3 Teknik
3.1 Kapadhetan
3.1.1 Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
9.32 g / cm 329.30 g / cm 3
0.534
40.7
3.1.2 Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
8.56 g / cm3ora Sumadhiya
0.512
20
3.2 Strength tensile
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
2.5
11000
3.3 viskositas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
0.001526
0.001526
3.4 meksa beluk
3.4.1 Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
0.06 (Pa)ora Sumadhiya
2.47E-11
121
3.4.2 Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
2.62E-10
774
3.5 situs kelenturan
3.5.1 nyukur pengaturan
30.50 GPAora Sumadhiya
1.3
222
3.5.2 pengaturan akeh
44.50 GPAora Sumadhiya
1.6
462
3.5.3 Young kang pengaturan
74.00 GPAora Sumadhiya
1.7
528
3.6 Poisson rasio
0.21ora Sumadhiya
0.032
0.47
3.7 Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
Unknown
4 Magnetic
4.1 Ciri Magnetic
4.1.1 Gravitasi tartamtu
9.32ora Sumadhiya
0.53
4500
4.1.2 Nindakake Magnetic
4.1.3 permeabilitas
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
1.25643E-06
0.0063
4.1.4 kelemahan
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
-0.000166
200000
4.2 Properties Listrik
4.2.1 Property Listrik
4.2.2 resistivity
676.00 nΩ · mora Sumadhiya
0.18
961
4.2.3 konduktivitas listrik
0.02 10 6 / cm Ωora Sumadhiya
0.00666
0.63
4.2.4 elektron Affinity
50.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
0
222.8
5 termal
5.1 Kalor tartamtu
0.16 J / (kg K)ora Sumadhiya
0.11
3.6
5.2 Graham Kapasitas kalor
27.03 J / mol · Kora Sumadhiya
16.443
62.7
5.3 doyo termal
16.90 W / m · Kora Sumadhiya
6.3
429
5.4 suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiyaora Sumadhiya
26.3
3223
5.5 Expansion termal
13.30 μm / (m · K)ora Sumadhiya
4.5
97
5.6 enthalpy
5.6.1 Enthalpy panguapan
191.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
7.32
799.1
5.6.2 Enthalpy saka Fusion
16.80 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
2.1
35.23
5.6.3 Enthalpy saka atomization
247.00 kJ / molora Sumadhiya
61.5
837
5.7 Standard molar Entropy
74.00 J / mol.Kora Sumadhiya
9.5
198.1