Zirconium mungsuh Panerapan
Tabel périodik
Symbol
Zr
Ga
Panggil Group
4
14
13
5
Panggil periode
5
4
Block
d block
p pemblokiran
Family unsur
transisi Metal
Transisi Post-
CAS Number
7440677
23
7440553
32
Jeneng papan Group
P63 / mmc
Cmca
Space Group Number
194.00
5
64.00
9
facts
Facts Interesting
- Zirconium logam bisa nolak kanggo asam banget.
- Zirconium logam ditanggepi karo oksigen lan nitrogen ing atmosfer.
- A gram saka logam Gallium bisa tuku mung telung dolar.
- Panerapan logam ketemu ing ores bab ing ngisor iki Coal, Bauksit, Diaspore, sphalerite, germanite lan Seng.
sumber
Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
bumi lemah ndhuwur, Found in Minerals, Mining, Ores saka Minerals
History
sing katutup
Martin Heinrich Klaproth
Lecoq de Boisbaudran
Discovery
ing taun 1789
ing taun 1875
turah mbrawah
Turah mbrawah Ing Universe
5 * 10-6 %
13
1 * 10-6 %
16
Turah mbrawah Ing Sun
~0.000004 %
16
~0.000004 %
16
Turah mbrawah Ing meteorit
0.00 %
17
0.00 %
16
Turah mbrawah Ing bumi lemah ndhuwur
0.01 %
14
0.00 %
24
Turah mbrawah Ing Segara
0.00 %
23
0.00 %
22
Turah mbrawah Ing Manungsa
0.00 %
15
ora Sumadhiya
ulah
Ulah lan Wuku
- Minangka logam ora nresep neutron; Kang digunakake ing stasiun daya nuklir.
- oxide sawijining digunakake ing keramik kuwat Ultra. Sampeyan uga dipigunakaké ing crucibles Manufaktur.
- Panerapan arsenida punika komponèn penting banget akeh semikonduktor lan manufaktur mimpin.
- Panerapan nitride uga ngerti minangka semikonduktor lan digunakake ing teknologi Blu-ray, Smartphone mobile lan LED.
Ulah Industrial
Industry Aerospace, Industry amunisi
Industry Listrik, Industry Elektronik
Ulah Medical
NA
Surgical Instruments Manufacturing
Ulah liyane
wesi, Nuclear Riset, tujuan Research
wesi
Properties biologi
keracunan
NA
non Toxic
Saiki ing badan Human
Ya
Ya
Sang
0.01 Sang / mg dm-3
21
0.08 Sang / mg dm-3
13
ing Bone
0.10 ppm
23
ora Sumadhiya
fisik Properties
leleh Point
1,852.00 ° C
15
29.78 ° C
99+
Boiling Point
4,377.00 ° C
11
2,403.00 ° C
99+
katon
State fisik
Solid
Solid
warna
perak Putih
perak Putih
luster
lustrous
metallic
atose
Mohs atose
5.00
8
1.50
18
Brinell atose
638.00 MPa
19
56.80 MPa
99+
Vickers atose
820.00 MPa
15
ora Sumadhiya
Kacepetan swara
3,800.00 m / s
20
2,740.00 m / s
31
Properties Optical
allotropes
Ora
Ora
α allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
β allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
γ allotropes
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Kimia Properties
Formula Kimia
Zr
Ga
isotop
Isotop dikenal
24
15
24
15
keelektronegatifan
Pauling Elektronegativitas
1.33
30
1.81
15
Sanderson Elektronegativitas
0.90
25
2.42
2
Allred Rochow Elektronegativitas
1.22
26
1.82
1
Mulliken-Jaffe Elektronegativitas
ora Sumadhiya
2.01
5
Allen Elektronegativitas
1.32
34
1.76
14
Electropositivity
Pauling Electropositivity
2.67
24
2.19
39
tenogo ionisasi
Level Energy 1st
640.10 kJ / mol
99+
578.80 kJ / mol
99+
Level Energy 2
1,270.00 kJ / mol
99+
1,979.30 kJ / mol
13
Level Energy 3rd
2,218.00 kJ / mol
99+
2,963.00 kJ / mol
28
Level Energy 4
3,313.00 kJ / mol
99+
6,180.00 kJ / mol
8
Level Energy 5th
7,752.00 kJ / mol
10
ora Sumadhiya
Level Energy 6th
9,500.00 kJ / mol
15
ora Sumadhiya
padha karo elektrokimia
0.85 g / amp-day
99+
0.87 g / amp-day
99+
Fungsi Work elektron
4.05 eV
26
4.20 eV
23
Properties Kimia liyane
anti Corrosion, kebakar, ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif, kelarutan
ionisasi, Isotop radioaktif
atom Properties
Panggil atom
40
99+
31
99+
Konfigurasi elektron
[Kr] 4d 2 5S 2
[Ar] 3d 10 4s 2 4p 1
Struktur Crystal
Hexagonal Tutup dikempalken (HCP)
Orthorhombic (Orth)
Crystal pola
HCP-Crystal-Structure-of-Zirconium.jpg#100
ORTH-Crystal-Structure-of-Gallium.jpg#100
atom
Jumlah proton
40
99+
31
99+
Jumlah Neutron
51
99+
39
99+
Jumlah Èlèktron
40
99+
31
99+
Radius saka Atom
Radius atom
160.00 pm
27
135.00 pm
99+
kovalen Radius
175.00 pm
23
122.00 pm
99+
Van der Waals Radius
200.00 pm
28
187.00 pm
32
Bobot atom
91.22 Amu
99+
69.72 Amu
99+
Volume atom
14.10 cm3 / mol
36
11.80 cm3 / mol
99+
Nomer atom jejer
Potensi Valence Electron
80.00 (-eV)
18
69.70 (-eV)
19
Constant pola
323.20 pm
99+
451.97 pm
18
pola Angles
π/2, π/2, 2 π/3
π/2, π/2, π/2
Pola C / A rasio
1.59
8
ora Sumadhiya
Teknik Properties
Kapadhetan
Kapadhetan Ing suhu kamar
6.52 g / cm 3
99+
5.91 g / cm 3
99+
Kapadhetan Nalika Liquid (ing mp)
5.80 g / cm3
99+
6.10 g / cm3
99+
Strength tensile
330.00 MPa
12
ora Sumadhiya
viskositas
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
meksa beluk
Meksa beluk ing 1000 K
ora Sumadhiya
0.00 (Pa)
15
Meksa beluk ing 2000 K
0.00 (Pa)
21
ora Sumadhiya
situs kelenturan
nyukur pengaturan
33.00 GPA
20
ora Sumadhiya
pengaturan akeh
91.10 GPA
17
ora Sumadhiya
Young kang pengaturan
88.00 GPA
22
9.80 GPA
99+
Poisson rasio
0.34
10
0.47
1
Properties Teknik liyane
ductile, malleable
NA
Magnetic Properties
Ciri Magnetic
Gravitasi tartamtu
6.51
99+
5.91
99+
Nindakake Magnetic
paramagnetic
diamagnetic
Properties Listrik
Property Listrik
Arman
Semiconductor
resistivity
421.00 nΩ · m
11
270.00 nΩ · m
15
konduktivitas listrik
0.02 10 6 / cm Ω
99+
0.07 10 6 / cm Ω
29
elektron Affinity
41.10 kJ / mol
27
28.90 kJ / mol
31
termal Properties
Kalor tartamtu
0.27 J / (kg K)
19
0.37 J / (kg K)
16
Graham Kapasitas kalor
25.36 J / mol · K
99+
25.86 J / mol · K
35
doyo termal
22.60 W / m · K
99+
40.60 W / m · K
34
suhu kritis
ora Sumadhiya
ora Sumadhiya
Expansion termal
5.70 μm / (m · K)
99+
18.00 μm / (m · K)
24
enthalpy
Enthalpy panguapan
581.60 kJ / mol
9
256.10 kJ / mol
36
Enthalpy saka Fusion
20.90 kJ / mol
11
5.59 kJ / mol
99+
Enthalpy saka atomization
598.00 kJ / mol
10
276.10 kJ / mol
39
Standard molar Entropy
39.00 J / mol.K
39
40.80 J / mol.K
38
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